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1、 Free talkFree talkWhat do you think of cloze(完形填空）完形填空） ?Is it easy or hard for you?K2 - the second highest mountain in the worldWhy climb? Because its there! I came, I saw, I conquered（征服）（征服）. (by Caesar)一、完形填空题型分析解读一、完形填空题型分析解读文化习俗文化习俗 科普知识科普知识 著名人物著名人物 幽默故事幽默故事日常生活日常生活人生百味人生百味完形填空的题材、文体分类完形填空的题
2、材、文体分类题材题材文体文体记叙记叙 议论议论 说明说明 四人一组讨论四人一组讨论20132013年河南省中考英年河南省中考英语完形填空的语完形填空的题材、题材、文体和文章大意文体和文章大意，并，并说出每小题的说出每小题的答案答案及及解题的解题的思路思路。Task 1Task 120132013年河南省中考英语完形填空年河南省中考英语完形填空 King Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his people. He often asked 36 which were strange. His people had
3、to use words in a 37 way to answer these questions. Once he asked a very strange question. He looked at his people. 38 he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the palace. Birbal 39 the habit of the king. He understood the 40
4、 at once and asked, May I know the question so that I can 41 for an answer? Akbar said, How many crows (乌鸦)are there in this city? 42 even a moments thought, Birbal replied There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord. How can you be so 43 ?” asked Akbar. Birbal said, Make yo
5、u men 44 , My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives(亲戚) here. If you find 45 crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere. Akbar was pleased very much by Birbals wise answer.( ) 36. A. questions B. help C. promise D. advice ( ) 37. A. commo
6、n B. friendly C. clever D. silent( ) 38. A. Though B. Because C. If D. As( ) 39. A. knew B. developed C. hated D. doubted( ) 40. A. order B. information C. danger D. situation( ) 41. A. ask B. wait C. try D. reach( ) 42. A. Before B. Without C. Through D. In( ) 43. A. smart B. brave C. fanny D. sure
7、( ) 44. A. catch B. discuss C. count D. visit( ) 45. A. fewer B. larger C. faster D. older 2013 2013河南省中考完形填空考点解析河南省中考完形填空考点解析 本题材为一篇幽默故事。题目设置上较注重对语篇整体理解能力和词义辨析的本题材为一篇幽默故事。题目设置上较注重对语篇整体理解能力和词义辨析的考查。根据语篇上下文的语意、逻辑和句法寻找线索，进行合理的推理和猜测，就考查。根据语篇上下文的语意、逻辑和句法寻找线索，进行合理的推理和猜测，就能做出正确的选择。能做出正确的选择。3636A A【解析解析】考查
8、考查名词意义辨析名词意义辨析。宾语宾语questionsquestions提示和动词提示和动词askask构成动宾关系构成动宾关系，表示，表示“问问题问问题”，由，由下下一段一段第一句可知第一句可知AkbarAkbar经常会问奇怪的问题。经常会问奇怪的问题。37. C37. C【解析解析】考查考查形容词意义辨析形容词意义辨析。前文前文had to had to “不得不不得不”，提示下文提示下文用形容词用形容词cleverclever表示表示“明智的；明智的；聪明的聪明的”。38.D38.D【解析解析】考查考查连词意义辨析连词意义辨析。下文下文“他的臣民们低下头寻找答案他的臣民们低下头寻找答案
9、”可知前文是时间状语从句，用可知前文是时间状语从句，用asas引导时间状语从句表示引导时间状语从句表示“当当时候时候”。39.A39.A【解析解析】考查考查动词意义辨析动词意义辨析。根据下句根据下句“他立刻明白了当前的形势他立刻明白了当前的形势”可知上文是伯巴勒可知上文是伯巴勒“知道知道”国国王猜谜的习惯。用动词王猜谜的习惯。用动词knewknew表示表示“知道；了解知道；了解”。40.D40.D【解析解析】考查考查名词意义辨析名词意义辨析。承接上文承接上文“他了解国王的习惯他了解国王的习惯”，说明他明白当时的，说明他明白当时的“形势形势”，用，用situationsituation表示表示“
10、情况；形势情况；形势”。41.C41.C【解析解析】考查考查动词意义辨析动词意义辨析。动词动词trytry 和和forfor连用连用，try fortry for 表示表示“谋求；尝试谋求；尝试”，和，和answeranswer构成动构成动宾关系，表示宾关系，表示“寻找一个答案寻找一个答案”。42.B42.B【解析解析】考查考查介词意义辨析介词意义辨析。下文下文他立刻说出了一个具体数字，和他立刻说出了一个具体数字，和eveneven“甚至甚至”的的提示提示意义说明上文意义说明上文是是“甚至没有经过片刻的思索甚至没有经过片刻的思索”，用介词，用介词withoutwithout表示表示“无；没有无
11、；没有”，表示否定意义。，表示否定意义。43.D43.D【解析解析】考查考查形容词意义辨析形容词意义辨析。对于他说出的具体数字，。对于他说出的具体数字，根据常理推测根据常理推测，国王是询问，国王是询问“你如何能这你如何能这么确信？么确信？”be surebe sure表示表示“确信的；有把握的确信的；有把握的”。44.C44.C【解析解析】考查考查动词意义辨析动词意义辨析。承接上文承接上文，伯巴勒回答国王的问题是，伯巴勒回答国王的问题是“让你的臣民们数一下让你的臣民们数一下”，用动，用动词词countcount表示表示“数数”，和上面的数字对应。，和上面的数字对应。45.A45.A【解析解析】
12、考查考查形容词比较级意义辨析形容词比较级意义辨析。综合这两句话的意义。综合这两句话的意义“如果多了就是有来走亲戚的；如果少如果多了就是有来走亲戚的；如果少了，是去走亲戚了了，是去走亲戚了”可以可以推断推断空格处用空格处用fewerfewer，表示，表示“少少”这一意义，和上句的这一意义，和上句的moremore对应。对应。二、完形填空的解题方法和技巧二、完形填空的解题方法和技巧 尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内内容容和语言习惯、和语言习惯、句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或
