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1、高考英语总复习之书面表达、写作目录第一部分 多样句式构造完美框架第二部分 巧妙衔接流畅行文过渡第三部分 万能句型充实各种文体第四部分 百变魔句点亮写作情景第五部分 写作模板构造完美框架第六部分 话题素材谱写极优篇章第七部分 学习传统文化弘扬民族精神Part1Part1多样句式多样句式, ,构造完美框架构造完美框架-3-一二三四一、正确使用一、正确使用5种基本句型种基本句型句式1:主语+谓语(不及物动词)此句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点是句子的谓语动词能表达完整的意思,这类动词被称为不及物动词,后面可以接副词、介词短语、状语从句等。Mid-Autumn Day falls on the
2、fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.中秋节是在阴历第八个月的第十五天。【秒杀】我现在写信告诉你一些有关的详情。(2018全国卷,书面表达)Now,I am writing to inform you of some relevant details. -4-一二三四句式2:主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语此句式的句型特点为谓语动词均为及物动词,是主语发出的动作,但是不能表达完整的意思,其后必须接一个宾语(宾语可以是名词、代词、动词-ing形式或不定式),即动作的承受者,才能表达完整的意思。All of us respect our English tea
3、cher very much.我们都非常尊敬我们的英语老师。-5-一二三四【秒杀1】在你上一封信中,你问我有关到中国朋友家做客的事情。(2018全国卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】你最好带些礼物,比如,一本书或一个中国结。(2018全国卷,书面表达)【秒杀3】人们在节日或婚礼期间经常用剪纸美化他们的家。(2017全国卷,书面表达) In your last letter,you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friends home.Youd better bring some gifts,like a book or a Chinese knot
4、.People often beautify their homes with paper-cutting during festivals and weddings.-6-一二三四句式3:主语+系动词+表语此句式就是我们常提到的主系表结构。该句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样,其中谓语动词需用系动词,表语多是形容词,也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式或动词-ing形式等。Students are becoming more and more interested in reading.学生们对阅读越来越感兴趣了。【秒杀1】希望这些建议对你有帮助。(2018全国卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】我很高兴了解到,
5、你对唐诗感兴趣。(2017全国卷,书面表达)Hopefully,these suggestions would be helpful for you.I am delighted to know you are interested in Tang poems.-7-一二三四句式4:主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语此句式中的谓语动词必须接两个宾语才能表达完整的意思,其中一个是表示人的间接宾语,另一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般情况下,间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。Ive decided to buy my mother a worthy gift.我决定给我妈妈买一件配得上她的礼物。【秒杀
6、1】对于茶文化,我给了他们一个生动、富有知识性的介绍。(2018北京卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】我希望这个更改不会给你造成太多麻烦。(2016全国卷,书面表达)I gave them a vivid and informative introduction of tea culture.I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.-8-一二三四句式5:主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语此句式中的动词虽然是及物动词,但只接一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须再加上一个成分来对宾语进行补充说明,这样才能使意思完整。宾语补足语直接跟在宾
7、语后面,补充说明宾语的情况。I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.我认为有可能用另一种方法解决这道题。-9-一二三四【秒杀1】我诚心地邀请你参观我们学校,参加我们都喜欢的体育运动。(2018全国卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】我以前做志愿者的经历可能有助于我解决在(接待)过程中潜在的问题。(2018浙江卷,书面表达) I sincerely invite you to visit our school and join in the sports we all like. My previous experience
8、 as a volunteer may help me settle the potential problems in the process.-10-一二三四二、灵活使用非谓语动词二、灵活使用非谓语动词1.使役动词let/make/have/get/keep/leave.sb/sth do/doing/done.使/让做/正在做/被做【秒杀1】如果你还有问题,请尽管让我了解。(2018北京卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】你不该留下你的同桌一个人打扫教室,而你却回家了。【秒杀3】我们不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。If you have further questions,please feel f
