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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Lesson OnePre-class Work Read the text a third time. Learn the new words and expressions listed below. Glossary accomplishment n. the act of finishing sth. completely and successfully; achievement acquire v. to gain; to get for oneself by ones own work arrogantly adv. behaving in a prou
2、d and self-important way aspirin n. 阿司匹林（解热镇痛药） assume v. to take as a fact; to suppose available adj. able to be used or easily found bachelor n. s degree: the first university degree beanpole n. (infml) a very tall and thin person bull n. a male cow certify v. to state that sth. is true or correct
3、, esp. after some kind of test civilized adj. educated and refined; having an advanced culture client n. a person who pays for help or advice from a person or organization continuity n. the state of being continuous cyanide n. 氰化物 democratic adj. based on the idea that everyone should have equal rig
4、hts and should be involved in making important decisions 民主的 disaster n. a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering. Here: a complete failure drugstore n. (AmE) a shop which sells medicine (and a variety of other things) enroll v. to officially arrange
5、to join a school or university expertise n. skill in a particular field expose v. to enable sb. to see or experience new things or learn about new beliefs, ideas, etc. faculty n. (AmE) all the teachers of a university or college fragment n. a small piece of sth. generate v. to produce grind v. to cr
6、ush into small pieces or powder by pressing between hard surfaces hip n. the fleshy part of either side of the human body above the legs humanity n. the qualities of being human implicitly adv. in an implied way 含蓄地 inevitable adj. certain to happen and impossible to avoid literal adj. in the basic
7、meaning of a word maintain v. to continue to have as before Neanderthal n. an early type of human being who lived in Europe during the Stone Age nevertheless adv. in spite of that; yet peculiar adj. belonging only to a particular person; special; odd penetrating adj. showing the ability to understan
8、d things clearly and deeply pest n. (infml) an annoying person pharmacy n. a shop where medicines are prepared and sold. Here: the study of preparing drugs or medicines philosophy n. the study of the nature and meaning of existence, reality, etc. 哲学 pill n. a small solid piece of medicine that you s
9、wallow whole preside v. to lead; to be in charge professional adj. relating to the work that a person does for an occupation, esp. work that requires special training pursuit n. the act of trying to achieve sth. in a determined way push-button adj. using computers or electronic equipment rather than
10、 traditional methods qualified adj. having suitable knowledge or experience for a particular job rear v. to care for a person or an animal until they are fully grown resources n. possessions in the form of wealth, property, skills, etc. that you have 资源 savage n. an uncivilized human being scroll n.
11、 Here: a certificate of an academic degree semester n. one of the two periods into which the year is divided in American high schools and universities (=term in BrE) sensitive adj. able to understand or appreciate art, music or literature shudder v. to shake uncontrollably for a moment specialize v.
12、 to limit all or most of ones study to particular subjects 专修 species n. (infml) a type; a sort specimen n. Here: a person who is unusual in some way and has a quality of a particular kind spiritual adj. related to your spirit rather than to your body or mind store v. to keep suffice v. to be enough
13、 Proper Names : Aristotle 亚里士多德 Bach 巴赫 Chaucer 乔叟 Dante 但丁 Einstein 爱因斯坦 Hamlet 哈姆雷特 Homer 荷马 La Rochefoucauld 拉罗什富科 Shakespeare 莎士比亚 Virgil 维吉尔 Another School Year What For John Ciardi Read the text once for the main idea. Do not refer to the notes, dictionaries or the glossary yet. Let me tell yo
14、u one of the earliest disasters in my career as a teacher. It was January of 1940 and I was fresh out of graduate school starting my first semester at the University of Kansas City. Part of the student body was a beanpole with hair on top who came into my class, sat down, folded his arms, and looked
15、 at me as if to say All right, teach me something. Two weeks later we started Hamlet. Three weeks later he came into my office with his hands on his hips. Look, he said, I came here to be a pharmacist. Why do I have to read this stuff And not having a book of his own to point to, he pointed to mine
16、which was lying on the desk. New as I was to the faculty, I could have told this specimen a number of things. I could have pointed out that he had enrolled, not in a drugstore-mechanics school, but in a college and that at the end of his course meant to reach for a scroll that read Bachelor of Scien
17、ce. It would not read: Qualified Pill-Grinding Technician. It would certify that he had specialized in pharmacy, but it would further certify that he had been exposed to some of the ideas mankind has generated within its history. That is to say, he had not entered a technical training school but a u
18、niversity and in universities students enroll for both training and education. I could have told him all this, but it was fairly obvious he wasnt going to be around long enough for it to matter. Nevertheless, I was young and I had a high sense of duty and I tried to put it this way: For the rest of
