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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Lesson 88 Trapped in a mine 困在矿井里【New words and expressions】（12）trap v. 陷入，使陷于困境 surface n. 地面，表面explosive n. 炸药 vibration n. 震动collapse v. 坍塌 drill v. 钻孔capsule n. 容器 layer n. 层、层次beneath prep. 在.之下 lower v. 放下，降低progress v. 进展，进行 smoothly adv. 顺利地 trap （1） v. 陷入，使陷于困境eg：He was trapped
2、 in the game preserve . 他被困在禁猎区。in the game preserve 在禁猎区（2）v. 将（某人）诱入圈套、诱骗 （某人）trap sb into doing 诱使某人做某事eg：They trapped her into marring him . 他们又骗她嫁给了他。（3） n.（捕鸟、兽等用的）圈套、陷阱a bear caught in a trap 熊陷入陷阱set a trap for mouse set a mousetrap 设（陷阱）；张（罗网）；扬（帆），钩住（4） n. 诡计、圈套、策略eg：He fell into a trap .
3、他掉进了陷阱 surface （1） n. 地面，表面a smooth surface 光滑的表面（2） n. 外表、外观look only at the surface of things 只看事情的表面on the surface 表面上的 、外观上的friendship on the surface 表面上的友谊eg：You looked satisfied on the surface then .那个时候你看起来表面上很满足。（3） adj. 外表的surface differences 表面上的差异 ； surface kindness 表面上的好心 短语：surface mail
4、 陆 （水）路邮件、普通邮件（相反的airmail）send a letter by surface mail 寄普通邮件 explosive （1） n. 炸药high explosive 强力炸药（2） adj. 爆发的、爆发性的an explosive substance 爆炸物explosion n. （1）爆发 、爆裂、爆炸声a gas explosion 瓦斯爆炸（2） 爆发 an explosion of laughter 爆发出笑声explode v. （1） （炸药、煤气等）爆炸事件eg：The heat exploded the corked bottle .热气使塞住的瓶
5、子爆炸了。（2）（因生气、笑等）使 （感情）爆发、（感情）爆发 eg：He exploded in anger . 勃然大怒eg：His jealousy exploded when she kissed another boy . 看她吻了另一个男孩、他醋劲大发。 jealousy delsi n.妒忌；猜忌 vibration n. 震动the vibration of the traffic 车辆来往产生的振动。vibrate （1） v. 振动、摇动eg：His shoulders vibrated with anger .他气到双肩颤动。（2） v. 受而感动， （心）颤动、惊动eg
6、：My heart vibrated to the soulful painting .那张充满感情的画感动了我的心灵。 collapse （1） v. 坍塌、瓦解、崩溃eg：The roof collapsed under the weight of snow . 雪把房顶压塌了. eg：The heavy flood collapsed the bridge .大洪水使桥梁倒塌了。（2） v.（计划、事业等）垮掉、挫败eg：Our project collapsed because of shortage of funds .因为资金短缺，我们的计划挫败。（3） v. 摺叠、可摺叠eg：T
7、his table collapses , so I can store it easily .这种桌子可以折叠,不用时很容易收藏。collapse a tent 把帐篷折叠起来 drill （1） v. 钻孔drill a hole in the wall 在墙上钻个洞drill a tooth 钻牙齿（2）v. 训练 （某人），反覆练习、接受训练drill troops 练兵drill in English pronunciation 英语发音练习（3） n. 锥子 、钻孔机 an electric drill 电钻 make a hole with a drill 用钻打洞（4） n.
