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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上广州英语-上海牛津版-七年级下-重点语法Unit1MakingFriendswouldliketodo”表示“想做”=wanttodoE.g.Iwouldlike/wanttoplaybasketball.我想打篮球。Playingchess是动词-ing短语，用在is后面作表语动词-ing短语还可以作主语enjoy+doing形式finish,keep,practise等+doingsth.workas从事工作E.g.Heworkedasabusdriverwhenhewas20.Heiskeenonrunning.beinglasses=bewearingglas
2、ses意思是“戴着眼镜”=Iamwearingglasses舞者dance+r演员act+or招待员wait+er工程师engine+er表示“参加某一组织”，“代表某一队伍”时，常用介词ononeof+superlative（最高级）+n.(plural)（名词复数），表示中最（怎么样）的之一E.g.BeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.不定冠词a&an当第一次提及某人或某物时，在名词前使用a或an当以辅音音素开头的单词时，前面用aE.g.ahouse,ausefulbook当以元音因素开头的单词时，前面用anE.g.anapple,anhour定冠词t
3、he当我们在次提及到某人或某物时，在名词前用the在表示独一无二的事时要用the国家名和地名前面不用the，例外：theUK,theUSAplaytheguitar,playvolleyball乐器前加the，球类前不加the序数词前加the，三餐前不加the，指一家人前加themany+C.修饰可数名词much+U.修饰不可数名词atthebeginningof在的开始attheendof在的末尾inthemiddle在中间whynot+dosth.=whydontyoudosth.Unit2OurDailyLife单数概念：onetheother两者中的一个，另一个E.g.Ihavetwo
4、brothers.Oneisadoctor,andtheotherisateacher.单数概念：oneanother三者或三者中的一个，另一个复数概念：someother+n.(pl.)一些，另一些（无明确范围）E.g.SomestudentscomefromYuexiu,somearefromBaiyunandothersarefromPanyu.复数概念：sometheother+n.(pl.)一些，另一些（有明确范围）E.g.Therearenineapplesonthetable.Somearered,theothersaregreen.一般现在时频率副词通常位于：be动词，助动词，
5、情态动词的后面，行为动词的前面。sometimes还可以位于句首。一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态、日常行为习惯或客观事实等。谓语动词是be动词的变化：否定句：主语+be+not+其它一般疑问句：be+主语+其它特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？谓语动词是行为动词的变化：主语+行为动词原型（+其它当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在行为动词后加“-s”或“-es”否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原型（+其它）一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？动词第三人称单数形式的构成：1.一般的动词后面直接加-s，如：wa
6、lkwalks2.以-s,-x,-sh或-ch结尾的动词后加-es，如：discussdiscusses3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-es，如：studystudies4.特殊变化，如：dodoeswith+身体特征，经常用来描述一个人的动作、体态特征、外貌或身上的装饰品E.g.thegirlwithbigeyes,theboywithhishandsonhisheadbein+颜色+衣服表示穿着什么颜色的衣服E.g.beintheblueT-shirt,beinthewhiteshirtUnit3Troublesinteresting、exciting通常用来描述事物inter
7、ested、excited通常描述人keep意为“保持”，连系动词。后跟形容词构成系表结构。表示“保持某种状态”。类似用法的连系动词还有feel,become等E.g.feelhot,becomemorebeautiful一般过去时表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，一般与表示过去的时间状语连用。规则动词的过去式变化方式：1.一般的动词后面加-ed2.以-e结尾的动词后面加-d3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed4.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edbewas/werebringbroughtbuyboughtcancouldcome
8、camedodiddrivedrovefallfellgetgotgivegavegowenthearheardknowknewmeetmetleaveleftputputrideroderunransaysaidseesawspeakspokestandtoodstealstoletaketookteachtaughtwearwore-ed发音规则：清辅音后发/t/，浊辅音、元音后发/d/，t、d后发/id/E.g.askedturnedarguedstartedendedfewerandfewerfriends朋友越来越少lessandlessmoney钱越来越少Unit4Hobbiesa
9、ll的部分否定和全否定：肯定句：Allthestarsarethesame.所有的星星都是一样的。部分否定：Notallthestarsarethesame.=Allstarsarenotthesame.全否定句：Noneofthestarsarethesame.(none/nn/所有都不)Its+adj.+todosth.做什么事情是怎样的。It是形式主语，真正的主语是todosth.E.g.ItsimportanttolearnEnglishwell.=TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.=LearningEnglishwellisimportant.-ed修饰人，
10、-ing修饰物few修饰可数，less修饰不可数aswellas连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用“就远原则”，也就是跟最前边的主语保持一致。E.g.Theteacheraswellasthestudentswantstoseethefilm.when从句可放在主句前或后，当位于主句之前时，句中要用逗号隔开。when时间状语从句中，主句与从句的时态要一致。区别except/besides和exceptfor：except：指“（不包括本身在内的）除之外”，“-”E.g.HegetsupearlyeverydayexceptSunday.besides：指“（包括本身在内的）除之外”，“+”E.g.
