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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit 1 Are You a 1960s Type Student?If you can remember anything about the 1960s, you werent really there, so the saying goes. It may be true for those who spent their college years in a haze of marijuana smoke. But there is one thing everyone remembers about the 1960s: Going to college
2、 was the most exciting and stimulating experience of your life.有这么一种说法：“要是你能记得20世纪60年代的任何事情，你就没有真正经历过那段岁月。”对于在大麻烟雾中度过大学时光的那些人，这话可能是真的。但是，20世纪60年代有一件事人人都记得，那就是：上大学是你一生中最激动人心、最刺激的经历。In the 1960s, Californias colleges and universities had transformed the state into the worlds seventh largest economy. H
3、owever, Berkeley, the University of Californias main campus , was also well-known for its student demonstrations 英 demnstren and strikes , and its atmosphere of political radicalism 英 rdk l z m . When Ronald Reagan ran for office as governor of California in 1966, he asked if Californians would allo
4、w a great university to be brought to its knees by a noisy, dissident 英 ds d nt minority 英man r ti. The liberals 英 lb r l replied that 20世纪60年代，加州的高校把本州变成了世界第七大经济实体。然而，加州大学的主校园伯克利分校也以学生示威、罢课以及激进的政治氛围而著名。1966年，罗纳德里根竞选加州州长，他问加州是否允许“一所伟大的大学被喧闹的、唱反调的少数人征服。”自由派人士回答说，大学之所以伟大正是因为它们有能力容忍喧闹的、唱反调的少数人。Much of
5、the protest was about the Vietnam War. But in France, the students of the Sorbonne in Paris managed to form an alliance la ns with the trade unions and to launch a general strike, which ultimately brought about the resignation 英 rezgnen of President de Gaulle.在欧洲的大学校园里，大学生以新的姿态和激情投人到争取自由和正义的事业中去，大规模
6、的社会主义或共产主义运动引发了他们与当权者之间日益升级的暴力冲突。许多抗议是针对越南战争的。可是在法国，巴黎大学的学生与工会联盟，发动了一场大罢工，最终导致戴高乐总统辞职。to college meant your first taste of real freedom, of late nights in the dorm or in the Junior Common Room, discussing the meaning of life. You used to have to go to college to read your first forbidden book, see y
7、our first indie 英 ndi film, or find someone who shared your passion, for Jimi Hendrix or Lenny Bruce. It was a moment of unimaginable freedom, the most liberating 英 lb re t in your life:20世纪60年代大学生活的特点并不仅仅是激进的行动。不论在什么地方，上大学都意味着你初次品尝真正自由的滋味，初次品尝深更半夜在宿舍或学生活动室里讨论人生意义的滋味。你往往得上了大学才能阅读你的第一本禁书，看你的第一部独立影人电影
8、，或者找到和你一样痴迷吉米亨德里克斯或兰尼布鲁斯的志同道合者。那是一段难以想象的自由时光，你一生中最无拘无束的时光。But wheres the passion today? Whats the matter with college? These days political, social and creative awakening seems to happen not because of college, but in spite of it. Of course, its true that higher education is still important. 可如今那份激情
9、哪儿去了？大学怎么了？现在，政治、社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭借大学的助力，而是冲破其阻力才发生的。当然，一点不假，高等教育仍然重要。 For example, in the UK, Prime Ministercynic 英 sn k would say that this was to keep them off the unemployment statistics. Yet college education is no longer a topic of great national importance. Today, college is seen as a kind of s
10、mall town from which people are keen to escape. Some people drop out, but the most apathetic stay the course because its too much effort to leave.例如，在英国，布莱尔首相几乎实现了到2010年让50的30岁以下的人上大学的目标（即使愤世嫉俗的人会说，这是要把他们排除在失业统计数据之外）。不过，大学教育已不再是全民重视的话题了。如今，大学被视为人们急于逃离的一种小城镇。有些人辍学，但大多数已经有些麻木，还是坚持混到毕业，因为离开学校实在是太费事了。In
11、stead of the heady atmosphere of freedom which students in the1960s discovered, students today are much more serious. The British Council has recently done research into the factors which help international students decide where to study. In descending order these are: quality of courses, employabil
12、ity prospects, affordability, personal security issues, lifestyle, and accessibility. College has become a means to an end , an opportunity to increase ones chances on the employment market, and not an end in itself, which gives you the chance to imagine, just for a short while, that you can change
