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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高一英语必修一词汇讲解Unit 21. more than one kind of English该短语中more than 与数词连用，意思是“超过，多于”，相当于over.【要点】more than one+n. 意为“不止一个”，虽在语义上为复数，但作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。More than one house was burnt down in the fire.不止一间房屋在火灾中被烧毁。More than one person has a good grasp of English in the school.在这所学校里不止一个人精通英语。more
2、 than 还可与名词、形容词、副词、动词、动名词或分词连用，意为“不只是，岂止”等。Both of them are much more than schoolmates . They are close friends.他们俩远不止是同学，更是知心朋友。【辨析】no more than 与 not more than词 组含 义例 句no more than和一样不（两者都否定）Tom is no more diligent than Jack.汤姆和杰克都不勤奋。not more than不如（前者不如后者）Tom is not more diligent than Jack.汤姆不如杰
3、克勤奋。2. come up 走近；上来；提出；露出地面，发芽The sun has come up. 太阳升起来了。The seeds havent come up yet. 种子还没有发芽。The question hasnt come up yet. 问题尚未被提出。He came up to me and said sorry.他走近我并道了歉。【要点】come up 作“提出”讲时，由被提出的物作主语，无被动形式；而come up with 指人提出问题等，用人作主语。 come up 作“发生，出现”讲时，多用于事物作主语；以人作主语表示“出现，到场”，常用 turn up.【词组
4、拓展】词 组释 义例 句come out发行，发表,出版；结果，结束；出来，显现The dictionary will soon come out.这本词典不久就会出版。come about出现，发生How did it come about that the man was fired?那个人被解雇了，是怎么回事？come down传承；落下；毕业I hope house prices can come down.我希望房价下跌。come along到来，出现；进行；生长，一块去；赶紧He went to Paris whenever the chance came along.他一有机会就
5、去巴黎。come to 来到；达到；醒来When he came to, he found himself in hospital.当他醒来的时候，他发现自己在医院里。come up with想出；提出；设法拿出（所需钱款）Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own. 有几位成员提出了自己的建议。If you can come up with 3000 yuan , Ill sell it. 如果你能拿出3000元，我就卖了它。3.a number of 许多，大量的，谓语动词为复数 the number
6、of 的数量，谓语动词为单数Quite a number of young people believe that money is a passport to happiness.相当多的年轻人认为金钱是幸福的保证。The number of graduates has increased over these years.近年来毕业生的数量大幅上升。4. present adj.现在的，当前的（常作前置定语）；出席的，到场的（常作后置定语）；n.礼物；现在 v.赠送；介绍；呈递；授予He doesnt know how to deal with the present situation.
7、他不知道怎样应对当前的局势。The people present at the meeting are advanced workers. 出席会议的人都是先进工作者。John was presented with his award at the ceremony.在颁奖大会上，约翰被授予奖赏。【常见词组】be present at the meeting 出席会议 be present to 出现在be present to mind 放在心上，记忆犹新 at present 目前，现在把某物赠送给某人：make a present of sth. to sb. make sb. a pr
8、esent of sth. present sth. to sb. present sb. with sth.5. close to 靠近，接近【辨析】close 与 closelyclose和closely均可用作副词，close可用作形容词，但close多用来修饰由介词引导的短语，强调“距离”的概念；而closely则用来修饰动词或过去分词，强调抽象的“紧密地”含义。Someone followed close behind me. 有人紧跟着我。This problem is closely connected with that one. 这个问题与那个问题有密切的联系。 6. how
9、everhowever可用作副词，意为“可是，然而”，位置灵活，用逗号与其他部分隔开。Its raining hard;however, I think we should go out. 雨下得很大，不过我想我们还是应该出去。【拓展】however 也可作“无论如何，不管怎样”讲，引导让步状语从句，相当于 no matter how, 后接形容词或副词。Well have to finish it ,however / no matter how long it takes. 不管要花多长时间，我们都必须把它做完。7. at the end of(1) 在的末梢，到的尽头 ，表场所At th
10、e end of the road youll find the factory easily.在这条路的尽头，你会很容易找到那家工厂。(2) 在结束时，在末， 表时间I came across an old friend at the end of last month. 上个月底，我偶然遇到了一位老朋友。【辨析】at the end of, by the end of , in the endat the end of 在结束时，在末+过去时间，句子谓语往往用一般过去时+将来时间，句子谓语往往用将来的某种时态by the end of 到为止+过去时间，句子谓语用过去完成时+将来时间，句子
