《高考非谓语动词单项选择题考点解读(共18页).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考非谓语动词单项选择题考点解读(共18页).doc（18页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高考非谓语动词单项选择题考点解读笔者以考试考点进行编排，便于考生从中了解掌握五年高考对非谓语动词考查的重点，做好对这块知识点的复习迎考工作。动词不定式考点一：不定式的时态和语态大多数情况下不定式以一般式形式出现,但在高考试题中往往会出现时态、语态的形式,如进行式、完成式、被动式等。1.- Is Bob still performing? - Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official（2005江苏卷）A. to have left B. to leave C. to
2、 have been left D. to be left解析：be said to have done的意思为“据说已经做了某事”。动词不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。类似知识点在2006年山东卷和2007辽宁卷中再次考到：Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to_ since the flood hit the area last Friday.(2006年山东卷)A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost 解析：显然“失踪”是在“报
3、道”之前发生的，要用完成式。missing强调状态，get lost短暂性动作不可跟表示一段时间的状语since the flood hit the area last Friday连用。The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. （2007辽宁卷）A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break2.The news reporters hur
4、ried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left.（2004福建卷）A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told解析：动词不定式与 only 连用表示未曾预料的结果，to be told 的意思为“被告之”，用不定式的被动语态.。相同知识点在2005广东卷和2006年的全国II卷中又考到：He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left.（2005广东卷） A. to have found B. finding C. found D.
5、to findHe hurried to the booking office only_that all the tickets had been sold out. (2006年的全国II卷)A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told 3.As the twentieth century came to a close ,the raw matenals for a great nstional literature were at hand,waiting_.(2006湖南卷)A.to use B.to be used C.to have used D
6、.to be using 解析：主语为the raw materials（原材料），与动词use存在被动关系，故选B。类似的知识点是考试的重之重。请看下列各题：It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness_.(2006江西卷)Ato make Bto be made Cmaking Dbeing made 解析：It takes some time for sth/sb to do sth.It为形式主语代替后面的不定式。词组make a connection between A and
7、B：由A联想到B。本句中the connection是不定式的逻辑主语，且存在逻辑上的被动关系。故选B。The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games_in Beijing in 2008. (2006四川卷)A.hold B.holding C.held D.to be held 解析：非谓语动词作后置定语的三种情况：the meeting to be held即将召开的会议，the meeting held已经召开的会议，the meeting being held正在召开的会议。很显然the 29th Olympic Games还没有召开，
8、故选D。It remains _ whether Jimll be fit enough to play in the finals. （2006浙江卷）A.seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see 解析：这是一个主语从句，it做形式主语whether Jimll be fit enough to play in the finals作真正的主语。remain后接to do sth作表语。see与主语从句是被动关系，所以要用 to be seen作 remains的表语。When asked why he went there, he said he was
9、 sent there for a space flight.（2007江西卷） A.training B.being trained C.to have trained D.to be trained解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式表目的，并且主语是动作的承受者。The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _.（2007浙江卷） A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 解析：struggle 后通常
10、接不定式构成struggle to do ,还要考虑被动式的问题。相当于：I had to try my best to make myself heard.考点二：不定式的功能不定式是非谓语动词常见的一种形式，它具有名词的特征，在句子中可以作主语或宾语；具有形容词的特征，在句子中可以作表语、定语或补足语；具有副词的特征，在句子中可以作状语。（一）不定式的形容词性功能1. The last one _ pays the meal. Agreed! （2007全国卷I） A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving 解析：本题考查动词不定式做定语的
11、用法。在the first /the last后接不定式做定语表示“第一个/最后一个的人或者事。2.The teacher asked us _so much noise. （2003北京卷）A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make解析：本题考查不定式的两个知识点。在动词ask后面用不定式作宾语补足语，其否定形式是 not to do。常见的这类动词还有tell ,warn, order ，advise等。3.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been or
12、dered _clear warnings before firing any shots. (03年上海)A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued解析：本句中不定式作主语补足语。order 后应接不定式，即order sb to do sth ,因此B被排除。又因为issue clear warnings的主语是all the soldiers,，也就是说all the soldiers是issue的施动者，所以issue要用主动形式，D也被排除。而且句子也没有强调动作对现在造成的影响，不必用完成时态。（二）不
13、定式的副词性功能1.It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports stars.（2005上海卷） A. had B. having C. to have D. have解析：动词不定式充当目的状语。2.Can the project be finished as planned?Sure, it completed in time, well work two more hours a day.(2005福建卷)Ahaving gotBto
14、 getCgettingDget解析：动词不定式在这里既能表示动作是在将来完成，又能表示目的。3._ more about university courses, call (920)746-3789.（2005浙江卷）ATo find outBFinding out CFind out DHaving found out解析：不定式to find out表目的，后跟祈使句。如“To relax yourself，come to our party” 4. this cake, youll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. (2006广东卷)A
15、. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making 解析：动词不定式作目的状语。（三）不定式的名词性功能1.I dont want _ like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the managers plan is unfair.（2005天津卷） A. to sound B. to be soundedC. sounding D. to have sounded解析：动词不定式作宾语，sound是连系动词不用被动式，与谓语动词更没有时间的先后，这里不能用它的完成式。2.There is nothing more I can
