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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上机械工程专业英语一、 将下列单词译成汉语1. Mechanism（机械，机构，机构学）2. configuration（外形，构造，结构）3. displacement（位移）4. velocity（速度）5. acceleration（加速度）6. gear（齿轮）7. sprocket（链轮）8. pulley（带轮）9. kinematician /dynamics（运动/动力学，力学）10. kinematician（运动）11. cam凸轮12. camshaft凸轮轴13. accuracy精度14. dependability可靠性15. pulley滑
2、轮16. flywheel飞轮17. crank曲柄18. sprocket链轮19. axle心轴20. spindle主轴21. clutche离合器22. brake制动23. shaper牛头刨床24. planer龙门刨25. pulley皮带轮26. flywheel飞轮27. spindle轴28. clutche离合器29. crank曲柄30. sprocket链轮31. axle车轴32. brake制动33. warpage配气机构34. coolant冷却剂二、将下列词组译成汉语1. kinematic chain（运动链）2. skeleton diagram（草图，
3、示意图，简图）3. Gear system/Cam system（齿轮传动系统/凸轮系统）4. uniform motion/nonuniform motion（匀速运动/非匀速运动）5. nonlinear motion（非线性运动）6. kinematic analysis（运动分析）7. schematic diagram（运动简图）8. textile machinery（纺织机械）9. Kinematic design/ kinematic syntheses（运动设计/运动合成）10. machine design（机械设计）11. Gear trains/ Cam mechani
4、sms（轮系，齿轮传动链/凸轮机构）12. dynamic force/inertia force/ static force（动力/惯性力/静力）13. relative velocity/ absolute velocity（相对速度/绝对速度）14. angular acceleration/ tangential acceleration/ centripetal acceleration/ velocity vector（角加速度/切向加速度/向心加速度/速度矢量）15. binary link/ ternary link（二杆组/三杆组）16. the base circle（基圆
5、）17. the pitch curve（啮合曲线）18. the contact force（接触力）19. the intermittent motion（间歇运动）20. the common normal（公法线）21. the conjugate profiles（共轭齿廓）22. the cycloidal profiles （摆线齿形）23. the involute profiles（渐开线齿形）24. the spur gear（直齿轮）25. the herringbone gears（双螺旋齿轮）26. the face gear（端面齿轮）27. the radial
6、distance（径向距离）28. the addendum circle（齿顶圆）29. The tooth thickness（齿厚）30. the tooth space（齿间隙）31. the cap screws（螺钉）32. the setscrews（固定螺丝钉）33. the engineering graphics（工程力学）34. mechanical design（机械设计）35. the installation techniques（安装技术）36. the bolted joint（螺栓连接）37. the hardened washers（强化垫圈）38. the
7、 fatigue resistance（抗疲劳强度）39. the modulus of elasticity（弹性模量）40. the antifriction bearing（减摩轴承）41. the rolling bearing（滚动轴承）42. the rolling contact （滚动接触）43. the sliding contact（滑动触电）44. the corrosion resistance（抗腐蚀性）45. the machining tolerances（加工公差）46. the fatigue loading（疲劳载荷）47. the radial loads
8、（径向负荷）48. the thrust loads逆负荷49. the ball bearing球轴承50. the roller bearing滚子轴承51. the single-row bearings单沟轴承52. the double-row bearing双沟轴承53. the needle bearing滚针轴承54. the bearing life轴承寿命55. The rating life额定寿命56. the axis of rotation旋转轴57. The helix angle螺旋角58. a right-hand helix 右旋59. a left-han
9、d helix左旋60. an involute helicoids螺旋面61. an involute curve渐开线62. the shaft centerlines轴中心线63. worm gear蜗轮64. the hypoid gear准双曲面齿轮65. right angle直角66. worm gearing蜗杆传动67. the lead angle导角68. shaft angle轴线角度69. bending load弯曲载荷70. tension load张力负荷71. compression load压缩负载72. torsional load扭转负荷73. the
10、bending moment弯矩74. the bending stress弯曲应力75. the shot peening喷丸法76. the actuating force工作力77. the coefficient of friction摩擦系数78. An electromagnetic coil电磁线圈79. the magnetic circuit磁路 80. the design specifications中国设计规范81. the industrial engineering工业工程82. the machining industry加工行业83. the machine s
11、hops机器商店84. machine tool机床85. angular displacements角位移86. The electric motor电机87. transmission Linkage传输连接88. the cutting force切削力89. the static loads静态负荷90. the dynamic loads动态载荷91. the grinding wheel砂轮92. lubricating oil润滑油93. the cutting fluids切削液94. protective guards防护装置95. the cutting tool刀具96.
