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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 作者：纳撒尼尔霍桑 2013年6月4日 外语系10-2班李雪 Comment on the red wordThe Scarlet Letter attained(取得) an immediate and lasting success because it addressed (处理)spiritual and moral issues from a uniquely American standpoint. In 1850, adultery（通奸） was an extremely risqu subject, but because Hawthorne ha
2、d the support of the New England literary（文学的）establishment（组织）, it passed easily into the realm of appropriate （适当的，合适的）reading. It has been said that this work represents the height of Hawthornes literary genius; dense with terse（剪短生硬的）descriptions. It remains relevant（有关的，切题的） for its philosophic
3、al and psychological depth, and continues to be read as a classic tale on a universal theme.6 Another consideration to note having to do with the books popularity is that it wasone of the first mass-produced books in America. Into the mid- nineteenth century, bookbinders（活页夹） of home-grown literatur
4、e typically hand-made their books and sold them in small quantities. The first mechanized printing of The Scarlet Letter, 2,500 volumes（册）, sold out immediately, was widely read and discussed to an extent not much experienced in the young country up until that time. Copies of the first edition are o
5、ften sought by collectors as rare books, and may fetch up to around $6,000 USD.远离尘嚣Much of the plot of Far from the Madding Crowd depends on unrequited love love by one person for another that is not mutual（相互的，彼此的） in that the other person does not feel love in return. The novel is driven, from the
6、 first few chapters, by Gabriel Oaks love for Bathsheba. Once he has lost his farm, he is free to wander anywhere in search of work, but he heads to Weatherbury because it is in the direction that Bathsheba has gone. This move leads to Oaks employment at Bathshebas farm, where he patiently consoles（
7、安慰） her in her troubles and supports her in tending the farm, with no sign he will ever have his love returned.This novel focuses on the way that catastrophe （大灾难）can occur at any time, threatening to change lives. The most obvious example occurs when Oaks flock（一群） of sheep is destroyed by an unlik
8、ely confluence of circumstances, including an inexperienced sheep dog, a rotted rail, and a chalk pit that happens to have been dug adjacent临近的 to his land. In one night, Oaks future as an independent farmer is destroyed, and he ends up begging just to secure 固定the diminished position of a shepherd.
9、This novel offers modern readers a clear picture of how important social position was in England in the nineteenth century and of the opportunities that existed to change class, in either direction. In the beginning, Oak and Bathsheba are social equals: he is an independent farmer who rents his land
10、, and she lives on her aunts farm next door to his, which is presumably大概的 similar in value. The only thing that keeps her from accepting his proposal of marriage is the fact that she just does not want to be married yet. After Oak loses his farm and Bathsheba inherits继承 her uncles farm, there is li
11、ttle question of whether they can marry their social positions are too different. She is more socially compatible合得来的 with Boldwood, who owns the farm next to hers and is in a similar social position.The Scarlet Letter offers an extraordinary insight into the norms and behavior of the 17th century i
12、f American Puritan society. The basic conflicts and problems of its main characters, however, are familiar to readers in the present. The female protagonist, has borne a child out of wedlock and has been jailed for over three months and sentenced to wear a symbol of her adultery, a scarlet “A” on he
13、r dreat all times. It concerns about the moral, emotional and psychological effect of the sin on people in general. Its not simply a love story or a story of sin. The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the scarlet letters to symbolize the harshneof Puritan society, showing how they brand sin
14、ners for life.The story happened in Boston about 200 years ago. It narrates love affairs between three persons. The punished woman. Hester Prynne and his husband. Who called himself Roger Chillingworth . He is an old misshapen man and a doctor. Hester does not love him at all. Another man is a young
15、 minister, Dimmesdale, who has a high position among ministers and is highly respected among his people in town. Hester and Dimmesdale love each other. But their love is forbidden in that time . It is sinful. Due to this,Hester is punished by society with a letter A on her chest, which considered an
16、 evil, a shame.In this novel, the mainline seems to be around the letter A. Hester is brave enough to face the cruel reality. She is always with a mind of courage. She has been alone with her child for so long , with litter communication. Shame! Hopelessness! Loneliness! Hester has to wear the lette
17、r A day after day, seven years as for punishment and ill fame.When a woman has lived through a difficult experience, her character changes a great deal. If she be all tenderness, she will die. If she survive, the tendernewill leave her .Hesters charitable deeds and quiet humility have earned her a r
18、eprieve from the scorn of the community. The letter on her chest represents her work on earth , always helping others, without expecting any thanks. Never afterwards, does that scarlet letter leave her chest. The townspeople no longer viewthe letter as a punishment , but rather as representing her g
19、reat strength and bravery and thy say it means “Able”.1. But Arthur Dimmesdale, his sin against Hester and Pearl is that he will not acknowledge them as his wife and daughter in the daylight. He keeps his dreadful secret from all those under his care in the church for seven years for fear that he wi
20、ll lose their love and will not be forgiven. He is too weak to admit his sins. He suffers from mysterious heart trouble, seemingly caused by psychological distress. Whats worse, he is an advisor to the townspeople about their sins.After Mr. Dimmesdales death , no one changes more in appearance than
21、Roger Chilling worth. All his strength and energy has been used to harm his patient . This unhappy man has made his aim in life to add to the suffering of the young minister. When the evil old man no longer has such a purpose, the devil takes him back to the hell . It is a curious subject of observa
22、tion, however, whether hatred or love are not of the same place. Each takes a great deal of emotion from one person. The two feelings seem basically the same, expect that one is smiled upon by God, while the other is worshipped by the devil.The two lovers has ever decided to flee to Europe, where they can live with their dauthter Pearl as a family .They feel a sense of release there. However, their plan fails When Hester dies, she is buried next to Dimmesdale. The two share a single tombstone, with a deep colored letter A shining brightly专心-专注-专业