8、训练、演练、演习 a fire drill 消防演习 drill in English words 英文单字反覆练习 capsulemedicine ：pill pil 药丸、 powder paud 药粉 、tablet tblit 药片 、 capsule kpsju:l 胶囊 layer （1） n. 层、一层a layer of clay 一层泥 clay klei n.粘土，泥土a cake with two layers 两层蛋（2） 置放者、砌的人（通常构成复合词） n. 容器、胶囊 eg：He swallowed two capsules at a time . 他一下吃了两粒
9、胶囊。a bricklayer 泥瓦匠（3） 下蛋的鸡a good layer 常下蛋的鸡 a bad layer 不常下蛋的鸡 beneath （1） prep. 在.之下（可用已表示接触或未接触时，稍为严谨的表达法，一般多用under） eg：Lets take a rest beneath the tree . 让我们在树下休息。eg：The ground beneath my feet was soft . 我脚下的土地松软。（2）（地位、价值） 较.差的，较不值的的eg：His work is beneath contempt . 他的行为使人不屑一顾eg：Such words ar
10、e beneath you . 说这些话有些失你身份。 lower （1） v. 放低（高度、位置） ，降低eg：She lowered her eyes . 他垂下眼睛。lower a flag 降旗 ； lower the sails 降帆lower the water in the canal 降低运河中的水位（2） v. 降低 （价格、数量、程度、声音等）lower the rent of a house 降低房租 ； lower ones voice 压低声音 the Lower House （两院治的）下议院the House of Representatives （美）众议院th
11、e House of Commons （英）下议院the Upper House 上议院 progress （1）prgres v. 进展，进行eg：We are now progressing steadily with our work我们现在工作进展顺利。（2） v. 进步、上进eg：You have progressed quickly in mathematics . 你在数学上进步迅速。（1） n. prugres 前进、进行make swift progress toward the destination 朝目的地迅速前进 。 make slow progress toward
12、 the destination朝目的地缓慢前进。（2） n. 进步 the progress of medicine 医药的进步 smoothly adv. 顺利地、平滑地go smoothly 进展顺利eg：The escalator didnt operate smoothly . 自动扶梯没有顺利运作 escalator eskleit n.自动扶梯 operate preit vi.运转；动手术；起作用 vt.操作；经营 smooth （1） adj. 平滑的 、顺利的（反义词 rough）a smooth skin 光滑的皮肤 ； a smooth road 顺畅的道路eg：His
13、 efforts made the smooth passage of the bill possible .他的努力使该法案得以顺利通过。（2） adj. 口齿伶俐的 a smooth talker 一个能说会道的人（3） adj. 温和的eg：He is smooth in his manners . 他举止彬彬有礼。（4） v. 使平滑 （坦）smooth out a tablecloth 铺平桌布eg：Dont forget to smooth down the board before you paint it .在刷油漆之前别忘了把木料打磨光滑。if 条件句真实条件句 ：主将从现非
14、真实条件件句 ：与现在事时相反或对不可能的情况假设主句：would do从句 ：一般过去式与过去事实相反的假设主句：would have done从句：had done.Exercise ：1. 用正确的动词填空（1） If they are not brought （not bring ） to the surface soon , they may lose their lives .（2） If explosive are used , vibrations will cause （cause） the roof of the mine to collapse. （3） If there
15、 had not been a hard layer of rock beneath soil, they would have completed（complete）the job in a few hours .（4） If they know how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock , they would lose（lose） heart .2. 用正确的动词填空（1） If he had fitted safety belts to his car , he would not have been injured .（n
16、ot injure）（2） The man would have been saved if a helicopter had been （be） available.（3） If you come home late you will find（find） the key under the mat .（4） I would have found the house easily if he had given （give） me the correct address.（5） If smoking is forbidden（forbid） illnesses will be reduced
17、 .【Text】Why is the rescue taking so long?Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives. However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse. R
18、escue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule. If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed thejob in a few hours. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they
19、still have a long way to go. Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives. Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon. They have been told t
20、hat rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart. Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours.6个人被困在矿井里已有17个小时了。 be trapped in a mine 被困在矿井a gold mine 金矿 ； work in a mine 在矿场工作 If they are not brought
21、to the surface soon they may lose their lives.如果不把他们尽快救到地面上来，他们就有可能丧生。 be brought to the surface 救到地面上来lose ones life 丧生However, rescue operations are proving difficult.然而，事实证明营救工作非常困难。 rescue （1） v.（从危险等） 救出rescuefrom 救eg：They rescued a boy from drowning . 救了那个落水男孩。eg：The firemen rescued a baby fro
22、m the brining house.消防队员从着火的房屋里救出一名婴儿。（2） n. 救助 go to ones rescue 去营救某人 prove v. 证明、显示出prove + adj. eg：It proves difficult .prove + to be eg：It proves to be fifficult .prove that eg：It proves that it is difficult . 这证明，它是困难的If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collap
23、se.如果用炸药爆破，震动会引起矿顶塌落。 真实条件句Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.因此，营救人员在矿井的北侧钻了一个洞。 on the north side of the mine 在矿井北侧on both sides of the street 在街道两边on the other side of the square 在广场的另一侧They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule.他们准备用一种特制的容器把这6个人救