11、谓语用将来完成时+现在时间，句子谓语用现在完成时in the end 最后，终于独立作状语，句子谓语往往用一般过去时8. make use of 利用，使用， 与 take advantage of 同义You must make good use of any opportunity to practice English. 你必须好好利用一切机会练习英语。【use常用词组】 make use of 利用，使用 come into use 投入使用 in use 正在用，通用 use up 用完，耗尽9. expect （理所当然地）期望；预料，预期；认为【常用搭配用法及句型】expect
12、sb. to do sth. 期望（预料）某人做某事 expect sth. 预料某事（乞求某物）expect to do sth. 想要（打算）做某事 expect+ that 从句，预料（认为） I expect so. 我想是这样的。 I expect not. 或 I dont expect so. 我想不是这样的。10. request n. & vt. 请求，要求【搭配归纳】at the request of sb. = at sb.s request 应某人的要求He went to Jinan at the request of his manager. 他应经理的要求去了济南
13、。request sb. to do = request + that 从句（should+动词原形）要求某人做某事（should 可以省略）She requested that we (should) go home right now. 她要求我们现在就回家。request sth. from sb. 向某人索要某物 Liming requested a computer from his parents. 李铭像父母索要一台电脑。make a request for sth. 要求某物；需要某物They have made q request for international aid.
14、 他们已经要求国际紧急援助。make a request that . 要求，需要At the meeting , the manager made a request that we get to the company before 7:45 tomorrow morning. 在会上，经理要求我们明天早上7:45 之前到公司。11. command n. & vt. 命令，指令；掌握【要点】command 可用作可数名词，意为“命令，指令，指挥部”，如：give a command 下命令。也可用作不可数名词，意为“控制，指挥；运用能力，掌握”。【拓展】have (a) good com
15、mand of 精通 at ones command 随心所欲 be in command of 统帅 be under ones command 由指挥 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command + that 从句，命令某事，从句用虚拟语气，谓语部分用“should+动词原形，should 可省略。12. believe it or not 信不信由你 ，常用作插入语。类似的插入语还有： to tell you the truth 跟你说实话 generally speaking 一般来说 judging from 根据判断 that is to say
16、也就是说 whats more 而且 whats worse 更糟糕的是13. no such thing 没有这样的事such与no, all, most, some, any, many, much, a few, few , a little 等词连用时，such 应置于这些词之后。There are many such books on sale in the bookstore. 书店里有很多这样的书在出售。There is no such person here. 这儿没有这样一个人。14. recognize 辨认出；承认；公认；赏识，表彰【常用搭配】 recognize one
17、s voice 辨别出某人的声音 be recognized as 被承认/认为是 recognize sb. to be 承认/认为某人是 recognize that 承认Lisa, I didnt recognize you！You have your hair cut! 丽萨，我没认出你来！你剪头发了！The policeman recognized him to be a pickpocket. 警察认出他是个小偷。I recognized that I had made a mistake. 我认识到自己犯了一个错误。The government recognized his ex
18、cellent service by giving him a medal.政府为他颁发勋章，以表彰他的卓著功绩。15. the same .as. 跟一样，与 be different from 意思相反。注意前后比较的项要一致。Your opinion is the same as mine. 你的观点和我的一样。不能说：Your opinion is the same as I/me.注意以下搭配的不同含义：the same. as 表示同类事物Could you buy me the book as you read yesterday? 你能给我买一本和你昨天看的一样的书吗？the
19、same .that 表示同一事物，也可用the same. asShe is the same girl as / that came yesterday. 昨天来的就是这个女孩。the same . who/ when/where 和相同的He lives in the same room where his father once lived. 他住在他父亲曾经住过的房间里。16. direction 方向；指导；指示（常用复数）；说明书【要点】用作“方向、指导”时，与介词in 或 from 搭配；用作“指示，说明书”时，则与介词under 搭配。【相关词组】in/from the di