13、the world.没有了20世纪60年代大学生所发现的令人头脑发热的自由气氛，如今的大学生要严肃得多。英国文化协会最近做了一项调查，研究外国留学生在决定上哪所大学时所考虑的因素。这些因素从高到低依次是：课程质量、就业前景、学费负担、人身安全问题、生活方式，以及各种便利。大学已变成实现目的的手段，是在就业市场上增加就业几率的一个机会，上大学本身不再是目的，不再是给你提供一个机会，让你暂时想象一下：你能够改变世界。童年与大学之间的距离已缩小了，大学与现实世界之间的距离也缩小了。其中的一个原因可能和经济有关。在一个没有保障的世界里，现在的许多孩子依赖父母资助的时间比以前的孩子更长。Students
14、 leaving university in the 21st century simply cannot afford to set up their own home because its too expensive. Another possible reason is the communications revolution. Today students are umbilically linked to their parents by their cell phones. And as for finding like-minded friends to share a pa
15、ssion for obscure literature or music, well, we have the Internet and chat rooms to help us do that.21世纪的学生大学毕业后根本无法自立门户，因为那太昂贵了。另一个可能的原因是通讯革命。儿子或女儿每学期往家里打一两回电话的日子一去不复返了。如今，大学生通过手机与父母保持着脐带式联系。至于寻找痴迷无名文学或音乐的同道好友，没问题，我们有互联网和聊天室来帮助我们做到这一点。Bliss was it in that dawn to be alive,But to be young was very h
16、eaven!Wordsworth may have written these lines about the French Revolution; but they were also true for the students of the 1960s. So why arent they true for the students of today?“幸福啊，活在那个黎明之中，年轻更是如进天堂！华兹华斯的诗句说的可能是法国大革命，但是对于20世纪60年代的大学生而言，这样的诗句同样真实生动。可是为什么对于如今的大学生来说，它们就不真实了呢？Unit 3 Stolen IdentityCa
17、tch Me If You Can“Frank never went to pilot school, medical school, law school, . because hes still in high school.”That was the strapline of the 2002 film Catch Me If You Can, which tells the story of Frank Abagnale, Jr. (Leonardo DiCaprio, a brilliant young master of deception who at different tim
18、es impersonated a doctor, a lawyer, and an airplane pilot, forging checks worth more than six milliondollars in 26 countries. He became the youngest man to ever make the FBIs most-wanted list for forgery . Hunted and caught in the film by fictional FBI agent Carl Hanratty (Tom Hanks, Abagnale later
19、escaped. He eventually became a consultant for the FBI where he focused on white-collar crime.Its a great film, but could it happen in real life? In fact, Catch Me If You Can is based on the true story of Frank Abagnale, whose career as a fraudster lasted about six years before he was caught, who es
20、caped from custody 英 kst di three times (once through an airplane toilet, and who spent a total of six years in prison in France, Sweden and the US. He now runs a consultancy advising the world of business how to avoid fraud. He has raised enough money to pay back all his victims , and is now a mult
21、i-millionaire.Since 2003, identity theft has become increasingly common. Few people could imagine how important things like taking mail to the post office and not leaving it in the mailbox for pickup, shredding documents instead of throwing them out with the trash, even using a pen costing a couple
22、of buck s, have become to avoid life-changing crimes.More and more people are becoming anonymous 英 n n m s victims of identity theft. We spend many hours and dollars trying to recover our name, our credit, our money and our lives. We need to look for different ways to protect ourselves. We can impro
23、ve our chances of avoiding this crime, but it will never go away.Its not just a list of dos and donts, we need to change our mindset . Although online banking is now commonplace, theres a significant group of people in the country the baby boomers, 15 per cent of the population who still prefer to u
24、se paper. Whats more, 30 per cent of cases of fraud occur within this group. A check has all the information about you that an identity thief needs. If you use a ballpoint pen, the ink can be removed with the help of a regular household chemical and the sum of money can be changed. More than 1.2 mil