19、your life, I said, your days are going to average out to about twenty-four hours. They will be a little shorter when you are in love, and a little longer when you are out of love, but the average will tend to hold. For eight of these hours, more or less, you will be asleep. Then for about eight hour
20、s of each working day you will, I hope, be usefully employed. Assume you have gone through pharmacy school or engineering, or law school, or whatever during those eight hours you will be using your professional skills. You will see to it that the cyanide stays out of the aspirin, that the bull doesn
21、t jump the fence, or that your client doesnt go to the electric chair as a result of your incompetence. These are all useful pursuits. They involve skills every man must respect, and they can all bring you basic satisfactions. Along with everything else, they will probably be what puts food on your
22、table, supports your wife, and rears your children. They will be your income, and may it always suffice. But having finished the days work, what do you do with those other eight hours Lets say you go home to your family. What sort of family are you raising Will the children ever be exposed to a reas
23、onably penetrating idea at home Will you be presiding over a family that maintains some contact with the great democratic intellect Will there be a book in the house Will there be a painting a reasonably sensitive man can look at without shuddering Will the kids ever get to hear Bach That is about w
24、hat I said, but this particular pest was not interested. Look, he said, you professors raise your kids your way; Ill take care of my own. Me, Im out to make money. I hope you make a lot of it, I told him, because youre going to be badly stuck for something to do when youre not signing checks. Fourte
25、en years later I am still teaching, and I am here to tell you that the business of the college is not only to train you, but to put you in touch with what the best human minds have thought. If you have no time for Shakespeare, for a basic look at philosophy, for the continuity of the fine arts, for
26、that lesson of mans development we call history then you have no business being in college. You are on your way to being that new species of mechanized savage, the push-button Neanderthal. Our colleges inevitably graduate a number of such life forms, but it cannot be said that they went to college;
27、rather the college went through them without making contact. No one gets to be a human being unaided. There is not time enough in a single lifetime to invent for oneself everything one needs to know in order to be a civilized human. Assume, for example, that you want to be a physicist. You pass the
28、great stone halls of, say, M. I. T., and there cut into the stone are the names of the scientists. The chances are that few, if any, of you will leave your names to be cut into those stones. Yet any of you who managed to stay awake through part of a high school course in physics, knows more about ph
29、ysics than did many of those great scholars of the past. You know more because they left you what they knew, because you can start from what the past learned for you. And as this is true of the techniques of mankind, so it is true of mankinds spiritual resources. Most of these resources, both techni
30、cal and spiritual, are stored in books. Books are mans peculiar accomplishment. When you have read a book, you have added to your human experience. Read Homer and your mind includes a piece of Homers mind. Through books you can acquire at least fragments of the mind and experience of Virgil, Dante,
31、Shakespeare the list is endless. For a great book is necessarily a gift; it offers you a life you have not the time to live yourself, and it takes you into a world you have not the time to travel in literal time. A civilized mind is, in essence, one that contains many such lives and many such worlds
32、. If you are too much in a hurry, or too arrogantly proud of your own limitations, to accept as a gift to your humanity some pieces of the minds of Aristotle, or Chaucer, or Einstein, you are neither a developed human nor a useful citizen of a democracy. I think it was La Rochefoucauld who said that
33、 most people would never fall in love if they hadnt read about it. He might have said that no one would ever manage to become human if they hadnt read about it. I speak, Im sure, for the faculty of the liberal arts college and for the faculties of the specialized schools as well, when I say that a u
34、niversity has no real existence and no real purpose except as it succeeds in putting you in touch, both as specialists and as humans, with those human minds your human mind needs to include. The faculty, by its very existence, says implicitly: We have been aided by many people, and by many books, in
35、 our attempt to make ourselves some sort of storehouse of human experience. We are here to make available to you, as best we can, that expertise.Lesson Two alert adj. watchful and ready to meet danger birch n. 桦树 bough n. a main branch of a tree cabin n. a small roughly built house chase v. to drive
36、 away; to cause to leave creek n. a long narrow stream crouch v. to lower the body close to the ground by bending the knees and back cub n. a young meat-eating wild animal like bear, lion, tiger, wolf, etc. detain v. to keep sb. from leaving during a certain time dim v. to become less bright doc n.
