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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit 13 Were trying to save the earth! 我们正在设法挽救地球一、 重点短语写出下列短语的中文意思be full of close down throwinto clean up play a part in throw away cut down instead of make a difference lead to hear of cut off not onlybut also be harmful to the food chain at the top of scientific study take part in h
2、elp out turn off pay for add up take action put sth. to good use pull . down turn upside down bring sb. back to have a creative mind waste time doing win a prize ( for ) set up be known/famous for build/make . out of as usual 写出下列短语的英文1. 充满 2. 关闭 3. 扔进 4清理,打扫 5. 在起作用 6. 扔掉 7. 减少 8. 代替 9. 起作用;有影响 10.
3、 导致 11. 听说 12. 切断 13. 不但而且 14. . 对有害 15. 食物链 16.在顶部或顶端 17 .科学研究 18 . 参加 19.帮助解决难题 ,帮助摆脱困境 20. 关掉 21为。付钱;付出代价 22. 加起来 23.采取行动 24.好好利用某物 25 .拆下, 摧毁 26. 上下颠倒 27. 恢复, 唤起 , 归还 28. 有一个创新的头脑 29. 浪费时间做某事 30. 赢得奖 31. 创建 32. 因而著名 33. 从改造 34. 和往常一样 默写以下重点单词乱扔 底部 煤 丑陋的 优点,优势 花费,成本 公众的 木制的 塑料的 外卖的,外卖食品 残忍的 有害的 工
4、业,行业 法律 科学的 买得起 可重复使用的 再利用 大门 总统,主席,负责人 金属 鼓舞人心的人或事物 使遭受危险 P99 3b 濒临灭绝的 P101 1a 单词变形:V - N. V - N. Pollute- sing - Farm- travel -Act- drive -Protect- run - Inspire- write - Build- Create- N. - adj. N. - adj. Fame - rain - Wood - cloud - Science - help -Health - luck -South - color -Care - day -Adj.
5、- N. Sunny - noisy - harmful - Beautiful - different - important - Woolen - Adj. - Adv.Slow - wide- sudden -Real - quick - true - Possible - happy - loud - Quiet - heavy - easy - Angry - good - recent- 按要求写单词: 前缀 re- 表示 “重新”, 前缀 un- 表示 “不”Think - 重新思考, use - 重新使用 cycle- 回收 write- 重写usual- 不平凡的 impor
6、tant- 不重要的comfortable 不舒服的 kind 不和蔼的二【本单元语法】现在进行时;used to句型;被动语态;现在完成时;情态动词。1. 现在进行时(1)含义:表示正在发生或进行的动作,表示现阶段一直进行的动作,表示主语的特征、性格、能力(2)谓语动词构成方式:be + 动词现在分词(be 的形式随主语的变化而变化)She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. (说话时并未学,表示现阶段处于学钢琴的状态.)We are trying to save the earth. 我们正在设法挽救地球. (说话时并未挽救,表示现阶段处于挽救的状态.)W
7、e are waiting for you now. (表示说话时正在等)She is lively. 她很活泼。 (表示性格)特殊用法:Im leaving for Beijing next week. (我下周要去北京) 表示位移的动词可以用现在进行时表示将来表示位移的动词可以用现在进行时表示将来 Were flying to Paris tomorrow.(我们明天乘飞机去巴黎) 2. used to do句型 -过去常常做某事used to意为“过去常常做某事”,指的是过去的习惯性动作,used to是个情态动词,其中的to是不定式符号,后面跟动词原形。 He used to stay
8、 up late. 他过去常熬到很晚。 一般疑问句:Used he to stay up late? 否定句:He used not to stay up late.It used to be so clean. 它过去是那么干净比较: be used to doing 习惯于做某事 She is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning. 3. 现在完成时(1)含义:表示过去发生的动作对现在还有影响, 或者表示动作发生在过去或一直延续到现在,还可能继续下去。或者表示一种“经历或体验”,即可以表示经历过也可以是从来都没有经历过(2)谓语动词结
9、构: have / has + 动词 过去分词Someone (break) the window. 有人把窗户打破了。(结果:窗户仍破着。)He (teach)in our school for 30 years. 他在我们学校教书已有30年了。He (be) to theUSAthree times. 他已经去过美国三次了。(表示一种经历)He never (be)to Beijing.他从没有到过北京(表示没有经历过)(3)句中出现already, since, for , just,yet,ever,never,so far等词时,常与现在完成时连用He already (get) h
10、er help.他已得到她的帮助。He just (see)the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。He (come) back yet.他还没有回来This is the best film I ever (see).这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He never (been)to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。She (pass)the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。She (live)in Changsha since 1995.The twins (wash)the clothes for an hour. 4. 被动语态谓语动词构成方式:be +动词过去分词
