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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上初中英语语法专项复习（一般过去时、一般现在时、一般将来时、现在完成时、被动语态）一、知识再现：一般过去时1、概念：（1）一般过去时表示_发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, _, in 2013, _等。如：I _(get) up at 6:00 this morning.（2）一般过去时也表示_发生的动作，常和_、_等表示频度的时间状语连用。如：My father often _(go) to work by bus two years ago.2、句式： （1）动词be的一般过去时waswere肯定式It was sunny
2、yesterday.We were in the library just now.否定式It _ sunny yesterday.We _ in the library just now.疑问式_ it sunny yesterday?Yes, it _./No, it _._you in the library just now?Yes, we _./ No, we _How _ the weather yesterday?Where _ you just now?（2）动词do的一般过去时（以work为例）肯定式：He _(work) in that factory last year.
3、否定式：He _(not work) in that factory last year.疑问式：a. _ he _(work) in that factory last year? Yes, he _./ No, he _.b. When _ he _ (work) in that factory?（3）There be 句型的一般过去时A. There was肯定式：There _(be) a bird in the tree a moment ago.否定式：There _(be) a bird in the tree a moment ago.疑问式：a. _(be) there a
4、bird in the tree a moment ago? Yes, there _./No, there _. b. What _(be) in the tree a moment ago?B. There were肯定式：There _(be) some shops in the street last year.否定式：There _(be) _ shops in the street last year.疑问式：a. _(be) there _ shops in the street last year? Yes, there _./No, there _. b. How many
5、shops _(be) there in the street last year?3、动词过去式的构成（1）规则动词的过去式构成规则原形过去式读音一般在动词原形末尾加_.watchvisit清辅音后面读作 ，浊辅音、元音后面读作 ，t、d后面读作 。结尾是e的动词加_loveuse末尾只有一个_ 的重读闭音节词，先双写它，再加_shopplan以_加y结尾的动词，先变_ 为_, 再加_studytry（2）不规则动词的过去式（九年级课本第171页不规则动词表涵盖了初中阶段所学过的不规则动词，同学们要经常复习）。请写出下列动词的过去式：have -_ go-_ see-_ buy-_ take
6、-_sing-_ write-_ wear-_ come-_ find-_（二）用所给动词的适当形式填空：Tom _(have) a great time on the school trip. He _(go) to Blue Water Aquarium for the day. First he _(visit) the Visitors Center and _(watch) a movie about sharks. Then he _(see) a big octopus. After lunch, they _(buy) lots of gifts. Finally, tired
7、 but happy, he _(take) the bus back to school. 二、知识再现：一般现在时1、概念：（1）一般现在时表示_的状态。如：She _(be) twelve. They_(be) at home.（2）一般现在时也表示_或_的动作，常和always、usually、_、_、today、in the morning、every day,once a week 等表示频度的时间状语连用。如：My father often _(go) to work by bus every day.（3）一般现在时还表示主语具备的_等。如：She _(like)apples.
