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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 英语四级阅读理解专项训练1art III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully befo
2、re making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.One
3、 in six. Believe it or not, thats the number of Americans who struggle with hunger. To make tomorrow a little better, Feeding America, the nations largest(36) hunger-relief organization, has chosen September as Hunger Action Month. As part of its 30 Ways in 30 Days program, its asking (37) across th
4、e country to help the more than 200 food banks and 61,000 agencies in its network provide low-income individuals and families with the fuel they need to (38) .Its the kind of work thats done every day at St. Andrews Episcopal Church in San Antonio. People who (39) at its front door on the first and
5、third Thursdays of each month arent looking for God theyre there for something to eat. St. Andrews runs a food pantry (食品室) that (40) the city and several of the(41) towns. Janet Drane is its manager.In the wake of the (42) , the number of families in need of food assistance began to grow. It is (43
6、) that 49 million Americans are unsure of where they will find their next meal. Whats most surprising is that 36% of them live in (44) where at least one adult is working. “It used to be that one job was all you needed,” says St. Andrews Drane. “The people we see now have three or four part-time job
7、s and theyre still right on the edge(45) .”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A) accumulateB) circlingC) communitiesD) competitionE) domesticF) financiallyG) formallyH) gatherI) householdsJ) recession K) reportedL) reviewedM) servesN) surroundingO) surviveSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a
8、 passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corres
9、ponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Universities Branch OutA)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educat
10、ing the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability
11、.B)In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering co
12、urses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.C)Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number o
13、f students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to dev
14、eloping countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America
15、s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.D)U
16、niversities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United St
17、ates, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunityand providing the financial resources to make it possible.E)Gl
18、obalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghais Fudan Uni
19、versity, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists fro
20、m both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xus Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.F)As a result of its str
21、ength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based s
22、cience and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model
23、, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.G)For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians
24、 recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences
25、and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per
26、 year.H)American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing internationalunderstanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the leve
27、ls of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and busin
28、ess leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.I)Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nations well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that f
29、oreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States andlike immigrants throughout historystrengthe
30、n the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and s
31、tability as welcoming international university students.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.47.Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate
32、of 3.9 percent.48.The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness.49.The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization.50.Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the Un
33、ited States, twenty percent come from foreign countries.51.The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.52.The U.S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years.53.Around the world, governments encour
34、age the model of linking university-based science and industrial application.54.Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration.55.When foreign students leave America, they will bring American values back to their home countries.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages
35、in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions
36、56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Kofi Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.The report, to be
37、 released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition (营养不良) and heat-related health problems.But even before its release, the re
38、port drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double b
39、y 2030.Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forums report was “a methodological embarrassment” because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much large
40、r losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable (易受伤害的) regions. Dr. Pielke said that “climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention.” But the report, he said, “will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters becaus
41、e it is so deeply flawed (有瑕疵的).”However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in
42、Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbi
43、ng the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。56. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?A) Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to globa
44、l warming.B) Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development.C) Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries.D) Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters.57. What do we learn about the Forums report from the passage?A) It caused a big stir in d
45、eveloping countries.B) It was warmly received by environmentalists.C) It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles.D) It was challenged by some climate and risk experts.58. What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forums report?A) Its statistics look embarrassing.B) It deserves our closest atten
46、tion.C) It is invalid in terms of methodology.D) Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated.59. What is Soren Andreasens view of the report?A) Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.B) It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined.C) It will give rise to heated dis
47、cussions at the Copenhagen conference.D) Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.60. What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?A) How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced.B) How rich countries can better help poor r
48、egions reduce climate hazards.C) How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale.D) How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Its an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says no because the boiler could go, or the roof fall off, and we