25、lion bad checks are issued every day, more than 13 per second.Check fraud is big business . and growing by 25 per cent every year. Criminals count on our mistakes to make their jobs easier. So how can we prevent identity theft before it happens to us?Take a few precautions. Dont leave your mail in y
26、our mailbox overnight or over the weekend. Thieves wait for the red flag to go up, so they can look through your outgoing mail for useful personal information or checks. Use a gel pen for checks and important forms, the ink is trapped in the fiber of the paper, and it cant be removed with chemicals:
27、 Also, shred or tear up all documents which contain personal information before you putthem in the trash.Remember that there are plenty of online opportunities for thieves to create a false identity based on your own. Were all aware of the risks to personal information on computer databases by hacki
28、ng and Trojan horses. But choosing someone and doing a Google search can also yield large amounts of personal information, and so can online social networking sites such as MySpace, Facebook and Bebo. And just as we take our pocketbook with us when we leave the office to go to the bathroom, its also
29、 worth logging off your computer to avoid opportunistic theft.Finally, if you get robbed in a more traditional way in the stree t canceling your credit cards is obviously the first thing to do. But dont forget that even after theyre reported lost, they can be used as identification to acquire store
30、cards . and you get the criminal record.Identity fraud can go on for years without the victims knowledge. There is no escaping the fact that right now fraudsters are finding identity crime all too easy. If you havent had your identity stolen, its only because they havent got to you yet. Your turn wi
31、ll come.窃取的身份“弗兰克从未上过飞行学院、医学院、法学院因为他还在上高中。”这是2002年的电影有种来抓我的剧情简介。影片讲述了小弗兰克阿巴格纳尔（莱昂纳多迪卡普里奥饰演）的故事。影片主人公是一位聪明绝顶的年轻骗术大师，曾在不同时间扮演医生、律师和飞行员的角色，在26个国家伪造了价值600万美元以上的支票。他成了联邦调查局有史以来伪造罪头号通缉令名单上最年轻的通缉犯。在影片中，阿巴格纳尔被虚构的联邦调查局特工卡尔汉拉提（汤姆汉克斯饰演）追捕，但后来逃脱了。他最终成了联邦调查局专攻白领犯罪的顾问专家。有种来抓我是一部很棒的电影，但影片中的事情会在现实生活中发生吗？其实，有种来抓我是根据
32、弗兰克阿巴格纳尔的真实故事改编的，他的行骗生涯持续了大约六年；被抓后，曾三次逃脱监管（有一次是从飞机的厕所逃走的）；在法国、瑞典和美国的监狱中总共度过了六年时光。他现在经营一家咨询事务所，为企业界提供防造假咨询。他挣到了足够的钱，赔付了所有的受害者，如今已是大富豪。2003年以来，身份盗窃案变得越来越常见。很少有人会想象到，为了预防这种改变人生的犯罪，采取一些预防措施有多么重要，比如把邮件拿到邮局去寄而不是丢在信箱里等人来取、把文件切碎而不是直接把它们连同垃圾一道扔出去，甚至使用几美元一支的（特效）笔等等。越来越多的人正在成为身份盗窃案的无名受害者。我们花费许多时间和金钱，去努力挽回我们的姓名
33、、我们的信用、我们的钱和我们的生活。我们需要想方设法来保护自己。我们可以减少此类犯罪的机会，但是它永远不会消失。这不仅仅是要求我们列一份“该做”和“不该做”事项的清单，我们还需要改变心态。虽然网上银行现在很常见，但国内有一大群人即占人口15的生育高峰时期出生的一代人还是更喜欢用纸。而且，30%的诈骗案都发生在这群人当中。支票上有身份盗贼所需的你的全部信息。如果你用圆珠笔，笔迹可以用一般的家用化学药品除去，钱数可以更改。每天发出的空头支票高达120万张以上，平均每秒13张以上。支票造假是个大产业每年以25的速率增长。犯罪分子指望我们犯错误，好让他们更容易得手。那么我们怎样才能防患于未然呢？采取一
34、些预防措施。不要把你的邮件留在邮箱里过夜或过周末。小偷就等着看你家信箱的小红旗（注：在美国，信箱上插上小红旗表示有邮件需要投递），以便通过你要投递的邮件找寻有用的个人信息或支票。要用签字笔填写支票和重要表格，（因为）签字笔的墨水会渗进纸张的纤维中，无法用化学药品除去。还有，切碎或撕碎含有个人信息的所有文件，然后再把它们丢进垃圾桶。记住，网上有大量机会可以被小偷利用。他们根据你的身份伪造假身份。我们都知道黑客行为和木马软件对电脑数据库中个人信息的威胁。但是在谷歌上搜索某人也会透露大量个人信息，在线社交网站（如“我的空间”、“相册”和“毕波”）也一样。正如我们离开办公室去厕所时要随身带上钱包一样，
35、离开电脑时也应该注销你的电脑以防临时起意的盗窃。最后一点，假如你遭遇较传统方式的抢劫一比如在大街上一挂失你的信用卡显然是要做的第一件事。但是别忘了，即使挂了失，信用卡也可以用作身份证件来获得购物卡那你就有了犯罪记录。身份伪造可以肆行多年而不为受害者所知。一个无法回避的事实是：现在的诈骗者觉得身份犯罪简直是太容易了。如果你的身份尚未失窃，那只是因为他们还没有对你动手。就会轮到你的。Making the headlines1 It isnt very often that the media lead with the same story everywhere in the world. Suc
36、h an event would have to be of enormous international significance. But this is exactly what occurred in September 2001 with the terrorist attack on the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York. It is probably not exaggerated to say that from that moment the world was a different place.世界各地
37、的媒体都以头条报道同一新闻的情形并不很常见。 这样的事件得具有巨大的国际影响力。 但是这正是2001年9月恐怖分子袭击纽约世贸中心双塔之后发生的情形。 从那一刻起世界改变了模样，这样说也许并不夸张。2 But it is not just the historical and international dimension that made 9/11 memorable and (to use a word the media like newsworthy . It was the shock and horror , too. So striking, so sensational ,
