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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高考复习：2010年北京高考英语阅读理解五篇及解析 第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGoldies SecretShe turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. Were moving house.;
2、No space for her any more with the baby coming. We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present. People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.I called her Goldie. If I had known what was going to happ
3、en I would have given her a more creative name. She was so unsettled during those first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owners. But eventually
4、at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side, whether we were out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire.Thats why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very
5、 restless. Eventually I couldnt hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could.By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies (幼犬) I started to feel sympathy towards
6、them. We didnt know what had happened to her, said the woman at the door. I took her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared. She must have tried to come back to them and got lost, added a boy from behind her. I must admit I do miss Goldie, but Ive got Nugget n
7、ow, and she looks just like her mother. And Ive learnt a good lesson: not to judge people.56. How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house?A. Shocked. B. Sympathetic. C. Annoyed. D. Upset.57. In her first few days at the authors house, Goldie .AI felt worried B. was angryC. ate
8、 a little D. sat by the fire58. Goldie rushed off to a farmhouse one day because she .A. saw her puppies B. heard familiar barkingC. wanted to leave the author D. found her way to her old home59. The passage is organized in order of .A. time B. effectiveness C. importance D. complexityBOpen Letter t
9、o an EditorI had an interesting conversation with a reporter recently-one who works for you. In fact, hes one of your best reporters. He wants to leave.Your reporter gave me a copy of his resume (简历) and photocopies of six stories that he wrote for you. The headlines showed you played them proudly.
10、With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he finds issues (问题), approaches them, and writes about them, which tells me he is one of your best. Im sure you would hate to lose him. Surprisingly, your reporter is not unhappy. In fact, he told me he really likes his job. He has a great assignment (分工),
11、 and said you run a great paper. It would be easy for you to keep him, he said. He knows that the paper values him. He appreciates the responsibility youve given him, takes ownership of his profession, and enjoys his freedom.So why is he looking for a way out?He talked to me because he wants his edi
12、tors to demand so much more of him. He wants to be pushed, challenged, and coached to new heights.The reporter believes that good stories spring from good questions, but his editors usually ask how long the story will be, when it will be in, where it can play, and what the budget is.He longs for con
13、versations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what hes doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. Thats what you want
14、 for him, too, isnt it?So your reporter has set me thinking.Our best hope in keeping our best reporters, copy editors, photographers, artists-everyone-is to work harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential. If we cant do it, theyll find someone who can.60. What
15、does the writer think of the reporter? A. Optimistic. B. Imaginative. C. Ambitious. D. Proud.61. What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?A. Finding the news value of his stories. B. Giving him financial support.C. Helping him to find issues. D. Improving his good ideas.62. W
16、ho probably wrote the letter?A. An editor. B. An artist. C. A reporter. D. A reader.63. The letter aims to remind editors that they should _A. keep their best reporters at all costsB. give more freedom to their reportersC. be aware of their reporters professional developmentD. appreciate their repor
17、ters working styles and attitudesCPacing and PausingSara tried to befriend her old friend Steves new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didnt hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem
18、 had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing.Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, theres no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before Im finished or fail to take your turn when Im finished. Thats what was happening with Betty and Sara
19、.It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she m
20、et a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abil
21、ities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Departm
22、ent got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in-and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course b