13、隐或现地间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一是十分重要的一步。我们必须自始至终步。我们必须自始至终依托语境依托语境，注意上下文之间、注意上下文之间、词与词之间、从语法到意义的合理搭配词与词之间、从语法到意义的合理搭配。 原则上讲完形填空的每一道题都原则上讲完形填空的每一道题都有暗示即有暗示即clues, clues, 有的在有的在本句中本句中，有的在前，称为，有的在前，称为前提示，前提示，有的在后，有的在后，称为称为后
14、暗示后暗示, ,有的暗含于有的暗含于语篇中。语篇中。 要充分利用首句的标示作用要充分利用首句的标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,howwhen,where,who,what,how) ) 要注意尾句的提示和总结作用要注意尾句的提示和总结作用1.故事的结局故事的结局2.问题的结论问题的结
15、论3.幽默或富有哲理的结尾幽默或富有哲理的结尾 留意文章中有中文注释的词留意文章中有中文注释的词有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。Step 1 抓住首尾，了解短文抓住首尾，了解短文完形填空。完形填空。 共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟分钟 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to pr
16、actice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9
17、-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8
18、 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.可以推测：可以推测： 这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了
19、孩子们大量的这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题，课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题，首句：首句： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities第三段首句第三段首句：“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.”中文注释：中文注释： an expert (专家专家)尾句：尾句： Kids need time to relax. Parent
20、s should 10 about what is right for kids.撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息： （1 1）XiaoQiang XiaoQiang 是个是个1212岁中国男孩。岁中国男孩。 （2 2）他有许多活动。）他有许多活动。 （3 3）专家认为过量的）专家认为过量的课程安排是个问题课程安排是个问题 。（4 4）孩子们需要时间休息。）孩子们需要时间休息。 Step 2 通读全文通读全文, 把握脉络把握脉络 Xiao Qiang， 通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、
21、明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。理清了观点、分清了层次。 本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种各样的于各种各样的after school activities after school activities 的问题，的问题，专家呼吁专家呼吁Kids need time to relax.Kids need time to relax. Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too manyactivitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afterno
22、ons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do therest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” Hesaid. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have toomany activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of ch
23、ild development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that theywished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem forChinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kidsand their parents. More families
24、eat dinner 7 or often eat fastfood 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We allknow it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.跳过
25、空格通读短文：跳过空格通读短文：Step 3 瞻前顾后，上下求索瞻前顾后，上下求索 本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案，并划出语篇标志和答题暗示。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。完形填空。完形填空。 （共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟）分钟） Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practic
26、e“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 s
27、aid they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 thei
28、r way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.平行结构平行结构1. A. take B. takes C. took D. ha
29、s taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving完形填空。完形填空。 共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟分钟 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do
30、 most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said th
31、ey felt 46 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way
32、 to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.前前提提示示后暗示后暗示1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has