9、ree to let me know.You shouldnt have gone home,leaving your deskmate cleaning the classroom.We cant leave such an important matter unfinished.-11-一二三四2.感官动词see/notice/watch/hear.sb/sth do/doing/done.看到/注意到/观察到/听到某人/某物做/正在做/被做【秒杀1】听到他们唱这首歌,我情不自禁地想起了我愉快的童年。【秒杀2】回到家,看到妈妈正在做晚饭,我赶紧去帮她。Hearing them singin
10、g the song,I couldnt help thinking of my pleasant childhood.Arriving home and seeing my mother preparing supper,I hurried to help her.-12-一二三四3.when/while/once/unless/although.+doing/done.当/有一次/除非/虽然做/被做【秒杀1】当被提供帮助的时候,人们常说“谢谢”或“你真好”。【秒杀2】吃饭咀嚼食物时,你需要避免发出声响。(2018全国卷,书面表达)When offered help,people often
11、 say “Thank you” or “Its kind of you”.When enjoying the meal,you need to avoid making noises while chewing food.-13-一二三四4.having done.已经做【秒杀1】我曾在一次夏令营活动中做过志愿者,所以觉得适合这个职位。【秒杀2】在完成了英语作文以后,他开始阅读当天的中国日报。5.by doing.通过做【秒杀】只有更加努力,我们才能取得更大的进步。Having served as a volunteer in a summer camping,I feel Im fit f
12、or the position.Having finished his English composition,he started to read China Daily of that day.Only by making greater efforts can we make greater progress.-14-一二三四6.疑问词+to do【秒杀1】我写信是为了告诉你什么时间,在哪里上我们的中文课。【秒杀2】另外,我们应该学会如何与他人相处。7.only to do/to be done 结果却【秒杀】上周五下午,当我赶往机场给你送行时,却发现你乘坐的飞机正在起飞。Im writ
13、ing to tell you when and where to have our Chinese lesson.In addition,we should learn how to get along well with others.On last Friday afternoon,I hurried to the airport to see you off,only to find your plane was taking off.-15-一二三四8.with+宾语+宾语补足语【秒杀】随着体育馆的建成,我们能够进行各种不同的体育活动了。(2018全国卷,书面表达)9.have di
14、fficulty/trouble (in) doing sth做有困难/麻烦【秒杀】让我感到很担心的是,我很难用英语表达自己。With the gymnasium built,a wide range of sports activities can be carried out.Much to my worry,I have difficulty in expressing myself in English.-16-一二三四三、规范使用复合句三、规范使用复合句1.名词性从句(1)I wonder whether/if.我想知道是否【秒杀】不知道能否请您帮我个忙。(2)What impres
15、sed/surprised/shocked me most was that.最使我印象深刻/惊讶/震惊的是【秒杀1】最使我印象深刻的是他们从不丧失信心。【秒杀2】最使我惊讶的是这些交流生竟然能把京剧唱得很好。I wonder if you could do me a favour.What impressed me most was that they never lost heart.What amazed me most was that the exchange students should perform Peking Opera so well.-17-一二三四(3)It is+
16、important/necessary/strange that.重要的/必需的/奇怪的是【秒杀】重要的是我们应该坚守自己的梦想。(4)That/This/It is why/because.那/这就是为什么/因为【秒杀1】那便是他如此喜欢这个地方的原因。【秒杀2】那就是为什么我认为长江之行是一个更好的选择。(2017北京卷,书面表达)It is important that we should stick to our dreams.That is why he likes the place so much.Thats why I think the trip along the Yang
17、tze River is a better choice.-18-一二三四(5)The reason why.is that.的原因是【秒杀】我一直很健康的原因是我每天坚持锻炼至少1个小时。(6)The chances are (that).很可能【秒杀】在寄宿家庭的帮助下,我可能很快就能适应英国的风俗习惯了。(7)No one can deny the fact that.没有人能否认的事实。【秒杀】没有人能否认吸烟能致癌这一事实。The reason why Im always healthy is that I insist on exercising at least one hour
18、 every day.The chances are that I will fit in with English customs with the help of my host family.No one can deny the fact that smoking leads to cancer.-19-一二三四(8)Sb hold(s) the belief/view that.某人(坚定地)持有这样一种观点。【秒杀】多数人坚定地持有这样一种观点,即教育能改变人的命运。Most people hold the view that education can change ones f
19、ate.-20-一二三四2.状语从句(1)when/while当的时候【秒杀】当我把答案给老师看的时候,老师表扬我具有独立思考的能力。(2)on condition that.在条件/前提下;如果【秒杀】我会把这本书借给你,前提是你不把它弄脏。When I showed my answer to him,the teacher praised me for my ability of independent thinking.Ill lend this book to you on condition that you keep it clean.-21-一二三四(3)each/every t
