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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上必修4 Unit 1A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped peop
2、le understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up
3、 and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worth
4、while. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years obse
5、rving and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first fe
6、w months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monk
7、ey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She ha
8、s argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. Its te
9、rrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, Arent they lucky? And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget . She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own envi
10、ronment, gaining a doctors degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK?I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did n
11、ot know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China. By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in womens diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen ca
12、reer, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. One of them caught my eye. It was a smallbook explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies. She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness. Why did she wri
13、te that? Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice? I looked carefully at the text andrealized that it was intended for women in the countryside. Perhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor. Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical tr
14、aining at that time. That was a generation when girls education was always placed second to boys. Was she so much cleverer than anyone else? Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school. What made her succeed la
15、ter on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a days work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her. By now I could not wait to find out more about her. I discovered that Lin Q
16、iaozhi had devoted her whole life to her patients and had chosen not to have a family of her own. Instead she made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered. By this time I was very excited. Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work? It was still not too
17、late for me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entrance examinations, and.必修4 Unit 2A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Although he is one of Chinas most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer,（=regard/treat/look on/think of himself as a farmer 把他自己看成是个农民） for he works the l
18、and(耕种土地) to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pione
19、er in the world to grow rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain. Born into a poor farmers family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduate
20、d from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger（have a strong hunger for sth.有强烈得到某物的欲望） was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countrys
21、ide. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding （expand sth. Into sth.把扩展为）the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced. These increased h
22、arvests mean that 22% of the worlds people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to （幸亏/由于/因为=because of =owing to =as a result of =due to）his research,
23、 the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesnt care about being famous. He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much
24、rather keep time for his hobbles. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him . (=doesnt make any sense to 对他来说意义不大) Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more r
25、ather than fewer troubles. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice
26、was as huge as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who love
27、s and cares for his people.CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING? Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use
28、 of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to peoples health. What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and under
29、ground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. In addition
30、（另外）(in addition to除之外=besides), fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals. With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers ar
31、e beginning to turn to（转向，求助于） organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural was
32、te from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals. Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in ea
33、ch field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use dif
34、ferent levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the grounds surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fert
35、ilizer for the next years crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or peoples health.必修4 Unit 3A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOUR As Victor Hugo once said, Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face, and up
36、to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. He brightened the lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives. Not that Charlies own
37、life was easy! He was born in a poor family in 1889. His parents were both poor music hall performers. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. Such training was common in acting families at this time, especially when t
38、he family income was often uncertain. Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off(现在分词短语作结果状语), so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother. By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England. He
39、 could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. No one was ever bored watching him（作时间状语=when they watched him） -his subtle acting made everything entertaining. As time went by, he began making films. He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known
40、 throughout the world. The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat. He walked around stiffly carrying a walking stick. This character was a social failure but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulti
41、es. He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him. How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? Here is an example from one of his most famous films, The Gold Rush. It is toward the end of nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in Alaska. Like so m
42、any others, the little tramp has rushed there in search of(作状语，还可作表语) gold, but without success. Instead he and another man are hiding in a small hut during a snowstorm with nothing to eat(作结果状语). They are so hungry that the little tramp tries boiling one of his leather shoes for dinner. Charlie cut
43、s off the leather top of the shoe and shares the shoe with the other fellow. he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe as if it were the finest steak. Then he picks out the lace of the shoe and eats it as if it were spaghetti. He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. The acting is so co
44、nvincing (convine sb. of sth./ sb. that )that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted! Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he starred in. In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films. He lived in England and the USA but sp
45、ent his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977. He is loved and remembered as (作为被记住) a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence.ENGLISH JOKES1 There are thousands of jokes which use play on words to amuse us. One person asks a question which expects a particular re
46、ply. Instead, what he gets is another kind of answer which makes the situation funny. Now read some of these customer and waiter jokes. Can you match the joke with the explanation? 1 C: Whats that fly doing in my soup? W: Swimming, I think!2 C: Whats that? W: Its bean soup.C: I dont want to know wha
47、t its been. I want to know what it is now.3 C: Waiter, will the pancakes be long? W: No, sir. Round. 2 Some jokes are longer and tell a short, funny story. The following is one of those jokes about the famous detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Doctor Watson. Read it and decide which of these t
48、wo kinds of jokes you like better. Give your reasons. Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson went camping in a mountainous area. They were lying in the open air（在露天） under the stars. Sherlock Holmes looked up at（抬头望） the stars and whispered, Watson, when you look at that beautiful sky, what do you think of? Watson replied, I t