20、rection of 朝着/来自的方向 in one direction 朝某一方向 in all directions 朝四面八方 under the direction of sb. 或 under ones direction 在某人的指导下keep ones direction in mind 记住某人的指示 follow/obey / listen to ones direction 听从某人的指导 17.play a part / role in 在中起作用，扮演的角色Women play an important part in society. 妇女在社会中起着非常重要的作用。
21、Mengmeng played a part of a princess. 蒙蒙扮演一位公主。 18. official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的 n.官员，公务员；（公司，团体的）高层职员Youll have to get official permission to cut down the trees. 你必须得获得官方批准才能砍伐这些树木。They had the full support of all trade union officials. 他们得到了所有工会官员的全力支持。【辨析】official 和 officer(1) official 常指政府官员、行政官员或公
22、司的高层职员。(2) officer 常指身着特定制服的官员，如警察、军官等；也可指商船的高级船员如大副、二副等。My father is an officer in the army, while my uncle is an official in the government. 我爸爸是部队军官，而我的叔叔是政府官员。19. voyage n. 航行；航海；航空【常用词组】go on/ make / take a voyage 航海/航空旅行【辨析】voyage, trip, journey, travel, tour 单 词释义和用法例 句voyage主要指远距离的水上或空中旅行，是可
23、数名词。They made a voyage across the Pacific by air.他们乘飞机穿越了太平洋。trip通常指短时短途旅行。We made a boat trip to the island last week. 我们上周去乘船游岛了。journey指到某一目的地的旅行，距离较远，多指陆地旅行。They will make a journey to Beijing by train.他们将要乘火车去北京。travel泛指旅游，多用于长途旅行，尤指出国旅游。可作动词和名词，其复数形式的意思为“旅游笔记”。They came home after years of for
24、eign travel.在国外游历多年后，他们回国了。Light travels faster than sound. 光比声的传播速度快。tour指周游，往往指绕行后回到原出发点。可作动词和名词。I will tour the world in the future. 我将来要环游世界。Well make a tour of Hainan next week. 下周我们要去海南玩。20. native adj. 本国的，本地的，本土的 n. 本国人；本地人The women are native people. 这些妇女是本地人。Finally, she returned to her na
25、tive land. 最后，她回到了她的祖国。The panda is a native of China. 熊猫原产于中国。【要点】native 作形容词用时，只能作前置定语。【词组】be native to （动植物）是（地）特有的，原产的 The tiger is native to India. 这种虎原产于印度。21. actually adv. 实际上，事实上He looked calm , but actually he was very nervous. 他看起来很镇定，但实际上很紧张。【拓展】adv. 居然，竟然He actually expected me to pay f
26、or his ticket. 他竟然指望我给他付票钱。actual adj. 实在的；真实的；实际的；确实What were his actual words? 他到底是怎么说的？22. base v. 以为基础 n. 基础；基地 【常用词组】(1) base on 以为基础，基于之上 A lot of different choices base on what people are doing. 很多不同的选择是基于人们所做的事情。(2) be based on 以为基础The story is based on facts. 这个故事是以事实为基础的。(3) base sth. on s
27、th. 以某事物为另一事物的基础或根据One should always base ones opinion on facts. 一个人的观点应以事实为基础。23.latter adj. （两者中）后者的；后半的 She lived a hard life in the latter part of her life. 她的后半生过得很艰辛。【辨析】latter , late ,later , lately单词释义及用法例句latter后者，后半的There are two choices for us , and I favor the latter one. 我们有两种选择，我喜欢后者。l
28、ate用作形容词或副词，表示“迟的，晚的”，常用词组 be late for He is never late for school. 他上学从不迟到。The train was 10 minutes late. 火车晚点10分钟。laterlate 的比较级，意为“较迟，较晚”。sooner or later 迟早；later on 以后Two hours later , the ship sank. 两个小时后，轮船沉没了。Lets discuss the question later on . 让我们以后再讨论这个问题吧。lately用作副词，相当于 recently , 意为“最近，近
29、来”，通常用于现在完成时态。I havent heard much from him. 最近，我没怎么听到他的消息。24. fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的A lot of practice helped the spokesman become a more fluent speaker. 大量的练习使得发言人口齿伶俐。【词组】be fluent in 在熟练，尤指语言流利She is fluent in French. 她法语流利。25.gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地 Things gradually improved. 情况逐渐改善。【拓展】gradual adj.