11、Fiveotherswerelatebesidesme.exceptfor：指前后比较范围是不同类型的E.g.Exceptforoneoldman,thebuswasempty.Unit5Encyclopaedias当neithernor连接两个主语时，主谓一致采用“就近原则”，即跟后边的那个主语保持人称和数的一致。E.g.Neitheryounorsheiswrong.Neithershenoryouarewrong.anumberof“许多的；大量的”，=many，修饰可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。E.g.Anumberofstudentsareplayingonthepla
12、yground.Countable&UncountableNoun可数与不可数名词：单数复数近this这个these这些远that那个those那些修饰可数名词：不定冠词(a,an)，数词many,(a)few,several,anumberof修饰不可数名词：much,(a)little,agreatdealof共同的：some,all,alotof,lotsof可数名词复数的构成方法：1.一般在名词后加-s：dogdogs2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词加-es：watchwatches3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词改y为i再加es：countrycountries4.以o结尾的名词，加-
13、s或-es：potatopotatoes,tomatotomatoes5.以f,fe结尾的名词，改f,fe为v加-es：knifeknives6.需要记忆的特殊复数形式复合词的复数：改中心词为复数girlstudentgirlstudents一张纸apieceofpaper,一条建议apieceofadvice,一条新闻apieceofnews,一支粉笔apieceofchalk,一瓶墨水abottleofink,一碗米饭abowlofrice,一杯啤酒aglassofbeer,一公斤盐akiloofsalt一单选题1.-Can I talk to you for a minute, Bob?
14、-Sure, I have _ time.A.a few B.little C.few D.a little2.Neither animals nor plants can live on the moon because there is _air or water on it.A.enough B.few C.no D.little3.-_ does the nice coat cost? -Only thirty dollars.A.How many B.How much C. How few D. How little 4.-I got a letter from my friend
15、but there wasnt _ news.A. many B.much C.few D.little5.Last time I wasnt _ in the exam. I made a lot of mistakes.A. careful enough B.enough careful C.carefully enough D.enough carefully 6.Though he has a lot of money, he has_ friends. So he always feels lonely.A.few B.a few C.little D.a little7.I am
16、afraid the T-shirt is_ expensive. I wont take it.A. too much B.much too C.too many D.many too8. There isnt_ cooking oil left .Could you go and buy _ ,dear?A.some;some B.any; any C. some;any D. any;some9.-Would you like_ ? -Yes, please.A. some breads B.a few milk C. two kilo of meats D.a little water
17、10.Linda, hurry up! There is only _ time left.A.a few B. a little C.few D. little1. 反意疑问句反意疑问句是由两部分组成的，前一部分是对事物的陈述（即陈述句），后一部分是简短的提问（即简短疑问句），中间用逗号隔开。如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑问句；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑问句。两部分的人称和时态要一致。其回答是用yes或no来表示。肯定反意疑问句的回答和否定反意疑问句的回答翻译成汉语是有区别的：1）肯定反意疑问句回答时yes和no翻译成汉语时是一致的：例如：Its new, isnt
18、it? Yes,it is. （“这是新的，对吗？”“是，是新的。”）Its new, isnt it? No,it isnt.（“这是新的，对吗？”“不，不是新的。”）2）而否定反意疑问句回答时yes和no翻译成汉语时是不一致的：如：It isnt new, is it? Yes,it is. （“这不是新的，对吗？”“不，是新的。”）It isnt new, is it? No,it isnt.（“这不是新的，对吗？”“是，不是新的。”） 初中英语反意疑问句练习题1. I suppose the shoes will last you at least one year, _? A. wo