38、was the news that, years after the event, many people can still remember exactly where they were and what they were doing when they first heard it. They can remember their own reactions : For many people across the globe their first instinct was to go and tell someone else about it, thus providing c
39、onfirmation of the old saying that bad news travels fast.但是，使9/11值得纪念并（用媒体喜欢的话来说）具有新闻价值的不仅仅是它的历史性和国际性。 还有震惊和恐惧。 这一消息极度震撼，极具爆炸性。事发多年以后，许多人还能清楚地记得他们第一次听到这一消息时身在何处、当时正在做什么。 他们能记得自己的反应：对世界各地的许多人来说，他们的第一本能是去把这一消息告诉别人。这就证实了那句老话：“坏事传千里”。3 And so it is with all major news stories. I remember when I was at p
40、rimary school the teacher announcing pale-faced to a startled class of seven year olds President Kennedy is dead. I didnt know who President Kennedy was, but I was so upset at hearing the news that I went rushing home afterwards to tell my parents (who already knew, of course. In fact, this is one o
41、f my earliest memories.一切重大新闻都是如此。 我记得上小学的时候，老师脸色煞白地向一班吃惊的七岁孩子通报说，肯尼迪总统死了。 我并不知道肯尼迪总统是谁，但是我听到这一消息后非常不安，后来就跑回家去告诉了父母（当然，他们已经知道了）。 事实上，这是我最早的记忆之一。4 So what exactly is news? The objective importance of an event is obviously not enough there are plenty of enormous global issues out there, with dramatic
42、consequences, from poverty to global warming but since they are ongoing , they dont all make the just international, but odd , unexpected , and (in the sense that it was possible to identify with the plight of people caught up in the drama very human.那么，新闻到底是什么？ 一个事件光有客观重要性显然还不够世界上有大量全球性的大问题，都会造成戏剧性
43、的后果，从贫困问题到全球变暖问题但由于它们都是进行中的，并不都会在同一天成为头条。对比之下，9/11不仅具有国际性，而且奇特怪异、出人意料，还（可能使读者对身陷那场悲剧中的人们的痛苦感同身受，从这个意义上讲）极具人性。5 Odd doesnt mean huge. Take the story in todays China Daily about a mouse holding up a flight from Vietnam to Japan. The mouse was spotted running down the aisle of a plane in Hanoi airport.
44、 It was eventually caught by a group of 12 technicians worried that the mouse could chew through wires and cause a short circuit. By the time it took off the plane was more than four hours late.奇特怪异并不意味着重大。 就拿今天的中国日报上关于一只老鼠延误了一架从越南飞至日本的航班这条消息为例吧。 在河内机场有人发现那只老鼠在一架飞机的过道里奔跑。 它最终被12 名技术人员合力逮住，他们怕它会咬破电线，
45、造成短路。 飞机晚点了四个多小时才起飞。6 Not an event with momentous international consequences, you might say, (apart from a few passengers arriving late for their appointments in another country, but there are echoes of the story across the globe, in online editions of papers from Asia to America, via Scotland (Mous
46、e chase holds up flight, in the Edinburgh Evening News.你也许会说，这并不是具有重大国际影响的事件（除了少数乘客到另一国赴约迟到以外）。但是全球却颇有反响，从亚洲经苏格兰到美洲的电子版报纸都有转载（爱丁堡晚报的标题是捉老鼠延误航班）。7 Another element of newsworthiness is immediacy . This refers to the nearness of the event in time. An event which happened a week ago is not generally new
47、s unless youve just read about it. When is one of the five wh questions trainee journalists are regularly told that they have to use to frame a news story (the others are who, what, where and why; today, this morning, and yesterday are probably at the top of the list of time adverbs in a news report
48、. Similarly , an event which is about to happen (today, this evening or tonight may also be newsworthy, although, by definition, it is not unexpected and so less sensational. 新闻价值的另一个元素是即时性。 这是指事件发生的时间近。 一周前发生的事件一般来说就不是新闻了除非你刚刚读到它。 “何时”是受训记者常被教导用以勾勒新闻故事的五个“何”问题之一（其余是“何人”、“何事”、“何地”和“何故”）；今天、今晨、昨天很可能在新闻报道所使用的时间副词中名列前茅。 同样，即将发生的事件（今天、今晚或今夜）也可能具有新闻价值，虽然，从定义上讲，它不出人意外，也就不那么耸人听闻了。8 When it comes to immediacy, those media which can present news in real time, such as TV, radio, and the Internet, have an enormous advantage over the press. To see an event unfolding in front of your