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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上反义疑问句一、反意疑问句要点简述反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是在陈述句后,对陈述句所叙述的事实提出的疑问。其基本结构有两种:一是“肯定陈述句简略否定问句”;二是“否定陈述句简略肯定问句”。反意疑问句后一部分的主谓与前一部分的主谓要保持人称、助动词及时态等方面的一致,即“三同一反”的原则。这种疑问句的回答要根据事实,肯定的用“Yes, ”。否定的用“No, ”。如:It looks like rain, doesnt it?He doesnt need to work so late, does he?二、学习反意疑问句,特别要注意的问题1)陈述部分的主语是this, t
2、hat时,疑问部分的主语多用it;陈述部分的主语是these, those时,疑问部 分的主语多用they 如:This is a dictionary, isnt it?Those are shelves, arent they?2)陈述句如果是there be结构时,疑问句部分仍用there。 如: There once was a man named Saint Nicholas, wasnt there?3)在英语口语中,“I am +表语结构”,后面的反意疑问句多用arent I来体现。 如: I am very interested in learning English, are
3、nt I?4)陈述句的主语是动词不定式,动词的-ing形式或从句时,疑问部分的主语多用it来体现。 如: Taking care of our environment is very important, isnt it? What he said is right, isnt it?5)陈述句中含有not, no, hardly, neither, never, few, little, too to等否定词或具有否定意义的词时,疑问 部分常用肯定形式。 如: Few people knew the news, did they? Tom has never been to England
4、, has he?但陈述句中如果带有否定意义的前缀和后缀的单词时,整个句子仍视为肯定句,反意疑问部分多用 否定形式。 如: She is unhappy, isnt she?6)陈述句的主语是nobody, no one, everyone, somebody等不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语多用they(当 强调全体时)或he(当强调个体时)。如果陈述句的主语是something, nothing, anything, everything等 不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语多用it。 如:No one knows him, do they?Someone is waiting for you,
5、 isnt he?Nobody says a word about the accident, do they? Everything seems all right, doesnt it?7)陈述句是主从复合句时,如果主句的谓语动词是think, believe,suppose 等词,且主语是第一人称I或 we时,反意疑问部分的人称、时态与宾语从句保持一致,同时还要考虑到否定的转移(否定前移)。 如: I believe that the boy can get a ticket for you, cant he? I dont think he is bright, is he? We b
6、elieve she can do it better, cant she? 若是第二第三人称的话,反义疑问句应该看主句:She thought it is meaningless,didnt she? 如果是转述的要注意:He said that you were in hospital,werent you?(这里是对着那个you说的) 8)祈使句的反义疑问句中:lets 的要用shall we;let us 的要用will you;其他形式的都用will you。 如:Go and get it for me, wont you?去帮我取个东西,好吗? Lets meet at the
7、airport, shall we ? 我们在机场碰头,行不行? Have a little more wine, will you ? 喝点儿酒,好吗? 9)must的反义疑问句:陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。 A must表示“应该”,其疑问部分用mustnt(不应该) 如:You must work hard next term, mustnt you ? 下学期你应该努力学习,对吗? Bmust表示“必须”,其疑问部分用neednt(不必) 如:They must finish the work today, neednt they? 他们今天必须要完成这项工
8、作,是吗? C陈述部分含情态动词mustnt,表示禁止时,疑问部分就可以用must或may, 如:You mustnt stop your car here, must you? (may we?)你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗? Dmust表示推测 ,其疑问部分必须与must 后面的主要动词相呼应。 如:对现在动作或存在的情况的推测 : You must know the answer to the exercise, dont you? 你一定知道这项练习的答案,是不是? That must be your bed, isnt it? 那一定是你的床,是吗? 对过去发生的动作或存在的情况的推
9、测:句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语,这时疑问部分 中的动词就用现在完成时。(havent / hasnt + 主语) You must have told her about it, havent you? 你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗? 10)have作为动词的反义疑问句:have to 的短语,且只充当一般动词的作用,助动词为do,does,和普通的一般疑问句没有任何差别,提问还是用do,does引导。 We have to finish it ,dont we?当用have,has做助动词的时候,疑问句才用它们引导 如:She has seen it,hasnt she?这里的助动词就
10、是has当陈述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成时态时,疑问句应用hadnt等开头: Youd better get up early, hadnt you? 其他情况句中有have时疑问句应用dont等开头;如have表示“有”的时候,有两种形式:do或 have He has two sisters,doesnt he? =He has two sisters,hasnt he? He doesnt have any sisters, does he?当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语),问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“d
11、idnt+主语”或“wasnt/werent+主语”;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语”。 She must have read the novel last week,didnt she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说,是吗? You must have told her about it, havent you?你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗? 11)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。 We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say
12、 so, dare you? 当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。 She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she? 12)感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。 What colours, arent they? What a smell, isnt it? 13)陈述部分由neither nor, either or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 14)陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。 I wish t
13、o have a word with you, may I? 15) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldnt / oughtnt +主语。 He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he? 16) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didnt +主语或 usednt +主语。 He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he? 17) 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。 He
14、 would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he? 18) 陈述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。 Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?反意疑问句的回答 无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。例 -He likes playing football, doesnt he
15、? 他喜欢踢足球,是吗? -Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 是的。/ 不是。 -His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗? -Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加。反意疑问句的练习1. Youd rather watch TV this evening, _? A. isnt it B. hadnt you C. wouldnt you D. wont you2. I suppose youre not going today, _
16、? A. are you B. do I C. dont I D. arent you3. I wish to shake hands with you, _? A. shall I B. may I C. do I D. will I4. There is little water in the bottle,_? A. is it B.isnt it C.is there D.isnt there 5. They have to study a lot, _? A. dont they B. havent they C. did they D. hadnt they6. Lets go a
17、nd play basketball,_? A.do you B.shall we C.will you D.dont you7. Im sure dirty, _? A. am I B. isnt I C. arent I D. am not I8. She has gone abroad,_? No. She is still teaching us English at our school now. A.is she B.isnt she C.has she D.hasnt she9. Thats the sort of the book you want, _? A. is it B. isnt that C. is that D. isnt it10. Go and open the door for us ,_? A.dont you B.shall we C.wont you D.do you 专心-专注-专业