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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上倒装句教学目的:让学生掌握倒装的概念以及倒装的两个方面:全部倒装和部分倒装,通过判断句子结构该遵循哪个原则,培养学生的分析判断能力。教学重点:(1)含有否定意义的副词放在句首引起的部分倒装(2)含有否定意义的连接词置于句首引起的部分倒装(3) “so(nor, neither)+助动词 + 主语”与“so(nor, neither)+主语助动词”之间的区别以及与“ so + 主语+ 助动词”的句式区别(4)省略if的虚拟条件句以had / were / should开头引起的部分倒装(5)not until 置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装来源:学*科*网Z*K(6)o
2、nly 短语置于句首引起的部分倒装学情分析:授课学生基础薄弱,词汇缺乏,语句结构分不清楚,需要精细(有时间的话需拓展句子结构知识)且有重点的讲解。方法技巧点拨:1. 考前应认真研读专升本题目,了解命题人的意图,对考试方向有所把握。2.倒装句在句式上考生不是很习惯,故考生得从多方面入手,熟悉各种倒装句式,以不变应万 变。3.要注意倒装句中的主谓一致、时态一致及人称一致等问题。4.加强理解分析能力,切忌机械记忆,注意知识间的交叉,分清句子成分。 5.在平时的学习中尽最大努力运用所学知识,达到熟能生巧的目的。课时分配:倒装共3学时,讲九个考点。教学过程:一、考情分析倒装句属于英语中的常用句型,在公共
3、英语中分量不重,每年至多两道题,且考试集中在部分倒装上面。【知识要点】主语和谓语有两种顺序:一是主语在前,叫自然语序。反之,如果谓语在主语前就是倒装语序,又分全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是把全部谓语放在主语之前,部分倒装是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。 倒装是一种语法手段,用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种:完全倒装和部分倒装。 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。二、讲课过程(一)完全倒装考点一:1.here,there,away,in,out,down,
4、up,off,back,now,then等在句首时引起全部倒装。out,in,up,down,away之类的副词作状语放在句首,主语比较长,也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词,谓语为不及物动词come, go,run ,rush,etc。句式为:副词vi.主语(必须是名词)。例如: Here is a letter for you. There goes the last train. Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. Now comes the bus.考点二:2.介词短语或方位名词词组作地点状语位于句首,引起全部倒装。介词短语作状语放
5、在句首,谓语为不及物动词,主语比较长,也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句式为:介词短语vi.主语(必须是名词)。例如: In the corner of the room stands a writingtable. South of the city lies a big factory./Under the bed lies a cat. In these oceans live huge numbers of a small fish 5cm long.3.在there be 结构中,采用全部倒装语序。可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外,还可用 live,happen,exist,rem
6、ain,stand等等作这类句型的谓语。例如: There is a book in the bag. There happened to be nobody in the bedroom when the fire broke out. 起火的时候,碰巧房间里面没有人。4.代词such作表语,意“这样的人”“这样的物”,应置于句首,其后全部倒装。例如: Such were the facts. Such would be our home in the future.考点三:5.表语放在句首,表语常为形容词、分词、副词、介词短语。要求主语比较长,也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句式为:表语
7、系动词主语(必须是名词)。Gone are the days when the teachers were looked down upon.老师地位低下的年代一去不复返了。On the both sides of the street are beautiful flowers.街道两旁有美丽的花。South of city are two big lakes.城市的两边有两个大湖。6.直接引语中间或后面,表示某人说这意思的插入语(特别是谓语较短时)。“They must be in the fields now,” thought Xiao Lin.“他们准是下地了。”小林想道。“Help
8、! Help!” cried the little girl.小姑娘叫道:“救命!救命!”如果主语不比谓语长,或是它后面有宾语,主语就仍然多放在前面。“Take your seats,gentlemen,” Wilson shouted.威尔逊嚷道:“先生们坐好。” “That man is a famous star,” Xiao Yang told me in a whisper.小杨低声告诉我说:“那个人是著名的电影明星。”(二) 部分倒装1.疑问句中的倒装(1)一般疑问句,选择疑问句,反意问句要求部分倒装。如: Has he finished his work? Its a lovel
9、y day,isnt it?(2)特殊疑问词不作主语或不作主语的定语的特殊疑问句要求部分倒装。如: When did you go there? Which do you like best?考点四:2only修饰动词、介词短语、状语从句,并置于句首时,主句中要部分倒装。如: Only when the rain stopped did the match start again. Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.注意:)在only状语从句主句结构中,主句用倒装结构但从句用正常语序。)only修饰主语,不倒装。 Only Tom knows the a
10、nswer.只有汤姆知道答案。考点五:3.含有否定或半否定意义的副词或短语置于句 首时,要求部分倒装。表示否定的副词never,nor,neither,表示半否定意义的副词hardly,few,seldom,little,含有no和not的词组by no means(决不),in no time(很快),at no time(在任何时候都不),(在任何情况下都不)not until,not only.but also,no sooner.thanhardly.when/scarcely.when。即“否定词助动词/情态动词主语其他”。如:Never have I been in this ci