24、上来。intend to do 打算做某事intend sb to do 打算让某人做某事eg：He intends to study abroad next year . 他打算明年到国外留学。eg：He intends his son to manage the company .他打算让他儿子经营该公司。 bring up （1） 养育、培育、教育eg：Shes brought up three children. 她一个人养大了三个孩子。a well-brought up child 有教养的孩子 a badly-brought up child 没有教养的孩子（2） 提出话题eg：H
25、is new suggestion was brought up at the meeting .他在会议上提出新的建议。If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. 如果不是因为土壤下面有一层坚硬的岩石，他们的营救工作仅用几个小时就可以完成了。 非真实条件句As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way
26、 to go.实际情况是，他们已连续钻了16个小时了，但离钻透还早着呢。 as it is 实际上in fact as a matter of fact 实际上，其实a long way to go （本文中） 离钻透还早着呢three months to go 还有三个月Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives.与此同时，两个小时以前放下井去的一只麦克风使井下的
27、人可以与其亲属保持联系。 enable sb to do 使某人做eg：The new contact enables us to demand whatever we want .新的通讯方式能让我们得到想要的任何东西。 keep in touch with 与保持联系eg：He still keeps in touch with his old friends .他依然与他的老朋友保持联系。 out of touch失去联系eg：Im out of touch with economic conditions now .我不了解现阶段的经济状况。a near touch（a close c
28、all） 千钧一发 closest relatives immediate relatives 直系亲属Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon.虽然他们的食物和饮料都快消耗尽了，但这些人的心情很好，坚信他们很快就会出去。 run out of 耗尽 （use up）run after （chase）eg：A crowed of boys ran after the beggar . 一群男孩追赶着乞丐。run ove
29、r 撞倒eg：That boy was nearly run over by a car . The car nearly hit him.小男孩差一点儿被汽车轧了。run in（新汽车的发动机的） 磨合运转、磨合试车eg：Dont drive so fast . This car hasnt been run in yet . The car must be driven slowly so as not to damage the new engine .别开得这么快这辆车还没有试车。run into 偶遇run across / meet with / come across / mee
30、t by chance / meet by accidenteg：I ran into Helga while I was in Sweden . 我在瑞典时偶遇Helga。They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly.他们一直被告知营救工作进行得非常顺利。If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.如果他们知道了钻透那坚硬的岩石有多么困难，他们会丧失信心的。非真实条件句 d
31、rill through 钻透lose heart 失望 lose ones nerve含有run 的短语 Exercises 用正确的动词填空 ：1.I ran into an old friend of mine in a restaurant yesterday . ran into v. 跑进2. While driving to work yesterday . I petrol and had to walk to a garage . ran out of 用尽、缺乏3. This car will have to be serviced as soon as it has be
32、en run in. run in 试车, 飞机向目标的飞行, 插入部分, 争论, 顺便访问4. Shes been taken to hospital . She was run over by a car . run over辗过、撞倒5. I ran after him , but I could not catch him . ran after v. 追赶(追求)新东方补充： 【Special Difficulties】 与run有关的短语run out of 用完，耗尽They are running out of food and drink.He has run out of
33、money.run after 追赶，追逐Seeing that his sister was annoyed, he ran after her to apologize.run over 在驶过/辗过The car ran over a snake/his legs.run in 试车，试转（发动机等）John is running his new car in.Run in the engine before you start work.run into 偶然碰见I ran into Mary and Jane in the flower shop.He ran into Sterli
34、ngs while travelling in Italy.a. since b. ago c. for d. since then2. Vcollapse.a. make it b. make it toc. do it to d. do it3. They are running out of food . They .a. have none b. have s lot c. havent much d. cant eat it4. One day I a. came across 偶然遇见b. came about v. 发生(转身, 改变方向)c. came after 跟在后面d.
35、 came at v. 达到(袭击, 弄清)1. Key structures：真实条件句及非真实条件句真实条件句 ：（1）当表示对现在事实做相反假设：从句 ：一般过去时主句：would do（2） 当表示对过去事时做相反假设从句：过去完成时主句：would have done2. Main Points：be trapped in 陷入, 贮藏在 . 里lose ones life 失去生命enable sb to do sth 使某人能做某事run out of 用完keep in touch with 和某人保持联系1. When / While the cats away, the m
36、ice will play . 猫儿不在,老鼠作怪。 主人外出仆人作怪Scarborough fair Are you going to Scarborough FairParsley , sage , rosemary and thymeRemember me to one who lives thereShe once was a true love of mineTell her to make me a cambric shirt（On the side of a hill in the deep forest green ） Parsley , sage rosemary and t
37、hyme（Tracing of sparrow on the snow crested brown） Without no seams nor needle work（Blankets and bedclothes the child of the mountain） Then shell be a true love of mine（Sleeps unaware of the clarion call）Tell her to find me an acre of land（On the side of a hill a sprinkling of leaves） Parsley , sage
38、 , rosemary and thyme（Washes the grave with silvery tears）Between the salt water and the sea strand（A soldier cleans and polishes a gun）Then shell be a true love of mineTell her to reap it with a sickle of leather（War bellows blazing in scarlet battalions） Parsley , sage , rosemary and thyme（Generals order their soldiers to kill）And gather it all in a bunch of heather（And to fight for a cause theyve long ago forgotten ） Then shell be a true love of mineAre you going to Scarborough fairParsley , sage , rosemary and thymeRemember me to one who lives thereShe once was a true love of mine专心-专注-专业