11、 (be动词有时态的变化)主要掌握以下几种时态的被动语态谓语构成(1)一般现在时的被动语态:am / is / are + 过去分词 The river is polluted by the factories.(2)现在完成时的被动式: have / has + been + 过去分词 The air has been really polluted around here.(3)一般过去时的被动式:was / were + 过去分词 It was considered the nicest river in town.(4)含有情态动词的被动式:情态动词+be +动词的过去分词。 Have
12、 you ever thought about how these things can be put to good use? 你曾经考虑过这些东西要怎样才能好好利用吗?5情态动词 can, could, may, might, must, should情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,如认为“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等。情态动词本身有一定的意义,但不能单独作谓语,也没有人称和数的变化。后面一般跟动词原形。We should help save the sharks. 我们应该帮助挽救鲨鱼。Everyone in this town should play a part in cl
13、eaning it up.我们镇上的每个人都应该尽一份力把这条河清理干净。We shouldnt use paper napkins .我们不该用餐巾纸。三 背一背本单元重点句型以及知识点1. harmful 形容词,意为“有害的”。常构成短语be harmful to “对有害的” = do harm to “对有害”。Too much smoking does harm to his health. = Too much smoking is harmful to his health. 吸烟过多对他的健康有害。2. 辨析:join, join in 和take part in Join
14、+ 加入组织成为其中的一个成员+ sb 加入某人当中一起参加某活动join in 加入一种具体活动take aprt in 指参加会议或群众性活动等 例如:Will you in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论吗? She the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。 Why didnt you the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈?Did you the sports meet? 你参加运动会了吗?3. afford的用法 afford是动词,意为“买得起,担负得起”,通常与can, could, be able to连用, They
15、 couldnt afford a house. 他们买不起房子。 afford to do sth。 有足够的钱干。 (cant afford to do 没有足够的钱做某事)We cant afford to go abroad this summer. 今年夏天我们没有足够的钱出国4. Not only but also 意为 “不但而且”,其中also可以省略遵循以下两个原则 (1) 就近原则:not onlybut also.连接两个主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上要与but also 的主语保持一致。(2) 倒装原则:not onlybut also连接两个并列分句时, not onl
16、y 置于句首,其引导的句子要用部分倒装,即将谓语动词的一部分(情态动词,助动词等)放在主语的前面,而but also后的句子用正常语序。 (前倒后不倒) Not only he but also I (be)interested in pop music. Not only I (feel)good about helping people, but also I spend time doing what I love to do.5. 辨析:need to be done; need doing与need to do need doing (主动形式表示被动意义) = need to be
17、 done 需要被 My watch needs repairing. =My watch needs to be repaired.我的表需要修了。The baby needs washing hands . = The baby needs to be washed need后加不定式to do “需要做某事” He needs to get up early. 他需要早起。6. turn 相关短语:turn off 关掉, turn into 变成, turn on 打开, turn down 调低, turn up 调高 , turn upside down 把。倒放, turn ar
18、ound 转身, turn out to be 结果是, turn over 移交重点句式:Section A: 1. We are trying to save the earth. 我们正在竭尽全力挽救地球。try to do = try ones best to do 设法做某事2. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. It used to be so clean.甚至河底都充满垃圾。 它过去是那么干净。be full of 充满 used to do 过去常常做。3. But people are littering in
19、 the river. 但是人们在河里乱扔。(litter 乱扔- V. 垃圾-N. ) litter 指可以回收的垃圾, rubbish - 不能回收的垃圾4. Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up.我们镇上的每个人都应该尽一份力把这条河清理干净。Play a part in在。方面起作用,在。中扮演角色5. The air has become really polluted around here. (has become polluted = has been polluted 现在完成时的被动语态) 这附
20、近的空气被严重污染了。6. To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.为了减少空气污染, 我们应该乘公汽或地铁,而不要开车。Cut down 减少 instead of 代替7. Its good for health and it doesnt cost anything. 它对健康有好处并且不花费任何东西。辨析:cost,spend, take, pay forcost (过去式:cost 过去分词:cost)表示“花费 ”时, 主语是物,spend 表示“花费”,主语是人t
