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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上英文参考文献原文复印件及译文专 业： 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师： 完成日期 2013 年 6 月专心-专注-专业Scientific LiteratureThe most basic request that charged barbed wire net in the city circulates is safe and stable. The core problem of charged barbed wire net safety in the city stability wants to build up to be a with the city
2、mutually accommodative of, reasonable of charged barbed wire net structure. This text passes and programs to the charged barbed wire net with electric power and designs the technique principle of the aspect analysis. Elaborated the standard concerning electric voltage grade, power supply credibility
3、, power supply ability and charged barbed wire net safe power supply requests etc. some problems that should notice in the charged barbed wire net safety; And have already aimed at sexs elaborating request to the concrete design principle opposite charged barbed wire net safe power supply of the 220
4、 kV transformer substation and 110kV transformer substation.In early 2001, Italy power company installation and transformation of smart meters, built intelligent measurement network.In 2005, Campbell invented a technique, using the (Swarm group behavior) principle, let the buildings electrical coord
5、inate each other, reduce building at peak power consumption. This technique gives the appliance in intelligent, improve energy utilization efficiency.In 2006, the Council of the European Union energy green book European sustainable, competitive and secure energy strategy (A European Strategy for Sus
6、tainable, Competitive and Secure Energy) emphasizes the smart grid technology is the guarantee of the quality of electric power is one of the key technology and development direction.In mid 2006, a company called dot (Grid Point) company began selling a can be used to detect the home circuit power c
7、onsumption of electronic products, available through the Internet communication technology to adjust the power consumption of household appliances.In 2006, American IBM company and the global power professional research institutions, power enterprises in the development of the smart grid solution. T
8、his program is metaphor for the power system of the central nervous system, power company can through the use of sensors, gauges, digital control and analysis tools, automatic monitoring network, optimize the network performance, prevent the power-off, faster recovery of power supply, consumer power
9、 use management can also be refined to each network device.In 2007October, in East China power grid is officially launched the smart grid project feasibility study and planning, from 2008 to2030 three paces go the strategy.In 2008the United States Colorado, Boulder ( Boulder ) has become the nations
10、 first smart grid city, every household in installing smart meters, people can be very intuitive understanding of the price, in order to put some things, such as washing clothes, ironing and other arrangements in the low price time. The meter can also help people to give priority to the use of wind
11、power and solar power and other clean energy.In 2008September, Google of general electric and issued a joint statement announced, they are working together to develop clean energy business, is the core of the United States to create the National Smart grid.In January 25, 2009the United States House
12、released the latest recovery plan scale reported announced: laying or update 3000miles of transmission lines, and for the American families to install smart meters - the United States will promote the interactive grid overall revolution.The February 2, 2009 energy expert Wu Jiandong in full interact
13、ive grid revolution economic innovation transformation in the article, put forward clearly to China power grid must carry out the interactive power grid revolutionary reform.In February 4, 2009, the Mediterranean island of Malta on Wednesday announced the agreement with IBM, the two sides agreed to
14、establish a intelligent public system, the realization of the power grid and the water supply system of digital.IBM and its partners will put Malta20000general meter replaced interactive meter, so Malta power plant can be monitored in real time using electricity, and set different price to reward fo
15、r saving power users.In February 10, 2009, Google said it had started testing called the Google meter (Power Meter) electricity detection software. This is a beta online dashboard equivalent to Google is becoming the public infrastructure in information era.In February 28, 2009, as the company in No
16、rth China intelligent grid construction part of North China power grid, dynamic, steady state - transient the Trinity security defense and whole process control power system in Beijing through the acceptance of the expert group.The United States on 3 March2009the United States Congress Google Sugges