12、 the range of feeds进给量97. engine lathes普通车床98. turret lathes六角车床99. the boring machine镗床100. the drilling machines钻床101. the milling machines铣床102. the broaching machines绞孔机；拉床103. the sawing machines锯床104. the cylindrical grinder外圆磨床105. the centreless grinders无心磨床106. the surface grinders平面磨床107.
13、the chemical milling铣削108. the ultrasonic machining超声波加工109. a tool holder刀架110. a compound rest复式刀架111. the feed screw丝杆112. the feed rod光杆113. The feed box进给箱114. power feed进给115. the full depth大切削深度116. thread cutting螺纹切削117. a chasing dial螺纹指示盘118. the forward stroke冲程119. the return stroke回程120
14、. the clapper box摆动刀架121. the hydraulic shaper液压牛头刨床122. the universal machines通用机械123. universal joints万向节124. Tracer milling仿形铣125. the master pattern模型126. the acceleration of gravity重力加速度127. conducting material导电材料128. non-conducting material绝缘材料三、 将下列短语译成汉语1. Plane and spatial linkages（平面和空间连杆
15、）2. constrained kinematic chain/unconstrained kinematic chain（约束运动链/非约束运动链）3. closed-loop linkage（闭环运动链）4. four-bar linkage（四连杆机构）5. slider-crank (or crank and slider) mechanism（曲柄滑块机构）6. internal combustion engine（内燃机）7. the kinematic analysis of mechanisms（机构运动分析）8. degree of freedom of the mechan
16、ism（机构自由度）9. kinematic analysis process /kinematic synthesis process（运动分析步骤/运动合成步骤）10. input angular velocity（输入角速度）11. input angular acceleration（输入角加速度）12. automatic packaging machinery（自动包装机）13. cam-contour dimensions/cam-follower diameters（凸轮轮廓尺寸/凸轮从动件直径）14. mechanical analog computer（机构模拟计算机）15
17、. dead-center position（死点位置）16. crank-rocker linkage/double-rocker linkage/double-crank (drag-link) linkage（曲柄摇杆机构/双摇杆机构/双曲柄机构）17. maximum force component/ resulting output force or torque（最大的力量组成/输出的最大力或力矩）18. output motion variables/input motion variable（输出运动变量/输入运动变量）19. absolute angular position
18、s（绝对角位置）20. velocity polygon method（速度的多边形的方法）21. instantaneous center method/instant center method（瞬心法/即时瞬心法）22. inertia-force analysis of mechanisms and machines（机构和机器的惯性力分析）23. one and the same coordinate system /inertia frame of reference（惯性参考系）24. systematic design of mechanisms（机械设计的系统）25. cam
19、-contour dimensions/cam-follower diameters（凸轮轮廓尺寸/凸轮从动件直径）26. disk or plate translating (two-dimensional or planar) 盘形传动凸轮（两维的，即平面的）27. cylindrical (three-dimensional or spatial) cams圆柱形凸轮（三维的，即空间的）机构28. a radial (in-line) translating roller follower一个对心直动滚子从动件29. a constant angular velocity ratio旋转
20、角速度的比例30. a constant torque ratio一个恒转矩比31. Nonlinear angular velocity ratios非线性角速度比率32. the parallel helical gear平行斜齿轮33. the crossed helical gear交叉斜齿轮34. the straight bevel gear直锥齿轮35. the spiral bevel gear弧齿锥齿轮36. the skew bevel gear大角度斜交锥齿轮37. the hexagon head screws六角头螺钉38. the fillister head sc
21、rews槽头螺钉39. the flat head screws 平头螺钉40. the hexagon socket head screws内六角沉头螺钉。41. the external tensile load外部拉伸载荷42. the external shear load外部剪切负荷43. The single-row deep-groove bearing单列深沟轴承44. The angular-contact bearing角接触轴承45. the self-aligning bearings自动调心轴承46. the straight roller bearings直滚子轴承
22、47. the spherical-roller thrust bearing球形辊止推轴承48. the tapered roller bearings圆锥滚子轴承49. the condition of statical equilibrium浅析条件下平衡50. the positive-contact clutches强制接触离合器51. the overload-release clutches超载释放保护离合器52. the overrunning clutches超越离合器53. the magnetic fluid clutches磁流变离合器54. the metal rem
23、oval rate金属去除率55. the universal thread-grinding machine通用螺纹磨床56. the straightness of machine tool slideways机床工具导轨的直线度57. The adhesive property of oil润滑油的粘度58. the single-point cutting tools单点切削工具59. the multipoint cutting tools多点切削工具60. the random-point cutting tool任意点切削工具61. tracing and duplicating
