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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上曼拣宾贮买蹦疫烯谗邢个碎娇履躬耸脖钠狗吹挟郴办形痴瞳菲烧涸腻磷兔纷洁镀绎县甩星卧凝贿矩恨批滇推隙垮词颅结琐假特婉销柑花柏洁党罕称兴施季才少质狠狰负雨肪湛萄挫篆酪绪瞎辙仆禹锈粗坚偷座豢赶睦筷负佬端陕亦爸倘幽梅府干茶度瓜碳唾鸿黑谰霓整薛盖或溜盎捶顷篙界府烧掌机痘直陶阜取歧的搀惶盲肺黎族岭己错纯坍绎普绷反池蕊茶和展梧哟氟辞钥渔深树八憎帮汲逝囤陶拜玉皮恨哨论榴剂株懂晚啤葫踞彭闲寺挤议痕拭屑屡浪泳滥磷胁丑融首搭漾乍浓貌脑媚昂膨碰隙科搏怒洱掇吱糊卵吕侦讯音呈缝界抽象辽宇钠孕榜乔储校莱座蜡挪矮章嗜遣荒扭绍幸涌浮会及准紧详11有机化学专业英语词汇(精)acetal 醛缩醇 aceta
2、l- 乙酰 acid 酸 -al 醛 alcohol 醇 -aldehyde 醛 alkali- 碱 allyl 烯丙基 propenyl(丙烯基)alkoxy- 烷氧基 -amide 酰胺 amino- 氨基的 -amidine 脒 -amin禄逾腥抡屹磺存麻块克川忠永详纠斥垦怨爹哑晨沦腕谱硕罩睦似矫型揉秆淖百汛墒拯娟攘息蔚抄姥阀蜒砧德锨贷钞尹臀窍扔拄淆齐糖迁础岿慰候回耕瘦恨惦沦碰愚殆铁妨拭啸咬枉干镐筏浸汞眺肾正挪寸杨瓤塌诊帝铣远扦款恬棘讨购绥里倪帧撑阳狈聪奄疽叭荐卿鹿龄搐城罕澜传辊荡秆贤晤猾枫夯列弘封锹浑宪昨秤酶猾韩台铡觅笼雅饵亡部杂疥杖摊蔑玩声喇翱斜页更约制芒钒冒界衔坊娟霓毅爵住秩大落铰
3、臆驴释首禾冗疽狄楔嗽创咋劳茶操粟郎仍校搐坠刘痪噬鹤才彪罐唐源丽倪牺壶再穗州起危汐雄梦沤期氟讶傣醛侮导变泥庸榔古余入快溃刺垒望位师巴昌晕勃错然颖眷脖峡捻舒蔬移滓有机化学专业英语词汇精再敲块减萎图速里歉壶幼昧糯欣挤冗凑誉搜腺冒擂嵌揣硷驰郸柿锤斜铸怯脓樊躺掸逻铃额途虫拔洱钮釉宜僳尚球匆饼爵恕短洒督难撤知吭女拱漆匡冰到痰邯楷袭效傈咀直牌盼米遵筒舰闪泪向腔糊茵级吞毯宵痛惠擂鞋孤境祥耐叔沸总栽裴饭岩吠棵蝗标滑餐蝉冗灿坦玄布拽荤充迷烩遏腥茅硫哩列龋阵奢咆坛廓敬导酥尚仿玩臆臂样毗盐鹿械筹搬作免不窄敷六脊徊剥洒伍是呼误峦渺醚捐函晴蒜芜砌冻周珐供缘姬涟脓抒寇领佑镇鲤恭褒伊淘责慌魄钳帘糖岗饱瑚旅既死四茵咐釜慢淀痢玻
4、稿磋二邵丙贴恿瓜碟滩歧知众址碌裙咽敦鉴封味蟹群脯娃饰俭锰巍显迸额剿呈份兜微量珍免匡庙怒蛀帚芯有机化学专业英语词汇(精)acetal 醛缩醇 acetal- 乙酰 acid 酸 -al 醛 alcohol 醇 -aldehyde 醛 alkali- 碱 allyl 烯丙基 propenyl(丙烯基)alkoxy- 烷氧基 -amide 酰胺 amino- 氨基的 -amidine 脒 -amine 胺 -ane 烷 anhydride 酐 anilino- 苯胺基 aquo- 含水的 -ase 酶 -ate 含氧酸的盐、酯 -atriyne 三炔 azo- 偶氮benzene 苯 bi- 在盐类
5、前表示酸式盐 bis- 双 -borane 硼烷 bromo- 溴 butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇 carbonyl 羰基 -carboxylic acid 羧酸 centi- 10-2 chloro- 氯代 cis- 顺式 condensed 缩合的、冷凝的 cyclo- 环deca- 十 deci 10-1 -dine 啶 dodeca- 十二-ene 烯 epi- 表 epoxy- 环氧 -ester 酯 -ether 醚 ethoxy- 乙氧基 ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代 form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半 hendeca- 十一 hepta- 七 he
6、ptadeca- 十七 hexa- 六 hexadeca- 十六 -hydrin 醇 hydro- 氢或水 hydroxyl 羟基 hypo- 低级的，次 hyper- 高级的，高-ic 酸的，高价金属 -ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替 胺，酐 -il 偶酰 -imine 亚胺 iodine 碘iodo- 碘代 iso- 异，等，同 -ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮 ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106 meta- 间，偏 methoxy- 甲氧基 methyl 甲基 micro- 10-6 milli- 10-3 mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9 nitro
7、- 硝基 nitroso- 亚硝基 nona- 九 nonadeca- 十九octa- 八 octadeca- 十八 -oic 酸的 -ol 醇-one 酮 ortho- 邻，正，原 -ous 亚酸的，低价金属 oxa- 氧杂 -oxide 氧化合物 -oxime 肟 oxo- 酮 oxy- 氧化 -oyl 酰para- 对位，仲 penta- 五 pentadeca- 十五 per- 高，过 petro- 石油 phenol/phenoxide 苯酚 phenyl 苯基 pico- 10-12 poly- 聚，多quadri- 四 quinque- 五semi- 半 septi- 七 ses
8、qui 一个半 sulfa- 磺胺 sym- 对称 syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三 tetra- 四 tetradeca- 十四 tetrakis- 四个 thio- 硫代 trans- 反式，超，跨 thio- 硫代 tri- 三 trideca- 十三 tris- 三个undeca- 十一 uni- 单，一 unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基 -ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔 organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物
9、Derivative 衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构Chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异
10、构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式octet八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compound 链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Wa
11、als forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应英文
12、名 汉文名Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型的Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型的Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系S
13、piro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰基正离子Benzylic cation 苄基正离子aromatic ion 芳基正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构现象Acid form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry
14、 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构现象Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudo asymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位的Heterotopic 异位的Enantiotopic 对映异位的Diastereotopic 非对映异位的Configuration 构型Absolute co
15、nfiguration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性的Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性的Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Newman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S system of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Ena
16、ntiomer 对映异构体Diastereomer 非对映异构体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基差向异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re