8、 They _(know) English.2、句式： （1）动词be的一般现在时amisare肯定式I am a student.He is twelve.They are at home.否定式I _ a student.He _ twelve.They _ at home.疑问式_you a student?Yes,_./No,_._he twelve?Yes,_./No,_._they at home?Yes,_./No,_.What _you do?How _ is he?_ are they? （2）动词do 的一般现在时(以like为例)第一、二人称，三人称复数第三人称单数肯定式
9、They like apples.He likes apples.否定式They _(not like) apples.He _( not like) apples.疑问式_they _ (like) apples?Yes,_./No,_._he _ (like) apples?Yes,_./No,_.What _they _(like)?What _he _(like)?注意：当主语是第三人称单数时，动词形式有下列几种变化：1、 大多数动词在词尾加“_”，在清辅音后发音为s，如： help_, like_ 在浊辅音及元音后发音为 z, 如：swim_ , play_ 2、以“s, x, ch
10、, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“_”，发音为iz 。如： teach_, watch_ 3、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将_变为_，然后在加“_”,读iz。 如：study_, carry_ 4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“_”，读z 如： 如：go_ do_5、特殊变化的有：have _（二）用所给动词的适当形式填空：Toms home _(be) about 10 kilometers from school. He _(get) up at 6:00 every day, _(shower) and _(have) a quick breakfast. Then he _(leave) for
11、 school at around 6:30. First, he _(ride) his bike to the bus station. Then the early bus _(take) him to school. 三、知识再现：一般将来时1、概念：一般将来时表示_某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow, _week, _ _year, in_等。 如：We _ (come) to see you later on.2、句式：肯定式: People _(use) money in 100 years.否定式: People _ (use)
12、money in 100 years.疑问式: _ people_ (use) money in 100 years? Yes, they _ /No, they _. What _ people _(use) in 100 years？3、现在进行时也可以用来表示按_或安排将要发生的动作，有“意图” 或“_”等含义。 如：-What_ you _(do) for vacation? -Im _ (visit) my friend in Hong Kong.4、“_ _ _+动词原形”表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。 如：I _ _ _ study computer scienc
13、e in the future.四、知识再现：现在完成时一 基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 二句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)No, 主语 + havent/hasnt.(否定)三用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：
14、郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. for+时段since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从以来）since+时段+agosince+从句（过去时）It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 四has gone (to),has bee
15、n (to), has been (in) 的区别 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五现在完成时的标志1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有
16、影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: * 以already, just和yet为标志 He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。He hasnt come back yet.他还没有回来。* 以ever和never为标志This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。* 以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA
17、 three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+before He has got to Beijing so far.到目前为止他已到了北京。She has passed the examso far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。* for+时段 since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志注意： 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday,last week, three years
18、 ago 等; 2)不能与when连用 2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用六过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live-lived-lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried (4)、重读闭音节结
19、尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 2、不规则见课本后附表。（二）用所给动词的适当形式填空In ten years, I think I_ (be) a reporter. I _(live) in Shanghai. I think I _(meet) lots of interesting people. I _(have) many different pets. I _ (play) tennis every day.I I think I _(go) to Hong K
20、ong on vacation._【综合应用】 用所给动词的适当形式填空：My aunt Maria is an actress. She _(be) thirty-five years old now. She often _(appear) on the stage as a young girl. Maria _(take) part in a new play next week. She _(be) a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stocki
21、ngs. Last year in another play, she _(wear) short socks and a bright, orange-colored dress，she _(look) very beautiful. If someone _(ask) her how old she is, she always answers, “Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up! ”Since five years ago,She_(perform) more than 30performances.She_(be)famous f
22、or several years.主动语态与被动语态被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。 (人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的) 1)一般现在时： am/is are+P.P. 2) 一般过去时： was/were+P.P. 3) 情态动词： can/must/should+P.P. 4)现在进行时：_am/is/are+being+P.P._5)一般将来时：_will+be+P.P._6)现在完成时：_have(has)+P.P._特殊情况：1.make sb do sth变为被动语态应该为：sb +be+made+to do sth 2.感官动词变为被动语态，应该为
23、：sb+be+heard/seen/watched+ to do sth【被动语态专项练习】( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949.A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2 English _ in Canada.A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( )3 This English song_ by the girls after class.A. often sings B. oft
24、en sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 6 Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 7 -Id liy that coat.-
25、Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold( )8A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 9 The key _ on the table when I leave.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 10 Doctors _ in eve
26、ry part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( )11 His new book_ next month.A. will be publishedB. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published( ) 12 Japanese _ in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 13 These papers_yet. A. have not writtenB. have not been written C. has not writtenD. has not been written( ) 14 The sports meet _ be held until next week.A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt（ ）15. Mary _ show me her new dictionary. A. has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to 专心-专注-专业