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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上这里所说的标准大气指人为规定的、特性随高度平均分布的大气。我国在建立自己的标准大气之前,使用1976年美国标准大气,并以其30 km以下部分作为国家标准。海平面温度15.0 ,气压 P=1013.25 hPa,大气密度:1.225kg/m3,地面至11km对流层的气温垂直递减率:0.65/100m,标准海平面加速度9.80665m/s2 11-20km平海面,温度不变, 气温为56.5 气压价格P=226.32mb, 海拔1120公里的气温变化率:0.0/公里, 海拔2032公里的气温变化率:+1.0/公里下表列出不同高度处标准大气的气温、气压值。表中“gpm”为海拔
2、米,其负号代表海拔以下。(gpm)气温气压hPa(gpm)气温气压hPa(gpm) 气温()气压(hPa)-40017.6 1062.2 4800 -16.2 554.810000-50.0264.4-20016.31037.55000-17.5540.210200-51.3256.4015.01013.35200-18.8525.910400-52.6248.620013.7989.55400-20.1511.910600-53.9241.040012.4966.15600-21.4498.310800-55.2233.660011.1943.25800-22.7484.911000-56.
3、5226.38009.8920.86000-24.0471.811500-56.5209.210008.5898.76200-25.3459.012000-56.5193.312007.2877.26400-26.6446.512500-56.5178.714005.9856.06600-27.9434.313000-56.5165.116004.6835.26800-29.2422.313500-56.5152.618003.3814.97000-30.5410.614000-56.5141.020002.0795.07200-31.8399.214500-56.5130.322000.77
4、75.47400-33.1388.015000-56.5120.52400-0.6756.37600-34.4377.115500-56.5111.32600-1.9737.57800-35.7366.416000-56.5102.92800-3.2719.18000-37.0356.017000-56.587.93000-4.5701.18200-38.3345.818000-56.575.03200-5.8683.48400-39.6335.919000-56.564.13400-7.1666.28600-40.9326.220000-56.554.73600-8.4649.28800-4
5、2.2316.722000-54.540.03800-9.7632.69000-43.5307.424000-52.529.34000-11.0616.49200-44.8298.426000-50.521.54200-12.3600.59400-46.1289.628000-48.515.94400-13.6584.99600-47.4281.030000-46.511.74600-14.9569.79800-48.7272.632000-44.58.7标准等面(hPa): 1000,850,700,500,400,300,250,200,150,100,70,50,30,20,10标准大气压力:相当于温度为0,标准重力加速度为9.80665ms-2 、水银密度为1.35951104kgm-3的条件下,高度为760mm的汞柱对其底面单位面积(1cm2)上垂直作用的力,即1标准大气压 = Pa = 1013.25hPa = 760mmHg 这一气象学上的定义,已在工程学上得到广泛应用。专心-专注-专业