23、ecause of her inability to speak up.Thats why slight differences in conversational style-tiny little things like microseconds of pause-can have a great effect on ones life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems-even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered wha
24、t was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.64. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her?A. Betty was talkative.B. Betty was an interrupter.C. Betty did not take her turn.D. Betty paid no attention to Sara.65. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shorte
25、st pauses between turns?A. Americans. B. Israelis. C. The British. D. The Finns.66. We can learn from the passage that _A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacingB. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the USC. ones inability to speak up is culturally dete
26、rmined sometimesD. one should receive training to build up ones confidence67. The underlined word assertiveness in the last paragraph probably means _A. being willing to speak ones mindB. being able to increase ones powerC. being ready to make ones own judgmentD. being quick to express ones ideas co
27、nfidentlyDThe Cost of Higher EducationIndividuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people
28、 have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universi
29、ties. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the ac
30、ademics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their
31、 own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that
32、 the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individua
33、l, not the government, who should pay for their university education.68. The underlined word them in Paragraph 2 refers toA. taxpayers B. pressing callsC. college graduates D. government resources69. The author thinks that with full government fundingA. teachers are less satisfiedB. students are mor
34、e demandingC. students will become more competentD. teachers will spend less time on teaching70. The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order toA. argue against free university educationB. call on them to finance students studiesC. encourage graduates to go into businessD. show their contr
35、ibution to higher education第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MuzakThe next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? 71 Its similar to the music you listen to, but its not exactly the same. Thats because this music was especia
36、lly designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you dont even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.Quiet background music used to be called elevator (电梯) music because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it h
37、as a new name Muzak. About one-third of the people in America listen to Muzak everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. 72I
38、f you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters dont want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? 73Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people
39、feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak doeswhat it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 74 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.75 . They say its b
40、oring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!A. Some people dont like Muzak. B. The music
41、gives them extra energy.C. Music is playing in the background.D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.2010年高考北京英语卷
42、阅读理解分析今年是新课改第一年，阅读理解部分增加了新题型七选五，命题难度降低是情理之中的。但经过一年的试水，师生们适应新课改的思路后，明年难度很有可能会升上去。这样，对今年的阅读理解试题的专业分析非常有必要。今年的阅读理解题遵循2010年高考考试说明，题型与往年保持了一致，难度稍有降低。文章本身和所附问题总词数约2300词，在往年2000-2200的词数基础上稍有增加。全面考察了细节题、推断题、文章结构题、词义猜测题。在选材上覆盖面广，语言地道，文体特征鲜明。文章体裁和主要内容介绍夹叙夹议：通过记叙作者与一只被遗弃的小狗的故事，说明不应该轻易对他人的行为下定论。（A篇）应用文：一位主编的公开信
43、，劝说同行要注重手下记者的职业发展，激发他们的潜能。（B篇）说明文：介绍不同文化背景的人有不同的谈话节奏，及其带来的问题。（C篇）议论文：支持高等教育应该由受教育人自付费用。（D篇）说明文：介绍缪扎克音乐(一种通过线路向机场、商场、餐馆等播放的背景录音音乐)。（E篇）与往年比较的变化1每一篇文章都加上了标题：一定程度上降低了考试难度，帮助学生把握文章的中心意思。2应用文消失：今年阅读理解形式上保留了应用文，因为B篇体裁仍为书信，实则为说理性质，增加了考题的难度。答案解析及技巧运用A篇阅读技巧：夹叙夹议，叙为议服务，议为叙指导。把握了这句话就把握了阅读此类文章的真谛。叙述不分重点关注人物，情节的
44、变化；议论一定看清楚作者想表明的道理。答题技巧：本篇题目由3个细节题和一道文章结构题组成，难度都不大。细节题要求学生把握文章中的原文，做合理推断和转述。比如57题，将unsettled理解成worried。文章结构题基本属于送分题，要求学生作答，此篇记叙文按照时间顺序发展。56.B情绪推断，较难题。此推断题的难点在于，原文没有直接的形容词表述，要求学生通过具体的描述总结。原文第2段She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her h
45、appy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owners.划线句子表明作者同情被遗弃的小狗，希望帮助它高兴起来。57.A细节题，较难题。要做对此题主要要排除C项的干扰，原文第2段She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. hardly ate anything的表述与ate little是不一样的。前者是几乎什么都不吃，后者是吃得少，此错误选项属于改变否定/肯定的程度。58.D原因推断题，简单题，通过原文第4段
46、的描写可得正确答案。59.A问文章的行文结构，简单题，此篇记叙文按照时间顺序发展。B篇阅读技巧：第一段出现重要信息：特殊标点破折号和隐性转折词in fact，因此后面信息极其重要：写信给一个编辑说他的reporter很棒，但是要离开了；第二段要把握两个中文注释，此reporter给作者简历并充满热情地向其描述了自身特质;第三段平淡无奇，机械寻找重要信息出处in fact，故得知该reporter干一行爱一行，精神可嘉;接着第四段一个问句，基本预示情节的转折，一眼即得知下面要详细阐述该reporter要离开的原因;继续往下，重要信息处稍微留意，即转折词but，因果词so,最后段的最高级best句，以及有特殊标点出现的最后一句。通过这几处内容的梳理，文意会变得清晰很多-年轻记者需要主编充分发挥他们的潜能，在竞争与挑战中寻求职业发展。答题技巧：此篇的4个题目包括3个推断题，其中包括对人物态度、作者身份、写作目的的推断。人物态度要求学生具备将具体描述wants to be coached to new heights等转换成形容词表述的能力；作者身份推断题要求学生学会通过人称代词our判断；写作目的要求学生对全文的把握能力。