20、ime每次,每当【秒杀】每次想起那伤感的往事时,我就觉得非常对不起我的母亲。Every time I think about the sad experience,I feel very sorry for my mother.-22-一二三四(4)the first time第一次【秒杀】第一次看见你时,我就意识到好像以前在哪里见过你。(5)as soon as/the moment/the instant/immediately/directly/instantly一就【秒杀】她想让你一到家就给她回电话。(6)as/so long as只要【秒杀】只要我们紧密团结,就能克服这些困难。The
21、 first time I saw you,I realized I seemed to have met you somewhere before.She wants you to call her back as soon as you reach home.We can surely overcome these difficulties as long as we are closely united.-23-一二三四(7)providing/provided/suppose/supposing (that).如果;假如【秒杀】假如没有干净的水,我们喝什么?(8)before在之前;还
22、没来得及就;才【秒杀1】我还没来得及说一句话,他就冲出了房间。【秒杀2】过了很长时间我才再一次睡着。Supposing that there is no clean water,what shall we drink?He rushed out of the room before I could say a word.It was a long time before I fell asleep again.-24-一二三四(9)(ever) since自从【秒杀1】格林先生自从三年前到中国以来,就一直在那所学校教书。【秒杀2】自从你来到我们学校已经两周了。(2016天津卷,书面表达)(10
23、)as当时候;一边一边;随着【秒杀】除夕,我们一边聊天,一边包饺子。Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.It is two weeks since you came to our school.On New Years Eve,we make dumplings as we talk.-25-一二三四3.定语从句(1)As you can see in.正如你在中看到的那样【秒杀】正如你在图画中所看到的那样,外面刮风下雨,而温室里的花却长势良好。(2)As sb put(s) it.
24、正如某人所说的那样【秒杀】正如我们教练常说的那样,只要我们坚持,一切皆有可能。As you can see in the drawing,it is windy and rainy outside,and yet the flower in the greenhouse is at its best.As our coach often puts it,everything is possible if we stick to it.-26-一二三四(3)As we all know./As is known to all.众所周知【秒杀】众所周知,学习英语没有捷径。(4)which引导非限制
25、性定语从句,意为“这”【秒杀】首先,根据我们的传统,你应该早到,这样,你就能帮助东道主家庭准备饭,这既有意义又有趣。(2018全国卷,书面表达)As we all know,there are no short cuts to learning English.To begin with,according to our tradition,you are supposed to arrive early,so that you can help the host family prepare the dinner,which is meaningful and interesting.-27
26、-一二三四(5)one of the+最高级+复数名词+定语从句中的一个【秒杀】我建议你申请上北京大学,这是曾经培育出无数杰出人才的中国最好的大学之一。(2018北京卷,书面表达)I suggest you apply for Peking University,one of the best universities in China that have cultivated countless brilliant talents.-28-一二三四四、高调使用特殊句式四、高调使用特殊句式1.强调句型(1)It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他【秒杀1】有价值的不是故事本身,而是故事所
27、反映的内容。【秒杀2】从以上所述可知,正是激烈的竞争和缺乏交流才产生了这种现象。(2)It is/was not until.that.【秒杀】直到八点钟,他才意识到自己一整天都在上网。It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. From what has been mentioned above,it is fierce competition and lack of communication that give rise to the phenomenon.It was not un
28、til 8 oclock that he realized he had spent the whole day on the Internet.-29-一二三四(3)主语+谓语+特殊疑问词+it is/was+that+其他【秒杀1】我想知道到底是什么让你如此高兴。【秒杀2】他不知道到底是谁给了他那么多钱。(4)强调谓语时,借助于“do/does/did+动词原形”【秒杀】我们以小组为学习单位,而且大家确实非常开心。 I wonder what it is that makes you so happy.He did not know who it was that gave him so
29、much money.We study as a group and all of us do enjoy ourselves.-30-一二三四2.倒装句(1)Only+状语/状语从句+部分倒装只有【秒杀】只有当我们更多地为别人考虑的时候,我们才能创造一个和谐的环境。(2)not only.but also.不仅还【秒杀】正如我们都希望的,这不仅有意义,也会很有趣。 (2018全国卷,书面表达)(3)not until.直到才【秒杀】直到失去了健康,我们才明白它的价值。Only when we think more for others can we create a harmonious e