17、t, demand in the construction of smart grid (Smart Grid) by non monopoly standard.2009March, Korea takes the lead in developing world is still in the preliminary stage of research and development of smart grid technology roadmap for the development of national units.In April 24th, the State Grid of
18、China General Manager Liu Zhenya to visit the United States with the United States Secretary of energy Zhu Diwen, and delivered a keynote speech in Washington said, Chinese China State Grid Corp is overall construction in UHV power network as the backbone network, the coordinated development of powe
19、r grids at various levels of the strong power grid based on information, digitization, automation, interaction, the characteristic of independent innovation, international leading a strong smart grid.In May 18th, the United States Department of energy in its home page announced the United States a n
20、ew generation of power transmission network plan smart grid by using standard specification.In May, China and the United States signed a Sino-US cooperation on clean energy motion, the motion decision, this year to build a smart grid ( including transmission and distribution networks ) needed knowle
21、dge and technology sharing.On May 21st, National Grid announced a smart grid development plan, and initially disclosed the construction schedule.The afternoon of July 16th, Chinese American to visit Luo Jiahui of minister of Department of Commerce and energy minister Zhu Diwen visited the national g
22、rid, to the China State Grid Corp general manager Liu Zhenya said, hoping the two countries share a smart grid technology.The United States Eastern time on August 5th, the United States President Obama announced in the United States of Americas economic recovery plan, to build a can realize the elec
23、tric power in the East and west coasts (a distance of about 4500km) transmission in the new strong smart grid, to ensure that the United States of America in the new century as in the past to lead the breakthrough.On August 21st, China State Grid Corp Smart Grid Forum held in Beijing. The meeting ar
24、ranged by the company unified strong smart grid construction in the first stage (2009 to2010) is the focal point of the work, issued a unified strong smart grid key of the first phase project implementation plan, marks the company unified strong smart grid construction work of the first phases of co
25、mprehensive start.In August 22nd -8month 23 days, East China Power Grid Corp intelligent grid oriented multi-adaptive planning systems project review meeting, in Shanghai for a day and a half of the formal review will.The United States Eastern time on September 21st morning, Liu Zhenya of general ma
26、nager of China State Grid Corp in Washington, Reagan was invited to attend the conference center of the United States of America smart grid week ( Grid Week ) opening ceremony, and strong smart grid: energy innovation development and change important gist speech engine. Before the meeting, Liu Zheny
27、a feuded with the opening keynote speaker of the United States Department of energy minister Zhu Diwen met. Foreign minister Zhu Diwen on China UHV power grid development pays close attention to very, focus on understanding the UHV construction and etc.For the future, clean and renewable sources of
28、energy are main stream, the purpose is to achieve a low carbon emission and zero carbon emission. Chinas policy and planning in a timely manner. But, there are many things not around! As of wind electric field maintenance, it is difficult to eliminate waste. So the future energy development road is
29、not smooth.How to promise power supply credibility(1).Satisfy charged barbed wire net power supply safe standard. The power supply network satisfies the request of power supply credibility. The standard that all satisfies N-l, city area center high burden density important customer in the district s
30、atisfy the standard of N-2.Disallow transformer over carry .Help a southern city net power supply credibility rate index sign programming target is 99.99%.(2).Press to go together with charged barbed wire net burden to transfer ability in the city satisfies following request:The transformer substati
31、on loses any once enter line or one set lord transformer but lower power supply ability, win press to go together with charged barbed wire net to have to transfer burden to ensure the ability of power supply.When a female line of transformer substation stops a luck because of putting, winning to pre
32、ss to go together with charged barbed wire net should have the ability that transfer all burden.When the 10 kV goes together with electric wire road any check to fix or breaks down, going together with the charged barbed wire net should have non- check of transfer to fix, non- breakdown segment abil