11、ty.我从没到过这座城市。Little/Seldom do I watch TV.我很少看电视。Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我参加了工作我才意识到我浪费了多少时间。注意:1)关联词的搭配。2)前一分句倒装,后一分句不倒装。 真题复现4 Seldom _in such a rude way. (2007) A.we have been treated B.have we been treated C.we have treated D.have we treated 考点六:4not o
12、nlybut(also)连接两个分句,not only置于句首,它所引导的这部分要部 分倒装,但but(also)部分不要倒装。例如; Not only should we study science,but also we should pay attention to politics.5.not until引起一个短语或引导一个从句置于句首时,主句中要求部分倒装。如: 真题复现2 Not until ten oclock _it was too late to return.(2003) A.they realized B.they did realize C did they real
13、ize D realized they考点七:6.hardly/scarcelywhen; no soonerthan句型中,若hardly,no sooner位于句首时,主 句中要求部分倒装。例如: 真题复现1 _close his eyes than the doorbell rang.(2001) A.Hardly had he B.Scarcely he had C.No sooner had he D.As soon as he had考点八:7.so,neither,nor作部分倒装,表示也、也不的句子要部分倒装。以so开头,用 “so助动词/情态动词/系动词主语”表示前面叙述的情
14、况也适合于另一个人或物,意为“也,同样,也如此”。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物,用“neither/nor助动词/情态动词/系动词主语”。 Society has changed and so have the people in it.社会变了,人也变了。注意:1)当so表示对前句内容的肯定、符合,或进一步强调前面所说的情况,或者赞同前面的说法时,应用自然语序。意为 “的确,正是”。Tom works hard.汤姆工作很卖力。So he does and so do you.的确如此,。2)倒装部分的助动词、情态动词、连系动词的时态和形式要与前句相一致。If you dont
15、 go,neither/nor shall I.(If you dont go,I shall not go.)你不去,我也不去。注意:表示前面的多种情况也适合于另一人或物,或者既有肯定又有否定情况或涉及到不同类型的动词时可用:It is the same with sth./sb.或 So it is with sth./sb.句型。She does well in English,but is poor in maths.So it is with Lucy.她英语学得好,但数学学的差,露茜也是如此。 真题复现3、7、8 We dont need heating system, _.(20
16、05) A.and nor we can afford it B.we dont afford it C.nor can we afford it D nor can it affordI dont think coffee at all._.(2012)A. So dont I B.I do neither C.Nor I do D.Neither do IIf you dont go. Neither_.(2013)A.shall I B.do I C.I do D.I shall8.由as引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置。句式为:表语/状语/动词原形as主语其他。如:Clever as
17、 he is,he doesnt study well.虽然他很聪明,但他学习不好。Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子,但他懂得不少事情。Much as I like it,I wont buy it.虽然我非常喜欢它,但我不买。Try as she might, she failed.虽然她试过了,但还是失败了。注意:表语前的名词无形容词修饰时冠词要省略考点九:9.在so.that从句中,如果soadj./adv.放在句首,其主句要倒装。so /such that句型可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。eg:So lou
18、dly did he speak that everyone could hear him.他讲话声音足够大,以至于每个人都能听得见。 真题复现6、 So loudly_that all the people in the room got a fight.(2012) A.be shouted B.shout be C.did he shout D.he did shout 真题复现5 _, water resources have been severely wasted or polluted.(2009) A.They are scarce B.Scarce they are C.Sc
19、arce as they are D. As scarce they are10.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词,可将if省, 把were,had,should移到主语之前,采取部分倒装。如果虚拟条件句的谓语含有were,should ,were可以把if省略而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒装。If it hadnt been for their help,we couldnt have finished the work on time.Hadnt it been for their help,we couldnt have finished the w
20、ork on time.要不是由于他们的帮助,我们不可能按时完成那项工作。If there should be a flood,what would we do?Should there be a flood,what would we do?要是发了洪水,我们该怎么办呢? WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain. 如果我是你,我会再试一次。11.频度副词及短语often,always,once,now and then ,many a time ,every other day等放在句首时有时也会部分倒装。如:Many a time has he come to comfort