24、 lathes仿形车床62. single-spindle automatic lathes单轴自动车床63. multi-spindle automatic lathes多轴自动车床64. the gear-cutting machine齿轮切削机床65. the special metal removal methods特种加工66. the electrical discharge machining电火花加工67. the operating mechanisms of the shaper牛头刨床的操作机构68. the mechanically driven shaper机械传动牛
25、头刨床69. the infinitely variable cutting speeds平滑调整切削速度70. the upright drilling machines立式钻床71. the radial drilling machines摇臂钻床72. the plain radial drilling machines平面摇臂钻床73. the multispindle drilling machine多轴钻床74. the telescoping splined shaft花键轴的伸缩75. an knee and column type of milling machine铣床的升
26、降台式76. Fixed-bed milling machines固定床铣床77. the hardened tool steel淬硬工具钢78. a cylindrical grinding machine外圆磨床79. the new material-removal methods新型材料去除工艺四翻译下列句子1. The simplest closed-loop linkage is the four-bar linkage, which has three moving links (plus one fixed link) and four pin joints.（最简单的封闭式的
27、连杆机构就是四杆机构，四杆机构有三个运动构件（加上一个固定构件）并且有四个销轴。）2. Although the four-bar linkage and slider-crank mechanism are very useful and found in thousands of applications, we can see that these linkages have limited performance level.( 虽然四杆机构和曲柄滑块机构是非常有用而且在成千上万的应用中都可找到。但是我们还看到，这些连杆机构其性能水平的发挥已经受到限制。)3. The process
28、of drawing kinematic diagrams and determining degrees of freedom of mechanisms are the first steps in both the kinematic analysis and synthesis process.（画运动图和确定机构自由度的过程，就是运动分析和综合过程的第一个阶段。）4. The ability to visualize relative motion, to reason why a mechanism is designed the way it is, and the abilit
29、y to improve on a particular design are marks of a successful kinematician.（设想相对运动的能力，能推想出之所以这样设计一个机构的原因和对一个具体设计进行改进的能力是一个成功的机构学家的标志。）5. Kinematic inversion is the process of fixing different links of a chain to create different mechanisms.（这个过程的动态反演是固定的,不同的连接创造出不同的机制。）6.There are three customary ta
30、sks for kinematic synthesis: function generation, path generation and motion generation.（对于运功的综合，惯例上有三个任务:函数的生成、轨迹生成和运动生成。）1Although a cam and follower may be designed for motion, path, or function generation, the majority of applications utilize the cam and follower for function generation.虽然可以把凸轮和
31、它的从动件设计为用于运动变换，路径变换或者函数变换，但大多数用途是利用凸轮和它的从动件做函数变换。2. In the case of a disk cam with a radial (in-line) translating roller follower the smallest circle that can be drawn tangent to the cam surface and concentric with the camshaft is the base circle. 对于一个对心直动滚子从动件盘形凸轮，可画出的与凸轮表面相切且与轮轴同心的最小圆是基圆译文 P40 13.
32、 Numerous applications in automatic machinery require intermittent motion. A typical example will call for a rise-dwell-return and perhaps another dwell period of a specified number of degrees each, together with a required follower displacement measured in centimeters or degrees.在自动化机械中的许多应用需要间歇运动。
33、一个典型的例子将要求一个含有上升一停歇一返回和可能另一个停歇的周期，每阶段经过一个指定的角度，伴随着一个所要求的从动件的位移，这个位移以厘米或度来度量。译文 P40 24Any two mating tooth profiles that satisfy the fundamental law of gearing are called conjugate profiles. 任何满足齿轮传动基本定律的一对相互啮合齿廓称之为共轭齿廓。5. Although there are many tooth shapes possible in which a mating tooth could be
34、 designed to satisfy the fundamental law, only two are in general use: the cycloidal and involute profiles.虽然可以设计出有很多齿廓来满足传动装置的基本定律，但通常所使用的只有两种：即摆线齿廓和渐开线齿廓。6. Typical methods of fastening and joining parts include the use of such items as bolts, nuts, cap screws, setscrews, rivets, locking devices a
35、nd keys.紧固和联结零部件的典型方法包含使用这些零件：螺栓，螺母，有头螺钉、定位螺钉，铆钉，锁紧装置和键。7. Methods of joining parts are extremely important in the engineering of a quality design, and it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the performance of fasteners and joints under all conditions of use and design.在质量设计工程中，联结零部件的方法
36、非常重要，因此，彻底了解紧固零件和联结零件在所有使用和设计条件下的性能是非常必要的。8. When a connection is desired which can be disassembled without destructing the parts assembled and which is strong enough to resist both external tensile load and shear load, or a combination of these, then the simple bolted joint using hardened washers i
