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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上1、The Colonial Period（1607-1765）American Puritanism ( in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th)北美第一位女诗人Anne Bradstreet(宗教气息，夫妻恩爱)Edward Taylor 都受英国玄学派影响（metaphysical）2、The Enlightenment and Revolution PeriodBenjamin Franklin:Poor Richards Almanac The Autobiography-“美国梦”的根源3
2、、American Romanticism（end of 18th to the civil war）American writers emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature.早期浪漫主义Washington Irving father of American Literature 短篇小说James Fenimore Cooper 历史，冒险，边疆小说The Leather-stocking Tales文明发展对大自然的摧残与破坏William Cullen Bryant 美国第一个浪漫主义诗人T
3、o a Waterfowl美国山水，讴歌大自然，歌颂美国生活现实Edgar Allan Poe -(48 poems,70 short stories)He greatly influenced the devotees of “Art for arts sake.”He was father of psychoanalytic criticism , and the detective story.Ralph Waldo Emerson-The chief spokesman of New England TranscendentalismAmerican Transcendentalism
4、 (also known as “ American Renaissance” ) It is the high tide of American romanticism Transcendentalists spoke for the cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of American society.Nature-the Bible of Transcendentalism by Emerson Self-Reliance表达他的超验主义观点Henry David Thoreau- Waldenhe regarded
5、nature as a symbol of spirit.Thoreau was very critical of modern civilization.小说家：Hawthorne-赞成超验He is a master of symbolism The Scarlet Letter红字Melville 怀疑，悲观，sailing experiences Moby Dick百科全书式性质/海洋作品/动物史诗诗人Longfellow I Shot an Arrow.A Psalm of Life第一首被完整地介绍到中国的美国诗歌Whitman （Free Verse-without a fixe
6、d beat or regular rhyme scheme ） Leaves of Grass Ones Self I SingO Captain! My Captain!song Dickinson inner life of the individual -died for beauty4、The Age of RealismJames upper reaches of American society. 一位女士的肖像inner world of manHowells, concerned himself chiefly with middle class life.Twain the
7、 lower strata of society. humor and local colorism American Naturalism 自然主义（新型现实）Stephen Crane；Maggie: A Girl of the StreetsThe Red Badge of CouragepessimisticTheodore Dreiser；Sister Carrie；Jennie Gerhardt；An American Tragedy(Trilogy of Desire)O.Henry (William Sydney Porter)：The Gift of the Magi；The
8、 Cop and the anthemJack London：The Call of the Wild；Martin Eden5、The Modern Period The 1920s-1930s ( the second renaissance of American literature)The Roaring Twenties ，The Jazz Age ，“lost”(Gertrude Stein) and “waste land”(T.S.Eliot)现代主义小说家F. Scott Fitzgerald：The Great Gatsby 被视为美国文学“爵士时代”的象征，以美国梦Am
9、erican Dream为主线。Hemingway迷惘一代Iceberg Principle (Theory):The dignity of movement of the iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water. The Sun Also Rises 1926The Old Man and the Sea William Faulkner ：Yoknapatawpha Country-以故乡为原型虚构南方贵族家庭的没落 The Sound and the Fury 取自莎士比亚的麦克白Anderson ：Winesb
10、urg, Ohio ，又称“小镇畸人”现代主义诗人：Two characteristic strains：introspection自省&social criticismImagism 意象派Pound：In a Station of the MetroCantosStevens：Anecdote of the JarThe Man with the Blue GuitarWilliams: T.S.Eliot: 浪漫派：Frost：The Road Not TakenStopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Hughes：-Poet Laureate of Harlem，Harlem Renaissance 开创黑人文学Dreams 梦想Border Line 分界线6、当代，后现代时期The Post-War Period（The Beat Generation ，Black Humor，寻找自我）Ellison（黑人）： Invisible Man 看不见的人-“寻找自我”主题的代表作Allen Ginsberg（Jewish）：Howl跨掉的一代代表作Heller：Catch-22 第二十二条军规-黑色幽默代表作JDSalinger（Jewish）:Catcher in the RyeBellow（Jewish）: 专心-专注-专业