19、nt they B. will they C. do I D. dont 2. Everyone is surprised at the news, _? A, is he B. are they C. arent they D. is not he 3. - You will come to have dinner with us, wont you? - _ A. Excuse me, I wont. B. I havent been there. C. You are welcome. D. Yes. Thats very nice of you. 4. Tom isnt a hard-
20、working student, for it is the third time he has been late, _? A. wasnt it B. hasnt it C. isnt it D. hasnt he 5. You dont have to go school on Sundays, _ you? A. have B. do C. should D. would 6. I dont think he had his supper at the school, _? A. had he B. did he C. do I D. dont you 7.I dont think h
21、ed like to take such a difficult job, _? A. had he B. would he C. do I D. dont you 8. I dont think her passports gone, _? A. is it B. has she C. do I D. dont you 9. Do pay attention to my work and keep your eyes open all the time, _? A. will you B. dont you C. shall we D. wont we 10. All the drivers
22、 dislike driving on the narrow roads _? A. dont they B. dont each of them C. do I D. dont you 11. Lets go and have a walk,_? A. do B. shall C. havent D. shant 12. Go and fetch a chair for him, _? A. dont you B. shall you C. wont you D. will you 13. There used to be a shop behind the factory, _? A. d
23、idnt there B. used there C. usednt it C. didnt it 14. Im sure he must have been sleeping at the moment, _? A. arent I B, mustnt C. wasnt he D. hasnt 15. I had to tell the truth, _? A. hadnt I B. wouldnt I C. didnt I D. shouldnt I 16.- Why is Tom absent now ? -He must be sick,_? A. isnt he B. must he
24、 C. is he D. mustnt he 17, Hed like to have a look at your picture,_-he ? A. hadnt B. didnt C .couldnt D .wouldnt 18. You dont think he will come,_? A. do you B. will you C. will he D. wont he 19. Lets go home, shall we? _. A. Thats right. B. Thats all C. Thats all right D. All right 20. Jack had di
25、nner with his mother at home yesterday, A. did B. does C. didnt D. hadnt 21. Let John finish the work all by himself,_? A. shall we B. will you C. do you D. do we 22.I dont think it is going to rain, _ it? A. do I B. do you C. is D. isnt 23. Nothing the boy did was right, _ it? A. was B. did C. wasn
26、t C. didnt 24. Its the first time that she has been to the United States, _? A. isnt she B. isnt it C. hasnt she D. hasnt it 25. He was hardly able to stand on his feet after the car accident,_ he? A. could B. couldnt C. was D. wasnt 26. Jack seldom goes to the park, _? A. does he B. doesnt he C. do
27、es Jack D. doesnt Jack 27. People use tag question (反意疑问) because they are not sure of what they have said _they? A. do B. did C. didnt D. dont 28. Everyone wants to be chosen for the work, _? A. isnt he B. does he C. dont they D. do they 29. She is going to see you ,_ she ? A. isnt B. is C. dont D.