21、me.他来安慰了我好多次。Often did he warn them not to do so.他经常告诫他们不要那样去做。12.某些表示祝愿句子也用倒状语序。May you succeed.祝你成功!Long live the Communist Party of China!中国共产党万岁!三、易混点辨析1.完全倒装主语必须是名词,主语若是人称代词或谓语不属上述动词之列,则不用完全倒装。如:Here it rains a lot every month of the year.Here we are!Then she went to the shop2.“only名词/代词”置于句首不要
22、倒装。如: Only he can do it.(正) Only can he do it. (误)3.否定词不在句首不倒装。Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.Themotherdidntleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.4. 只有当Notonlybutalso连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首 的Notonlybutalso仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构。如: NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.5. 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为的确如
23、此。 TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid. -Itsraininghard.-Soitis.6.as/though引导的让步从句倒装时,句首名词不能带任何冠词。 Child as he is, he has learned a lot.(四) 误区点拨1. I see you enjoy music very much. _. Im a music fan. A. So do I B. I do so C. So I do D. So do you【误】此处易误选A【正】正确答案为C【解析】当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。
24、意为的确 如此。2. Itwas_backhomeaftertheexperiment. A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightdidhego C.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidntgo【误】此处易误选A【正】正确答案为C【解析】学生生误以为本句是倒装句,实际上本题为强调结构。构成“Itwasnotuntil.that.” 固定结构。3. _, he is quite considerate and often helps a lot with housework. A.As he
25、is a child B.Child as he is C.Child although he is D.A child as he is【误】此处易误选D【正】正确答案为B【解析】as/though引导的让步从句倒装时,句首名词不能带任何冠词。4. Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelse_suchabeautifulpalace. A.canyoufindB.youcouldfindC.youcanfindD.couldyoufind【误】此处易误选D【正】正确答案为A【解析】nowhere这样的否定副词放在句首时,句子要倒装,排除B,C
26、.又因为是一般现在时,选择A。因为could表示过去时,排除D。5. Whereisyourclassteacher?Oh,_. A.herecomesheB.heredoeshecomeC.heherecomesD.herehecomes【误】此处易误选A【正】正确答案为D【解析】here,there,now,then或out,in,up,down,away,off等位于句首,主语是名词,句子一般要全部倒装。但是,如果主语是代词,句子不可以倒装。另外,这样的句子通常用一般现在时,不用现在进行时。(五) 实战演练1.David has made great progress recently.
27、 _ and _. A.So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have【解析】由题意可知,第一空处为对对方话的肯定,表确实如此,用so+主语+助动词形式;第二空处表示“也”,用so+助动词+主语形式,故答案选B。2.Hardly _the police ran towards it. A. had the plane landed when B. had the plane landed than C. the plane had lande
28、d when D. the plane was landing than【解析】hardly为几乎否定词,放于句首,其后句子要半倒装,将助动词置于主语前,故答案为A。3. _that even people in the next room could hear him. A. So loudly did he speak B. Such loudly did he speak C. So loudly he spoke D. Such loudly he spoke【解析】so/such.that.中so/such置于句首时要进行部分倒装;so+adj./adv.+助动词+主语;such(+
29、a/an)+adj+n.+助动词+主语,故答案选A。4. _, he doesnt study well. A. As he is clever B. He is as clever C. Clever as he is D. As clever he is【解析】As引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前,故答案选C。5.Not until the game had begun _at the sports ground. A had he arrived B would he have arrived C did he arrive D should he have arrived【解析】no
30、t until引起一个短语或引导一个从句置于句首时,主句中要求部分倒装。故答案选A。三、回顾总结 (今天上午我们主要讲了什么?哪些是重点,哪些要掌握,主要讲了哪些做题方法等等,对应你的备课内容来写)四、布置作业及预习内容 作业:1、复习并掌握主谓一致的相关知识点,尤其是考点部分 2、真题聚焦部分详细解析 3、模拟实战 预习:虚拟语气 五、教学反顾(讲课后,有什么不如意和好的经验、方法记录在这里,下一次上课是便于改进,有就写没有就不写,备课留空位置即可)1、 课后总结时老师帮助学生回忆能加强学生对本堂课所学内容的记忆(可采用全体提问的方式)2、 板书设计应采用两边式,左边书写并保留所讲内容便于复习回顾。(右边板书例子和练习题) 专心-专注-专业