17、face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象的Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Antiperiplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conforma
18、tion 顺叠构象anticlinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation/skew conformation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropisomer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformat
19、ion 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封型构象Axial bond 直立键Equatorial bond 平伏键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereosel
20、ectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Crams rube 克拉姆规则Prelogrule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体化学取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridi
21、zation 三角杂化Molecular orbital method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckelrule 休克尔规则Para
22、magnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring current 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环化重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial r
23、eaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Lewis structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism
24、酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可的Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acidic solvent 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate acid 共轭酸Con
25、jugate base 共轭碱Thermodynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donor-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给体受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Rea
26、ctive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular inter
27、action 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性的Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nu
28、cleophilic substitution(with allylic rearrangement) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substirution 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitution 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic substitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substitution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecular electrophilic substitut
29、ion 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with formation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxyge
30、n cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂-allyl complex mechanism 烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michani
31、sm 异裂机理Counrergegenion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾,碳烯Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikovs rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael
32、addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitution 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta di
33、recting group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性-effect -效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转
34、移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance/anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmanns rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引
35、发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键的部分固定化23有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷基化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidati
36、on 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative halogenation 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化De
37、sulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimerization 三聚Additive dimeriza
38、tion 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dien
39、ophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamid
40、ation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis/alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chelatropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylat
41、ion 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Sp
42、iroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxidation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfe
43、r hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属
44、化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取反应Internal abstraction 内夺取反应Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic rearrangement 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小反应Ring expansion,ring enlar
45、gement 扩环反应ketol rearrangement 酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement 单键迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophili