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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上新概念英语第二册语法精粹三、主谓一致Agreement知识要点：在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。1、以单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：1）The book is on the table.2）He is reading English.3）To work hard is necessary.（It is necessary to work hard.）
2、来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K4）How you get there is a problem.2、复数主语跟复数动词。如：Children like to play toys.3、在倒装句中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如以here,there开头，be 动词与后面第一个名词一致。如：1）There is a dog near the door.2）There were no schools in this area before liberation.3）Here comes the bus.4）On the wall were two famous paintings.5）Here
3、 is Mr. Brown and his children.4、and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。如果主语后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短语，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。如：1）Jane, Mary and I are good friends.2）He and my father work in the same factory.3）His sister, n
4、o less than you, is wrong.4）The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.5）He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.6）Every picture except these two has been sold.7）Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.8）Alice as well as her friends was invited to the c
5、oncert.9）Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time.5、并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，and后面的名词没有冠词。如：来源:学科网ZXXK1）The writer and worker is coming to our school tomorrow.这位工人作家明天要来我们学校。2）Bread and butter is their daily food. 面包和黄油是他们每日的食品。3）The writer and the worker are coming to our sch
6、ool tomorrow.那位作家和那位工人明天将来我们学校。6、and连接的并列单数名词前如有each, every, no, many a修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：1）Every boy and girl has been invited to the party.所有的孩子都被邀请参加这次聚会。2）No teacher and no student is absent today.今天没有老师和学生缺席。来源:Z#xx#k.Com3）Many a student is busy with their lessons.许许多多的学生都忙着复习他们的功课。7、each, either
7、, one, another, the other, neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Each takes a cup of tea.2）Either is correct.3）Neither of them likes this picture.8、由every, some, any, no构成的合成代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Is everyone here?2）Nothing is to be done. 没有什么要干的事儿了。9、关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：1）Those w
8、ho want to go please sign their names here.2）Anyone who is against this opinion may speak out.3）He is one of the students who were praised at the meeting.10、表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。如：1）Three years is not a long time.2）Ten dollars is what he needs.3）Five hundred miles is a long d
9、istance.11、复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待（如人名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等），动词用单数形式。如：1）The United States is in North America.2）The United Nations has passed a resolution(决议)。3）“The Arabian Nights”（天方夜谭）is an interesting book.12、有些集体名词如family, team, group, class, audience（听众，观众），government等作主语时，如看作是一个整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；如强调各个成员时，谓语动
10、词要用复数形式。如：1）My family is going to have a long journey.我家要进行一次长途旅行。2）My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜欢音乐。3）The class has won the honour. 这班获得了荣誉。4）The class were jumping for joy. 全班同学都高兴得跳了起来。13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主语时，既可表示复数意义，也可表示单数意义，谓语动词要根据实际情况而定。如：1）All of the app
11、le is rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。2）All of the apples are rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。3）Most of the wood was used to make furniture (家具)。14、the + 形容词（或分词）作主语时，常指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。如指的是抽象概念，谓语动词则用单数形式。如：1）The young are usually very active. 年轻人通常是很活跃的。2）The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 现在伤病员们在这里受到了很好照顾。15、or, e
12、itheror, neithernor, whetheror, not onlybut (also)连接的是主语，谓语动词与后一个主语一致。如：1）Either you or I am going to the movies.2）Not only you but also he is wrong.16、不可数名词没有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Water is a kind of matter.2）The news at six oclock is true.17、集合名词如：people, police ,cattle等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：1）The poli
13、ce are searching for him.2）The cattle are grassing (吃草)。18、population当人口讲时，谓语动词用单数形式；当人们讲时，谓语动词用复数。如：1）The population of China is larger than that of Japan.2）One third of the population here are workers.19、the number of + 名词复数，是表示“的数字”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；a (large / great) number of + 名词复数，表示许多，作主语时；谓语动词
14、用复数形式。1）The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.2）A number of students have gone for an outing.20、means, politics, physics, plastics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【专项训练】1、Nothing but carsin the shop.Ais soldBare soldCwere soldDare going to sell2、No one except Jack and Tom the answer.
15、AknowBknowsCis knowingDare known3、Seventy percent of the students in our schoolfrom the countryside.AisBareCcomesDare coming4、of the moneyused up.AThree-five, areBThree-fifths, have beenCThree-fifths, has beenDThird-fifths, is5、The number of the people whocarsincreasing.Aowns, areBowns, isCown, isDo
16、wn, are6、One of Marxs workswritten in English in the 1860s.AwasBwereCwould beDare7、The sheets for your bedwashing.AneedsBare needingCwantDare wanting8、On each side of the streeta lot of trees.AstandsBgrowCis standingDare grown9、Some personcalling for you at the gate.Aare BisCis beingDwill be10、All t
17、hat can be eateneaten up.Aare beingBhas beenChad beenDhave been11、Toms teacher and friendMr. Smith.AareBisCare beingDhas12、Your new clothes fit you, but mineme.Adoesnt fitBdont fitCdoesnt fit forDdont fit for13、Neither he nor Ifor the plan.AamBareCisDwere14、Many a studentthat mistake before.Ahas mad
18、eBhave madeChas been made Dhad made15、Peter, perhaps John,playing with the little dog.AisBareCwereDseems16、Laying eggsthe ant queens full-time job.AisBareChasDhave17、Between the two buildingsa monument.AstandBstandsCstandingDis standing18、I, whoyour good friend, will share your joys and sorrow.AamBi
19、sCareDwas19、The United Nationsin 1945.Awere foundBwere foundedCwas foundedDwas found20、were also invited to the party.AMr. SmithBThe SmithCThe SmithsDSmiths21、The glass worksin 1959.Awere set upBwas set upCwere put upDwere built22、Three hours with your girl friendto be a short time.AseemBseemsCis se
20、eming Dhas seemed来源:学科网ZXXK23、It was reported that sixincluding a boy.Awas killedBwere killedCwas killingDhad killed24、The policea prisoner.Ais searching forBare searching forCis searchingDare searched for25、Deerfaster than dogs.ArunBrunsCare runningDwill run26、The woundedgood care of here now.Ais t
21、akenBare being takenCare takingDis taking27、The whole classgreatly moved at his words.AwasBwereChadDis28、Over 80 percent of the population of Chinapeasants.来源:学科网ZXXKAwasBisCareDwill be29、Therea knife and fork on the table.Aseems to beBseem to beCis seeming to be Dare30、Those whosinging may join us.
22、Aare likingBlikesCenjoyDis fond of31、His familymusic lovers.Aall areBare allCisDare being32、A professor and a writerpresent at the meeting.AwasBisCwereDhad been33、The pair of shoesworn out.来源:Z+xx+k.ComAwasBwereChave beenDhad been34、The students in our school eachan English dictionary.AhaveBhasChadD
23、are having35、More than one answerto the question.Ahave been givenBhas been givenCwere givenDhad given36、The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students whofrom the countryside in our school.AareBisCwereDwas37、Our familya happy one.AisBareCwasDwere38、Most of the mistakesbecause of carel
24、essness.Awere madeBare madeChas been madeDwere making39、Most of his timein reading novels.Aare spentBis spentCwere spentDwas spending40、The rest of the novelvery interesting.AwereBareCisDseem41、I know that allgetting on well with her.AwasBisCareDwere42、When and where this took placestill unknown.Aar
25、eBwereCisDhas43、Not only the workers but also the machinenot there.AareBwereCisDhas44、Very fewhis address in the town.来源:Z+xx+k.ComAknowsBknowCare knowingDhas known45、Ten thousand dollarsa large sum of money.AareBisCwereDseem来源:学科网ZXXK46、Twenty milesa long way to cover.AwereBareCisDseem to be47、Nine
26、 plus threetwelve.AmakesBmakeCis makingDare making48、There are two roads and eitherto the station.AleadsBleadCare leadingDis leading49、My father, together with some of his old friends,there already.Ahave beenBhas beenChad beenDwill be50、My family as well as Iglad to see you.AamBareCisDwas【答案】：1、A 因有
27、连词but，所以谓语形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人称单数。见讲解4。2、B 同上3、B 见讲解2。4、C 见讲解16。5、C 定语从句看被修饰的先行词：the number of作主语用单数形式。见讲解9，19。6、A 见讲解1。7、C 见讲解2。8、B 倒装句，要看后面的主语。见讲解3。9、B some person指“某人”是第三人称单数。见讲解13。10、B 主语“all”指的是“food”，所以代不可数名词，是第三人称单数。见讲解13。11、B Toms teacher and friend，因friend前没有冠词，所以实际指的是同一个人。见讲解5。12、B 根据前一分句的意思，
28、第二分句中的mine指的是“my new clothes”，因此主语是复数。13、A neithernor连接主语，动词与后面的主语保持一致。见讲解15。14、A 见讲解6。15、A 见讲解4。16、A 见讲解1，动名词作主语。17、B 倒装，见讲解3。18、A 见讲解9。19、C 见讲解11。20、C 因谓语动词是复数，所主语应是复，The Smiths是指史密斯一家人。21、B works在此句中是指工厂，所以是单数。22、B 见讲解10。23、B six在这儿指的是人，因此用复数形式。24、B 见讲解17。25、A deer, sheep是单、复数同形，根据后面的dogs，前面的deer
29、应是复数（单数前应有a）。26、B 见讲解14。27、B 见讲解12，因人才能受感动，所以the whole class是指全班的成员。28、C 见讲解18。29、A 见讲解5。刀、叉是一副而论，所以看作单数。30、C 见讲解9。31、B 见讲解12。32、C 见讲解4，注意与第11题比较。33、A 因此句主语是pair，所以用单数。34、A 因此句主语是the students，所以用复数。如果each作主语，谓语动词则用第三人称单数形式。如：Each of the students / Each student has an English dictionary.35、B 此句中的主语是o
30、ne answer，所以谓语动词应与它保持一致。36、B 根据句意，这个男孩是学校中唯一来自农村的学生，自然后面的定语从句的主语是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，又因主从句时态保持一致，故B是唯一正确答案。37、A 见讲解12。38、A 见讲解2。39、B 见讲解16。40、C 这部小说的剩余部分，还没超出“一”，用单数。41、C 见讲解13，不定代词all在此句中代“与她相处的人”，所以是复数。来源:学_科_网来源:学+科+网42、C 见讲解1，when and where this took place是一个从句。43、C 见讲解15。44、B few在此代人，是复数。45、B 见讲解10。46、C 同上。47、A 同上。48、A 见讲解7。49、B 见讲解4。50、B 同上。专心-专注-专业