33、 taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving相同或相似结构相同或相似结构完形填空。完形填空。 共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟分钟 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to
34、practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when weare 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities todo.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof thechildren aged 9-1
35、3 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 t
36、heir way tofootball practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learnhow to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learnwhen they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what isright for kids.因果关系因果关系表达心情的形容词表达心情的形容词应与表达心情的形容词匹配应与表达心情
37、的形容词匹配后暗示后暗示4. A. but B. or C. because D. so5. A. excited B. interested C. worried D. dangerous6. A. great timeB. full time C. right time D. free time完形填空。完形填空。 共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟分钟 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons
38、a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of chi
39、ld development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More familie
40、s eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for ki
41、ds.后暗示后暗示平行结构平行结构 7. A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. happily 8. A. on B. by C. in D. across 9. A. taller B. stronger C. older D. better10. A. hear B. think C. look D. tell固固定定搭搭配配结合句义推测结合句义推测固定搭配、语境固定搭配、语境 Step 4Step 4 再读文章，核查答案再读文章，核查答案 将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：争取做到：结构正确结构正确+ +语义通顺语义通顺+ +逻辑合理逻辑
42、合理。 保留解题痕迹的卷面：保留解题痕迹的卷面： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just
43、 want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-schedulin
44、g (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont le
45、arn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.后暗示后暗示平行结构平行结构固固定定搭搭配配结合句义推测结合句义推测固定搭配、语境固定搭配、语境前提示前提示后暗示后暗示平平行行结结构构 Step 4Step 4 再读文章，核查答案再读文章，核查答案 将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：争取做到：结构正确结构正确+ +语义通顺语义通顺+ +逻辑合理逻辑合
46、理。 Now we have conquered K2.具体解题步骤具体解题步骤1 1、抓住首尾，了解短文、抓住首尾，了解短文2 2、通读全文，把握脉络、通读全文，把握脉络3 3、瞻前顾后，上下求索、瞻前顾后，上下求索4 4、再读文章，核查答案、再读文章，核查答案勾划、研读勾划、研读首句尾句首句尾句以及有以及有中文注释中文注释的单词的单词, ,打开答题窗口打开答题窗口, ,了解全文。了解全文。跳过空格，跳过空格，速读全文速读全文，把握大意。注，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词, ,捕捉关键词汇。捕捉关键词汇。前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略前后联系，先易
47、后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。代入答案，再读全文，反复检查代入答案，再读全文，反复检查 争争取做到：取做到：结构正确结构正确+ +语义通顺语义通顺+ +逻辑合逻辑合理理。少于少于1分钟分钟约约5分钟分钟约约2分钟分钟约约2分钟分钟 完形填空解题技巧口诀完形填空解题技巧口诀要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。依语法，找搭配，根据常识来
48、选择。依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。特别提示：特别提示：三、解题误区1、单纯求快单纯求快忽略语篇理解忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。所有问题。 正确的做法是正确的做法是在整体理解语篇的基础上结在整体理解语篇的基础上结合语境选择合语境选择。2 2、时间安排不当时间安排不当，在几个选项上过分纠缠，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。追求完美，
49、导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。 正确的做法是正确的做法是由易到难，合理分配时间由易到难，合理分配时间。 Task 2Task 2 按照解题步骤，利用解题技巧两人小按照解题步骤，利用解题技巧两人小组完成组完成20142014年河南省中考模拟题，保留解年河南省中考模拟题，保留解题的痕迹。题的痕迹。 首、尾句及文章中心句：首、尾句及文章中心句： 关键词，提示词：关键词，提示词： 完形填空推荐圈点勾画符号：完形填空推荐圈点勾画符号： One day the bathroom door had slammed on Timmys finger. The doctor asked if we had f
50、ound the tip of Timmys finger. He said there was a small chance of 36 it if we could get it to him quickly. Pulling myself out of a daze, I ran back to the bathroom. 37 , it had already turned blue. I knew from the look on the doctors face that it was too late. I felt helpless, unable to take the pa