37、s a good solution.当想要一个可以被拆开又不破坏被联接零件的联接时，而且这个联接又要有足够的强度以承受外拉力和剪力或这两种力的结合，使用淬火垫圈的简单螺栓联结是一个很好的方法。9. The problem of the specialist in mechanical design is not how to design a rolling bearing but, rather, how to select one.在机械设计中，专家所面临的问题，不是如何设计轴承，而是如何挑选轴承。10. The term antifriction bearing is used to d
38、escribe that class of bearing in which the main load is transferred through elements in rolling contact rather than in sliding contact.减摩轴承这个词被用于描述这样一类轴承，其主要载荷是通过滚动接触而不是滑动接触的元件传递的11. It is this gradual engagement of the teeth and the smooth transfer of load from one tooth to another, which give heli
39、cal gears the ability to transmit heavy loads at high speeds正是螺旋齿轮，从一个齿到另一个齿的逐渐啮合和载荷的平稳传递，给了螺旋齿轮在高速下传递重载荷的能力12. A shaft is a rotating or stationary member, usually of circular cross section, having mounted upon it such elements as gears, pulleys, flywheels, cranks, sprockets, and other power-transmi
40、ssion elements.轴是一个固定或转动的零件，通常是圆截面的，在它上面安装了如齿轮，带轮，飞轮，曲柄，链轮等零件和其他动力传递零件13. Roughing, for which the metal removal rate, and consequently the cutting force, is high, but the required dimensional accuracy relatively low.粗加工，通常金属切削率和切削力高，但所要求的尺寸精度相对低。14. Machines using basically the single-point cutting
41、tools include: (1) engine lathes, (2) turret lathes, (3) tracing and duplicating lathes, (4) single-spindle automatic lathes, (5) multi-spindle automatic lathes, (6) shapers and planers, (7) boring machines.使用单刃切削刀具的机床主要包括：(1)普通车床，(2)六角车床，(3)仿形车床，(4)单轴自动车床，(5)多轴自动车床，(6)牛头刨床和龙门刨床, (7)镗床。15. Upright d
42、rilling machines or drill presses are available in a variety of sizes and types, and are equipped with a sufficient range of spindle speeds and automatic feeds to fit the needs of most industries.立式钻床或钻孔压力机，具有各种各样的尺寸和类型，为了适合大多数工业的需求，这些机床都装配有充足的轴速范围和自动进给量。16. Chemical milling is controlled etching pr
43、ocess using strong alkaline or acid etchants. Aluminum, titanium, magnesium, and steel are the principal metals processed by this method.化学蚀刻，通过使用强碱或强酸蚀刻剂来控制蚀刻过程，铝，钛，镁和钢是用这种方法处理的主要金属。17. Antifriction bearings are used in a great variety of products, toys, household products, refrigerators, roller st
44、akes, garage doors, trucks, industrial machinery, dental equipments and guided missiles, for example.减摩轴承使用在各种各样的产品中，例如：玩具，家用产品，电冰箱，轧辊座，汽车门，卡车，工业机械，牙医设备和导弹等等。18. The important difference between the two is that area contact exists between the teeth of double-enveloping gears while only line contact
45、between those of single-enveloping gears.这两者之间的重要区别是：在双包围蜗轮组的轮齿间有面接触，而在单包围蜗轮组的轮齿间只有线接触。19. Although positive clutches are not used to the extent of the frictional-contact type, they do have important applications 3 where synchronous operation is required.虽然强制接触离合器不像摩擦离合器用得那么广泛，但在需要同步操作时，它们确实有着非常重要的应
46、用。20. Finishing, for which the metal removal rate, and consequently the cutting force, is low, but the required dimensional accuracy and surface finish relatively high.精加工，通常金属切削率和切削力低，但所要求的尺寸精度和表面光洁度相对高。21. Machines using multipoint cutting tools include: (1) drilling machines, (2) milling machines
47、, (3) broaching machines, (4) sawing machines, (5) gear-cutting machines.使用多刃切削刀具的机床包括：(1)钻床，(2)铣床，(3)拉床，(4)锯床，(5)齿轮切削机床。22. Tracer milling is characterized by coordinated or synchronized movements of either the paths of the cutter and tracing elements, or the paths of the workpiece and model.仿形铣床的特点是刀具和跟踪元件的轨迹运动的协调或同步，或者是工件和模型的轨迹运动的协调或同步。23. The problem of the specialist in mechanical design is not how to design a rolling bearing but, rather, how to select one.在机械设计中，专家所面临的问题，不是如何设计轴承，而是如何挑选轴承。24. The ultrasonic machining process is applied to both conducting and non-condu