16、 try _ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. （2007上海卷） A. being persuadedB. persuadingC. to be persuaded D. to persuade解析：动词不定式作宾语，try to do sth表示“尽力做某事”。句意：“想劝你留下来我再没什么可说的了，祝你好运。”考点三：不定式的省略不定式的省略我们可以看分作两种，一种是不定式符号“to”后省略实义动词的形式；另一种则是对不定式符号“to”的省略。The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, bu
17、t his mother told him_(NMET2005重庆卷)A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not 解析：tell sb. to do sth. 的意思是“让某人做某事”。在英语中，为了避免重复，常用省略形式，在这个句子中省略了do it。选项 B 如果加上it，也可以选B。考点四：不定式的否定形式The teacher asked us _so much noise.（2003北京卷）A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make解析：本题考查不定式的两个知识点。在动词a
18、sk后面用不定式作宾语补足语，其否定形式是 not to do。常见的这类动词还有tell ,warn, order，advise等。（此题在上文中已经提到过，为了强调该题的考点因而才重复提及。）考点五：不定式的特殊结构1.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _whether he was going in the right direction.(03年安徽春季)A seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see解析：原句应为-and looked as if he was
19、 seeing whether he was-,改为简单句就变成-looked as if to see2.Its a long time since I saw my sister. _ her this weekend? （2007全国卷I） A. Why not visit B. why not to visit C. Why not visiting D. Why dont visit解析：本题考查why（not）+do/why dont you +do表达提议或者建议的用法。根据语境，只能选A项。3.Excuse me sir,where is Room 301? Just a mi
20、nute.Ill have Bob _you to your room. （2007北京卷）A.show B.shows C. to show D. showing 解析：have sb. do sth.让某人做某事，故选A。类似结构在2007江苏卷中再次考到：My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. （2007江苏卷） A. feeling wellB. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good 解析：题意为“我父母一直以来都使我对自己感到不错，即使当我在1
21、2岁的时候”，根据句子意思和feel （为连系动词）good表示“感到不错，感到满意，感到自信”的意思，不难选到D。考点六：独立主格结构I send you 100 dollars today,the rest_ in a year. （2005湖南卷）A. follows B.followed C. to follow D.being followed 解析：今天我先给你寄100美元。其余的钱一年内陆续寄过去。本题测试非谓语动词的用法。the rest和to follow构成独立主格结构。不定式表主动和将来。V-ing分词考点一：v-ing分词名词性功能v-ing分词名词性功能有：在句中充当
22、主语、宾语、表语等。1._the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.(2003上海卷)A.The president will attend B.The president to attendC.The president attended D.The presidents attending 解析：此题为动名词的复合结构在句中作主语,句中the presidents为名词所有格充当动名词attending的逻辑主语。2.Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview
23、._ the answers ready will be of great help.（2005北京卷）A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D.Having解析：动名词“Having the answers ready”作主语。动词不定式也可以做主语，但显然这儿不可用完成形式，所以选A是错误的。3.Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use _ with him.(2006上海卷)A. to argue B. arguing C. argued D. having argue
24、d解析：本题考察非谓语动词中动名词的应用。学生应该记住一些固定语法，如本句中，Its no use + V-ing（做什么事情毫无用处），故选B。4.When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _ at the party, but not _.（2005北京卷）A.to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leave C. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leave解析：remember 接 to do 与doing 做宾语的区别：remember doing 回忆
25、起过去做过的事；remember to do记住要做的事。类似的知识点在2006江西卷中再次考到，但是难度加大：After he became conscious，he remembered_and_on the head with a rod(2006江西卷) Ato attack;hit Bto be attacked；to be hit C. attacking；be hit Dhaving been attacked；hit解析：remember后面跟不定式作宾语表示记住要去做，而跟动名词作宾语表示记得已经做过了，跟动名词的一般式或完成式，意义一致。动名词与其逻辑主语存在着逻辑上的被动
26、关系,故选D，答案中的hit等于having been hit。5.If you think that treating a woman well means always_her permission for things,think again.(2006湖南卷)A.gets B.got C.to get D.getting 解析：mean doing sth意为“意味着做某事”，表示如果你认为对一个妇女好就意味着得到她给你东西的允许。mean to do sth意为“打算做某事”。6.I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She jus
27、t refuses_ talking while she works. (2006北京卷) A. working ; stopping B. to work ; stopping C. working ; to stop D. to work ; to stop stand在这里表示“忍受”，后面要求用动名词作宾语，而refuse要用不定式作宾语。7.It is difficult to imagine his_the decision without any consideration. (2006陕西卷)A.accept B.accepting C.to accept D.accepted
28、 imagine要求用动名词作宾语。该考点在2006江苏卷中再次考到：- There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. （2006江苏卷） - My goodness! I cant imagine _ that old. A. to be B. to have been C.being D. having been imagine要求用动名词作宾语。imagine与动名词没有时间的先后。8.Robert is indeed a wise man. Oh, yes. How often I have regretted
29、 _ his advice! （2007安徽卷） A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking解析：regret doing/having done对做过的事情很后悔，regret not doing/not having done表示对以前未做什么事情而后悔。用动名词作宾语。9. Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow _ here. （2007江苏卷） A. people smokingB. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking解析：题意为“我可以在这里吸烟吗？抱歉
30、，这里不允许吸烟”，根据allow的基本用法allow sb to do和allow doing的结构，选D。用动名词作宾语。10.Isnt it time you got down to_ the papers? （2006重庆卷）A.mark B.be marked C.being marked D.marking 解析：got down to中的to是介词因而要用动名词作宾语，而动名词marking与其逻辑主语you是主动关系。11. You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm. （2007辽宁卷）A.