30、逐渐的，渐变的There is a gradual change in his attitude towards his stepmother. 他对待继母的态度正逐渐改变。26. frequent adj. 频繁的；常见的His visit became less frequent as time passed . 随着时间的流逝，他不常登门了。【拓展】frequently adv. 常常；频繁地Buses run frequently from the city center to the airport. 公共汽车不断地从市中心开往机场。27. such as 例如； 像这种的【辨析】s
31、uch as 用于列举事物时，放在所列举的事物与前面的名词之间，直接接所列举的事物。它所列举的事物只是包含于所要说明的事物之内，而不是全部，若是全部，就用that is 或namely（即）。for example主要用于举例说明，前后需用逗号与其它部分隔开。位置灵活。The girl knows many foreign languages , such as English and Japanese.这个女孩会很多种外语，包括英语和日语。Wild animals such as tigers and pandas are becoming rare.野生动物比如老虎和熊猫，都变得稀少了。F
32、or example，air is invisible and of no smell例如，空气是无色无味的物质。Noise，for example，is a kind of pollution as well. 噪音，打个比方，也是一种污染。His pronunciation and intonation are very goodListen to his reading on this tape，for example他的语音语调非常棒。听一听这盘磁带上他的朗读。We need to concentrate on our target audience , namely women ag
33、ed between 20 and 30. 我们须针对我们的听众对象，即年龄在20岁到30岁之间的妇女。28. usage n. 使用；用法；【辨析】usage 和 use(1)usage 作“用法”讲时，侧重的是某物使用的方法或惯用法；作“使用，利用”讲时，侧重于事物使用的频率。current English usage 当代英语惯用法 land usage 土地的利用（率）I dont know the usage of the word. 我不知道这个词的用法。(2)use 作名词用时，意为“使用，得到利用”，强调的是某物“被使用”的事实或状态。Im not sure that this
34、 is the most valuable use of my time. 我不能肯定我的时间这样来安排是最有家价值的。The church was built in the 12th century and is still in use today. 这座教堂建于12世纪，至今仍在使用。29. expression n. 词语；表达；表示；表情Dont use the old-fashioned expression any more. 别再用这种老掉牙的表达方式了。His expression changed from surprise to amusement. 他的神情由惊变喜。On
35、ly in his dream does he give expression to his fear. 他只有在梦中表现出恐惧。30. block n. 街区；块；木块；石块 v. 堵塞；阻挡There is a block of stone on the road. 路上有一块大石头。He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与这里相隔3个街区。After the heavy snow , many roads are blocked. 大雪过后，许多道路堵塞了。31. make sense 讲得通；有意义【拓展】make no sense 讲不
36、通；没意义 make little sense 没有多大意义 Make sense of 理解；懂；明白32. a second thought 再三思考 名词性固定短语。该短语中 second 前可有 a 或者不用任何冠词；without a second thought 意为“不假思索”。另外，动词概念的“再三思考”可表示为think twice. 33. classify 将分类；将分等级People who work in libraries spend a lot of time classifying books. 在图书馆工作的人花大量的时间给书籍分类。We can classify these expressions into four types. 我们可以把这些词语分成四类。【拓展】-fy 是动词后缀，而且多构成及物动词，表示“化；使成为”。simplify 使简化 citify 使城市化 beautify 美化 satisfy 使满足 electrify 电气化34. African American 非洲裔美国人（的）指原本是非洲人，后加入美国国籍，或者出生在美国而父母祖辈有非洲血统的美国人。Chinese American 美籍华人专心-专注-专业