30、nvironment.As we all expect,not only will it be meaningful but also interesting.Not until we lose our health do we realize its value.-31-一二三四(4)as尽管【秒杀】尽管我很累,但从来没有这样开心过。(5)so+形容词/副词+that.如此以至于【秒杀】我是那样的兴奋,以至于我迫不及待地试骑一下我的新自行车。(6)Hardly.when./No sooner.than.一就【秒杀】让我们扫兴的是,我们一到农场,天就开始下起雨来。Tired out as I
31、was,I never felt so happy.So excited was I that I couldnt wait to try my hand at riding my new bicycle.Much to our disappointment,hardly had we got to the farm when it began to rain.-32-一二三四(7)Were/Should/Had sb.如果某人【秒杀1】如果我是你,我就不会那样做。【秒杀2】要是你工作努力的话,你早就完成了。(8)Up/Down/In/Out/Now/Then/Next.+全部倒装【秒杀】下一
32、步,到了我要求他们亲自尝试的时候了。(2018北京卷,书面表达)(9)In front of/At the foot of.+全部倒装【秒杀】一座古老的寺庙屹立在山脚下。Were I you,I wouldnt do that.Had you worked hard,you would have finished it early.Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves.At the foot of the mountain stands an old temple.Part2Part2巧妙衔接巧妙衔接,
33、,流畅行文过流畅行文过渡渡-34-过渡1过渡2过渡3过渡4过渡5起始起始与顺序与顺序起始关系:to begin with,first of all,as you know,as is known,as is shown in.,according to.等。【秒杀】首先,请接受我诚心的道歉,没有及时回复你上一次的来信。To begin with,please accept my sincere apology for not replying to your last letter in time.-35-过渡1过渡2过渡3过渡4过渡5时间顺序:at the beginning,then,la
34、ter,finally,at last,in the end,afterwards,since then,after that,immediately,meanwhile等。【秒杀】首先我擦去所有家具上的灰尘,接着我把所有的散落在屋子里的东西收拾起来放好,然后拖了地。At the beginning,I wiped the dust off all the furniture.Then I collected all the things scattered in the rooms and put them in place.After that,I mopped the floor.-36
35、-过渡1过渡2过渡3过渡4过渡5并列并列与转折与转折并列关系:and,or,as well as,not only.but also.,either.or.,neither.nor.等。【秒杀】我相信你既会欣赏这部影片,也会从中更好地了解中国的历史。转折关系:but,yet,however,while,otherwise,on the contrary,nevertheless等。【秒杀】我很想与你一起去参观长城,但是,我明天有一个重要考试。Im sure that youll enjoy the film as well as learn much about the history of
36、China.I would like to visit the Great Wall with you.However,I have an important exam to attend tomorrow.-37-过渡1过渡2过渡3过渡4过渡5条件条件与因果与因果条件关系:if,unless,in case (of),as/so long as,on condition that,provided (that)等。【秒杀】如果被选中,我将把全部精力和时间投入到这项工作中。(2018浙江卷,书面表达)因果关系:because,as,since,for,thanks to,due to,as a
37、 result of,so,therefore,as a result/consequence等。【秒杀】我特别喜欢篮球,因为它一直给我力量让我面对生活中的挑战。(2018全国卷,书面表达)If chosen,I will devote all my energy and time to the job.I am particularly fond of basketball because it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.-38-过渡1过渡2过渡3过渡4过渡5列举列举与递进与递进列举事实
38、:such as,for example/instance,take.for example,that is to say,as follows,in other words,on the one hand.on the other (hand).,for one thing.for another.等。【秒杀】一方面,我能通过做这样的事赚些钱来帮助父母;另一方面,我能从中获得一些经验。On the one hand,I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents.On the other hand,I can gain some ex
39、perience from it.-39-过渡1过渡2过渡3过渡4过渡5递进关系:besides,whats more,moreover,furthermore,whats worse,still less,to make matters worse,worse still,more importantly等。【秒杀1】况且,欢迎你们每一个人参加。(2018全国卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】更糟的是,有些司机、骑自行车的人和行人们不认为遵守交通规则是重要的。Whats more,everyone of you will be welcome to participate in it.Whats wo
40、rse,some drivers,cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.-40-过渡1过渡2过渡3过渡4过渡5观点与总结观点与总结表示观点:in my opinion,in my view,in my point of view,as far as I am concerned,as for me,personally等。【秒杀】依我看来,它们代表爱、友谊和团结。总结:in short,in brief,in conclusion,in a word,to sum up,all in all,o