31、walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking解析：have difficulty in doing sth 结构的一种变化形式。用动名词作介词的宾语。考点二：v-ing分词形容词性功能v-ing分词形容性功能有：在句中充当定语、表语、补足语等。1.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV;there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes. (2004全国卷III)A.to form B.form C.forming D.
32、having formed解析：根据本题提供的语境，“看书时有画面在大脑中形成。”而there are 句子中are是谓语动词，所以本题应填非谓语动词，可排除B项。又因为“看书的同时就会形成”，排除A、D项，故选C，作定语。2.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket_ the desert. (2006湖南卷)A.covering B.covered C.cover D.to cover 解析：现在分词短语作定语=which covers。3. Peter received a letter just now _ his grand
33、ma would come to see him soon. （2007四川卷） Asaid Bsays Csaying Dto say 解析：此句表示信中说到，故用v-ing形式saying表示主动,作定语=which said。4.At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. （2007全国卷II）A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open
34、and close解析：考虑到这句话体现的特定语境：桌子只有正在被一开一关声音才可能被外面的人听到，所以现在分词的被动式做定语。5. I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? （2007全国卷I） A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt 解析：本题考查现在分词做宾语补足语用法。根据语境，可以知道，当时闻到了什么东西正在燃烧，所以请求过一会再给对方打过去电话。sth.与burn是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用smell sth burning。6.
35、After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him. （2007上海卷） A. callingB. calledC. being called D. to call 解析：V-ing常接在感官动词如hear, see, catch, find, smell, feel和某些表“致使”意义的动词keep, have, leave等后作宾语补足语。由题干中的hear可知，空格内应填calling。his mothers voice相当于his mother。考点三：v-ing分词副词性功能v-ing分词副词性功能体现
36、在用来作状语。解题时考虑要用v-ing分词的什么形式。1._in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.(2004 北京卷)A. To wait B.Have waited C.Having waited D.To have waited解析：本题考查现在分词完成式的用法。根据语法规则，当一个句子中前后两个部分被“，”隔开，而前一部分又不是一个完整的句子，则非完整的部分往往需要用非谓语动词，即用分词来连接句子，故排除A、B、D项。从题意可看出，“wait”这个动
37、作发生在主句谓语动作realize之前，故用分词的完成式，即C项。2.The old man,_abroad for twenty years,is on the way back to his motherland. (2004江苏卷)A. to work B.working C. have worked D.having worked解析：从句意来分析，那个老人在国外工作20年后，现在正在返回祖国的路上。很明显，分词短语与主句之间为前后关系。而不定式作状语表目的、结果或条件，此处显然不合适，可先排除A和C项。分词的一般式作状语表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作或伴随状态，故排除B项，只有D项符合
38、题意。3._the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.(2004广东卷)A.Not completing B.Not completed C.Not having completed D.Having not completed解析：此题考查分词的完成式的否定形式的用法，依据题意，“未完成”和“逗留”两者有明显的时间先后，且分词的否定形式应在分词前加not，故选C。4._, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. （2005全国II卷）A. Ge
39、neral speakingB. Speaking generalC. Generally speakingD. Speaking generally解析：现在分词短语作为习语（一般说来）不需要遵守分词的附着规则：分词短语作状语其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则就是“垂悬分词”。该知识点在同一份试卷中又从另一侧面进行了考查：While watching television, _.（2005全国II卷）A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell ri
40、ngswatching television的逻辑主语是we，hear+sb/sth+do听到做了该知识点在2006年全国II卷中再次考到：Faced with a bill for10,000,_.(2006年全国II卷)A.John has taken an extra job B.the boss has given john an extra jobC.an extra job has been taken D.an extra job has been given to John 本题间接考查非谓语动词。过去分词短语作状语其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则就是“垂悬分词”。显然本句中所说
41、欠债的是John 而不是老板。5.“You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ away. (2005年全国II卷)A. runB. runningC. to runD. ranWe often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things. (2006全国III卷)A.thinking B.think C.to think D.thought Dont sit there _ nothing. Come and hel
42、p me with this table. （2006湖北卷) A.do B.to do C.doing D.and doing Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing.（2006江苏卷） A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said He is a student at Oxford University, _ for a degree in computer science. （2007北京卷）A. studied B. studying C. to have