28、 doesnt 30. They used to live in these mountain areas ,_ they? A. did B. didnt C. used D. werent 31. He ought to go by plane, _he ? A. shouldnt B. wouldnt C. should D. would 32. Lovely weather! _? A. Yes. You are right. B. Yes ,isnt it C. No, it is D. No, you are wrong 33. - You must do as I tell yo
29、u. -Oh, I must, _I? A. should B. mustnt C. ought D. must 34. We must start earlier,_ we? A. neednt B. mustnt C. dont D. mustnt 35. You must have studied English for many years, _ you? A. didnt B. havent C. neednt D. mustnt 36. She must have arrived there yesterday, _ she ? A. didnt B. hasnt C. needn
30、t D. mustnt 37. We mustnt be late, _ we? A. must B. may C. are D. A&B 38, I neednt show her the keys to the question, _ I? A. must B. need C. can D. do 39. We need to practice speaking English more often, _ we? A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. dont 40. I have to work this afternoon,_ I? A. dont C, hav
31、ent D. do2. 现在进行时构成：be + v-ing. 助动词be的形式要根据主语的人称和数来决定。1、现在进行时的标志：Look! Listen! Now，Its oclock, 等词2、现在进行时的基本用法：a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情或当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 We are waiting for you. Im doing my homework now. They are watching TV.b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Mr. Green is writing another novel(小说
32、).(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)3、动词-ing的变形规则1）一般情况直接加-ing。Playplaying looklooking gogoing2）以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing。writewriting taketaking 3）重读闭音节，双写末尾的字母，再加ing。 swimswimming c.已经确定或安排好的将来活动 Im leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已经安排了） were flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了） d.有些动词（状态动词）不用于进行时态 1.表示知道或了解的动词:believ
33、e, forget, imagine, know, remember, understand 2.表示“看起来”“看上去, seem 3表示喜爱或不喜爱 hate, like. lover. prefer 4表示构成或来源的动词 be come from. 5表示感官的动词 hear， see， smell， sound， taste 6表示拥有的动词belong to, need. own . want wish何时使用现在进行时：(1)当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时(2)以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时用现在进行时。(3)表示当前一
34、段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。如： We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如： Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. Look! The grandma _(run)after the grandson.2. Listen! Th
35、e students _(sing)an English song.3. Dont go out. It_(rain)hard now.4. Tom _(read) a book now. 5. Is your father _(fish) now? 6. Are they _(have) breakfast now?7. The children _(not listen) to the music now.8. What are you _(do) now? I _(eat) bread. 9. Its nine oclock. My father_(work) in the office
36、.10. Look, the boy_(put) the rubbish into the bin. 11. _he_(clean) the classroom? No, he isnt. He_(play). 12. Where is Make? He_(run) on the grass.13. Listen, who_(sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary_(sing) there. 14. It is half past eight now, but they _(still have) their supper at home.15. Look! Jim
37、 _ （play） basketball on the playground.16. What _ the students _ (do) there? They _ (have) an English evening.17. Listen! Some birds _ (sing) outside in the yard.用动词的适当形式填空1.She _ (go) to school at eight oclock.2.Its six oclock. They are _ supper. (eat)3.He usually _ up at 17:00.(get )4I _(be) from
38、Australia.5Jane and Tom _ (be) my friends.6There _ (be) some glasses on it.7My uncle _ (live)in Nanjing now.8_ Lucy and Lily _ (like)China?9Li Lei _ (not like)to drink orange soda.10_Kate _ (speak) French? Yes, she does.11Jim _ (not ride) his bike often.12Tom _ (not do)the morning exercises often.13
39、Tom and his father _ (swim) now.14Look ! They _ (run) along the street.II.选择填空1He often _ supper at 6:00 in the evening. A. have B. has c. is having D. is eating2. Its 6 oclock in the morning. He _. A. get up B. gets up C. is geting up D. is getting up3. What are you doing? Im _ TV. A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watching4. We _ any Chinese classes on Friday. A. are having B. arent having C. dont have D. are have5. Tom _ an English class now. A. is having B. has C. h