37、(infml AmE) a doctor drift v. to be driven along by wind flake n. a very small flat thin piece that breaks away easily from sth. else; snow : 雪花 grasshopper n. 蚱蜢 howl n. a long loud cry, esp. made by wolves as in pain, anger, etc. leap v. to jump high into the air lick v. to move the tongue across
38、the surface of sth. in order to eat it or clean it mantle n. a loose outer sleeveless garment. Here it is used figuratively. meadow n. a field with wild grass and flowers mischievous adj. eager to have fun by playing harmless tricks muzzle n. the nose and mouth of an animal such as a dog, a wolf or
39、a horse numb adj. unable to feel anything because of coldness pace n. a single step in running or walking partner n. sb. who does the same activity with you 伙伴 paw n. an animals foot that has nails or claws pierce v. to make a hole in or through (sth.) using sth. with a sharp point pine n. 松树 poke v
40、. to push or move sth. through a space or opening puppy n. a young dog (puppy-wool here refers to the wool of the wolf cub) realize v. to understand restless adj. unwilling or unable to stay quiet and still rifle n. a type of gun fired from the shoulder rocket n. 火箭 rooster n. (AmE) a cock rumble n.
41、 a deep continuous rolling sound shack n. a small and not very strong building shiver v. to shake, esp. from cold or fear slash v. to make a long deep cut with sth. sharp like a knife smother v. to cover thickly snarl n. a low angry sound while showing the teeth soaked adj. very wet with some liquid
42、 spear v. 用鱼叉刺 spurt v. to come out quickly and suddenly in a thin, powerful stream squat v. to sit with your knees bent under you, your bottom off the ground, and balancing on your feet 蹲；蹲坐 squirrel n. a small animal with a long furry tail that climbs trees and eats nuts 松鼠 stir v. to move slightl
43、y thicken v. to become thicker thrill v. to feel very happy and excited toll n. to take a : to have a very bad effect on sb. or sth. trapper n. a person who catches wild animals for their fur unchained adj. without a chain whimper v. to make low crying sounds wiggle v. (infml) to move in small movem
44、ents from side to side, or up and down wolf n. a wild animal that looks like a large dog and lives and hunts in groups wool n. the soft thick hair of sheep and some goats (Here it refers to the hair of the wolf.) Text A Maheegun My Brother Eric Acland The year I found Maheegun, spring was late in co
45、ming. That day, I was spearing fish with my grandfather when I heard the faint crying and found the shivering wolf cub. As I bent down, he moved weakly toward me. I picked him up and put him inside my jacket. Little Maheegun gained strength after I got the first few drops of warm milk in him. He wig
46、gled and soon he was full and warm. My grandfather finally agreed to let me keep him. That year, which was my 14th, was the happiest of my life. Not that we didnt have our troubles. Maheegun was the most mischievous wolf cub ever. He was curious too. Like looking into Grandmas sewing basket which he
47、 upset, scattering thread and buttons all over the floor. At such times, she would chase him out with a broom and Maheegun would poke his head around the corner, waiting for things to quiet down. That summer Maheegun and I became hunting partners. We hunted the grasshoppers that leaped about like li
48、ttle rockets. And in the fall, after the first snow our games took us to the nearest meadows in search of field mice. By then, Maheegun was half grown. Gone was the puppy-wool coat. In its place was a handsome black mantle. The winter months that came soon after were the happiest I could remember. They belonged only to Maheegun and myself. Often we would make a fire in the bushes. Ma