21、ake 表示“花费”时,用于 句型“It takes sb some time to do sth”pay for 表示为。付钱eg: The coat cost me 200 yuan. = I spent 200 yuan on this coat. I paid 200 yuan for this coat. It took me two hours to finish my homework. 8. Our action can make a difference and lead to a better future. 我们的行动能产生影响并且通向一个更好的将来。 make a di
22、fference ( to) 对。产生影响,lead to 通向9. Many have heard of Sharks fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is especially popular in southern China. 很多人听说过鲨鱼鳍汤。这道著名而又昂贵的菜在华南尤其盛行。 (hear of 听说, southern 南部的 )10. When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the shark back into the ocean. 当人们抓到
23、鲨鱼时,就回割断他们的鳍然后将鲨鱼扔回大海。 ( cut off 割断, throw back 扔回 )11. A shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. 鲨鱼可能不能再游泳,就会慢慢死亡。 再也不: no longer = notany longer (侧重时间)no more = notany more (侧重数量) He no longer lives here. = He doesnt live here any longer. (侧重时间) You can drink no more = He cant drink any more. (侧
24、重数量)12. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. Not only but also 不但。而且。(连接并列成分,also可以省略) He can not only sing well, but ( also )dance well. Not only I but also you (be)invited yesterday. (连接两个主语时,注意谓语采用就近原则)Not only the poor man ( fine 罚款)but also had been sent to the pr
25、ison. 这个可怜的人不但被罚了款,而且还被送进了监狱。 Be harmful to对。有害13. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the strongest in their food chain. 很多人相信鲨鱼永远都不会濒临危险因为他们在食物链中是最强壮的。 (endanger vt. 使遭到危险 )14. But in fact, around 70 millon sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year. 但事实
26、上,每年大约七千万条鲨鱼被抓来用作商业交易。are caught and traded 被抓并被交易 (被动语态)15. The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. 有些种类的鲨鱼数量在过去的二三十年里,下降了百分之九十以上。 (注意下降或上升了多少比例要用介词by )16. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat
27、 them?到目前为止,没有科学研究证明显示鱼翅对健康有益, 所以为什么要吃呢?17. Its difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation. 对于带小孩的父母使用公共交通是很困难的。Section B:18. Recycling paper is really easy. 回收再利用纸很容易。 (recycle 动词,动词不能做主语,一定要变成动名词 recycling 才能做主语)19. But its hard to stop riding in cars. 但是停止开小汽车是很难的。20 .
28、We shouldnt use paper napkins . 我们不该用餐巾纸。21.Turn off the lights when you leave a room. 当你离开房间时关掉灯。22. Do you often throw away things you dont need any more. 你常常扔掉你不再需要的东西吗?23.Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use?你曾经考虑过怎样能让这些东西被好好利用吗?(can be put 情态动词被动语态)24. Sh
29、e lives in a house in the UK that she built herself out of rubbish. 她住在英国的一个房子里,这个房子是她用垃圾亲自建造的 that 引导后面的句子是个定语从句,修饰house build / makeout of 用。建造25. The top of the house is an old boat turned upside down. 屋顶是一个倒翻转过来的小船。 (turned upside down 是一个过去分词短语修饰boat,表示被动)26. Amy is an inspiration to us all. Am
30、y. 能鼓励我们所有的人 Inspiration 鼓励人心的人 - inspire Vt. 鼓励27. Amy isnt the only one who is good at recycling. 艾米并不是唯一善于回收利用的人 (who is good at recycling 是个定语从句修饰one )28. She has been doing this for a few years now. 她做这事已经有好几年了。 has been doing 是 现在完成进行时 (表示动作从过去开始一直延续到现在而且还正在做)29. Wangtao set up a small busines
31、s in Shanghai four years ago. 王涛四年前在上海创立了小宗生意。30 The more popular works can be seen in art shops around the city. 在这个城市的四周能够看见更受欢迎的的作品 (works 作品)16.Not only can the art bring happiness to others,but it also shows that even cold,hard iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity. 艺术不仅能带给别人快乐,而且也说明了只需要一点创造力,即使是冰冷、坚硬的铁也可以产生活力。Bring back 恢复,唤起,归还 Not only 引导一个句子放句首,要用部分倒装,即将 情态动词,助动词等放在主语的前面Not only my aunt (teach )at school, but also she wrote articles (文章)for newspapers. 专心-专注-专业