41、n the whole,in general,generally speaking等。【秒杀】总的来说,旅游是丰富我们的生活、为新的挑战做准备的最好选择。In my point of view,they stand for love,friendship and unity.On the whole,traveling is the best choice to enrich our lives and get ready for the new challenges.Part3Part3万能句型万能句型, ,充实各种文体充实各种文体-42-文体1文体2文体3应用文应用文邀请信1.Its my
42、 honour to invite you to.非常荣幸地邀请您2.Were holding a party for Toms birthday.Wed like to invite you to the party.我们将为汤姆举办生日派对。我们想邀请你参加。3.We are having/planning.on.and we feel it would be our honour if you can join us.我们将于举行,如果你能来参加将会是我们的荣幸。4.I wonder if you would like to come to my birthday party.我想知道你
43、是否愿意来参加我的生日派对。-43-文体1文体2文体35.To begin with,we will.Besides,there will be lots of activities such as.which will.首先,我们将此外,将会有很多活动,例如这将6.The following are some details about this activity./Here are some details about this activity./Some details about this activity are as follows.活动的细节如下。7.I would appre
44、ciate it if you could do me a favour.如果你能帮我个忙,我会非常感激。8.I would feel much honoured if you could come.如果你能来,我将倍感荣幸。-44-文体1文体2文体39.We would appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.如果你能在你方便时尽早确认参加,我们将不胜感激。10.We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is
45、convenient for you.如果方便的话,我们希望你能接受我们的邀请。11.An early reply is appreciated.我会非常感激你的早日回复。12.Im sure youll have a good time in Beijing.我确信你在北京会玩得很开心。13.Im looking forward to seeing you.我盼望着见到你。-45-文体1文体2文体3申请信1.I am writing to apply for the position of the Chinese teacher.我写信申请汉语教师一职。2.I learned on your
46、 website that.我从你们的网站上得知3.Im writing to apply for a valuable chance to be.The following are my advantages.我写信申请的宝贵机会。以下是我的优势。4.I am extremely glad to see your advertisement for.看到你登的的广告,我非常高兴。5.I am confident that Im equal to doing./Im suitable for./Im qualified to do.我确信,我能胜任做/我适合/我有做的资格。-46-文体1文体2
47、文体36.I would really appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.如果你能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。7.I would appreciate it if I have the chance of doing/to do.如果我有做的机会,我将不胜感激。-47-文体1文体2文体3建议信1.I am writing to give you a hand/give you some suggestions.我写这封信的目的是给你一些帮助/建议。2.Im pleased to receive y
48、our letter asking for my advice on how.非常高兴收到你的来信,在信中,关于如何你向我征求建议。3.As for/When it comes to.I would like to recommend/suggest.关于/当涉及我想推荐/建议4.Youve asked me for advice regarding/with regard to.and Ill try to make some suggestions.关于你向我征求建议,我会尽量提出一些建议。5.My suggestions are as follows./The following are
49、 my suggestions.我的建议如下。-48-文体1文体2文体36.You may consider doing the following things.你可以考虑做如下的事情。7.I know you have trouble in learning English after reading your letter.在读了你的信之后,我知道你在英语学习上有困难。8.It is important to do.as.做很重要,因为9.You may/might as well have a try.你不妨试一试。10.If I were you,I would help him.如
50、果我是你,我会帮助他。11.Doing.is a better choice.做是一个更好的选择。-49-文体1文体2文体312.I hope my suggestions will be of benefit to you./I hope you will find these suggestions useful.我希望我的建议对你有益。/我希望你认为这些建议有帮助。13.I hope you will take my advice into consideration.我希望你会考虑我的建议。14.I feel that it would be useful if you stick t