33、ity for carrying. The non- check fixes.The non- breakdown segment carries to the power is off time only for go together with to give or get an electric shock an equipments to pour an operation for time.(3).Ask to satisfy a following principle while allowing the capacity of the power outage and the t
34、arget of the instauration power supply while going together with charged barbed wire net breakdown to make the customer the power is off:The customer of two back track power supplies , after losing a back track, should be unlimited to give or get an electric shock.The customer of three back track po
35、wer supplies , after losing a back track, should be unlimited to give or get an electric shock, again after losing a back track, should satisfy power supply capacity 50-70% is used an electricity.When all of a back track or much customers the power of back track power supplies stopped, resume target
36、 time of power supply broke down to handle for a back track restored of ask.At wreath net power supply method in for open the customer in the wreath network, the lowest instauration power supply request for breaking down wreath net is to need to pass charged barbed wire net operation instaurationPow
37、er supply of time, its target time need for operating of asking; It is the power supply that passes to go together with net automation restriction to resume an intact block in the l min to go together with net automation circuit.Power supply ability and safety(1).Of each electric voltage layer net c
38、apacity in the city net, press definitely change the electric capacity carry to compare an allocation, the all levels electric voltage net changes the electric capacity carry compare satisfy the upper limit request that current electric power net in the city programming design lead stipulates.Accord
39、ing to 2001 national economy trade committee promulgation of electric power profession standard electric power system safety stability lead middle finger: N .a standard is under the normal movement method of the any component(is like circuit, generator, and transformer.etc.) in the electric power sy
40、stem have no break down or because of break down break to open, electric power system shouldCan keep stable to circulate with normal power supply, other components however carry, electric voltage and frequency all are allowing inside the scope. This is usually called N. one standard.The charged barb
41、ed wire net power supply safe standard has: N-l standard and quasi- N one 2 standards and Ns is one 2 standards.Citys going together with the power supply safety of charged barbed wire net to usually request is to adopt N one standard. It is one 2 standards to have already adopted quasi- N as well a
42、t the power supply safety special important place one 2 standards or Ns.(2).Medium press and go together with charged barbed wire net and have certain back up capacity, generally should have 50% Yu degrees, while being any component check and fixing and breaking down and stopping and carrying should
43、 pass and pour a operation can keep a segment the customer continue toward the customer or non- trouble power supply, go together with each component of charged barbed wire net while transfer burden however carry, unlimited electricity. When two set lords hand pen that the power is off at the same t
44、ime, that is used circuit should adjust above 60% burden.科技文献译文城市电网运行的最基本要求是安全与稳定。城市电网安全稳定的核心问题是要建立一个与该城市相适应的、合理的电网结构。本文通过对电网规划和电力设计方面的技术原则分析。阐述了在电网安全中关于电压等级、供电可靠性、供电能力以及电网安全供电的准则要求等方面应注意的一些问题；以及有针对性的阐述了对220kV变电站和110kV变电站的具体设计原则相对电网安全供电的要求。早在2001年，意大利的电力公司就安装和改造了3000万台智能电表，建立起了智能化计量网络。2005年，坎贝尔发明了一种
45、技术，利用的是（Swarm群体行为）原理，让大楼里的电器互相协调，减少大楼在用电高峰期的用电量。这个技术赋予电器于智能，提高能源的利用效率。2006年，欧盟理事会的能源绿皮书欧洲可持续的、竞争的和安全的电能策略（A European Strategy for Sustainable, Competitive and Secure Energy）强调智能电网技术是保证欧盟电网电能质量的一个关键技术和发展方向。2006年中期，一家名叫“网点”（Grid Point）的公司开始出售一种可用于检测家用电路耗电量的电子产品，可以通过互联网通信技术调整家用电器的用电量。2006年，美国IBM公司曾与全球电
46、力专业研究机构、电力企业合作开发了“智能电网”解决方案。这一方案被形象比喻为电力系统的“中枢神经系统”，电力公司可以通过使用传感器、计量表、数字控件和分析工具，自动监控电网，优化电网性能、防止断电、更快地恢复供电，消费者对电力使用的管理也可细化到每个联网的装置。2007年10月，华东电网正式启动了智能电网可行性研究项目，并规划了从2008年至2030年的“三步走”战略。2008年美国科罗拉多州的波尔得（Boulder）已经成为了全美第一个智能电网城市，每户家庭都安装了智能电表，人们可以很直观地了解当时的电价，从而把一些事情，比如洗衣服、烫衣服等安排在电价低的时间段。电表还可以帮助人们优先使用风
47、电和太阳能等清洁能源。2008年9月，Google与通用电气联合发表声明对外宣布，他们正在共同开发清洁能源业务，核心是为美国打造国家智能电网。2009年1月25日美国白宫最新发布的复苏计划尺度报告宣布：将铺设或更新3000英里输电线路，并为4000万美国家庭安装智能电表美国行将推动互动电网的整体革命。2009年2月2日能源问题专家武建东在全面推互动电网革命拉动经济创新转型的文章中，明确提出中国电网亟须实施“互动电网”革命性改造。2009年2月4日，地中海岛国马耳他在周三公布了和IBM达成的协议，双方同意建立一个“智能公用系统”，实现该国电网和供水系统数字化。IBM及其合作伙伴将会把马耳他2万个
48、普通电表替换成互动式电表，这样马耳他的电厂就能实时监控用电，并制定不同的电价来奖励节约用电的用户。2009年2月10日，谷歌表示已经开始测试名为谷歌电表（Power Meter）的用电检测软件。这是一个测试版在线仪表盘，相当于谷歌正在成为信息时代的公用基础设施。2009年2月28日，作为华北公司智能化电网建设的一部分华北电网稳态、动态、暂态三位一体安全防御及全过程发电控制系统在京通过专家组的验收。美国谷歌2009年3月3日向美国议会进言，要求在建设“智能电网(Smart Grid)”时采用非垄断性标准。2009年3月，韩国率先制订了全球仍处在初步研发阶段的智能电网技术的国家单位发展路线图。4月24日，中国国家电网总经理刘振亚访美会晤美国能源部长朱棣文，并在华盛顿发表主旨演讲称，“中国国家电网公司正在全面建设以特高压电网为骨干网架、各级电网协调发展的坚强电网为基础，以信息化、数字化、自动化、互动化为特征的自主创新、国际领先的坚强智能电网。”5月18日，美国能源部在其主页上公布了美国新一代输电网计划“智能电网”所使用的标准规格。5月份，中美签署一项中美清洁能源合作动议，该动议决定，今年“要构建智能电网（包括输电和配电网络）所需知识与技术的共享”。5月21日，国家电网公布了“智能电网”