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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上动名词作主语和动词不定式做主语的区别?动词不定式与动名词的区别:) to+V 放句首为动词不定式,用法与V+ing差不多,多用于后面所说的事情还没有发生。例:To be a author is my dream. V+ing 放句首是动名词,其相当于名词,例:Doing lots of exercise is good for health. 一般来讲,to+ v. 表主动,表将来,表一次行动作。 -ing 表主动,表进行。 动词不定式与动名词的一些用法:) 不定式与动名词都可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但用法不尽相同。 1作主语 一般情况下,不定式与动名词作主
2、语可以互换,也常常可以用it充当形式主语,而把不定式和动名词放在句子的后半部分。但二者也有区别,不定式常常指某次具体的、将要发生的行为;而动名词则表示一般的、抽象的行为。例如: To save money now is not easy. 现在攒钱不容易。 Saving money is a good habit. 攒钱是个好习惯。 2作定语 不定式多为后置定语,动名词多为前置定语;不定式多表示将来的动作,动名词只能表示事物的属性、用途等。例如: He is looking for a room to live in.他正在找一间房子去住。 Take these sleeping pills
3、and youll sleep better. 吃了这种安眠药,你会睡得更好。 3作宾语: 有些动词后只能跟不定式作宾语,不能跟动名词作宾语;有些动词后常跟动名词作宾语,不能跟不定式作宾语;有些动词后跟不定式和动名词作宾语皆可,1、 动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为,不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。例如: Collecting information about childrens health is his job. 收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。 Its necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher.
4、与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。 2、常用不定式做主语的句型有: (1)Its difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to do (2)Its kind (good, friendly, polite, careless, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave) of sb. to do. 3、常用动名词做主语的句型有: Its no good (use, fun) doing. Its (a) waste of time ones doing.另:1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动
5、作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It
6、 took me only five minutes to finish the job.动名词和不定式做主语的相同点 1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时,常常为了保持句子的平衡,用it来做形式主语,如: It is not easy to learn English well. It is no use asking him for help. 2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性,如: To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (眼见为实) It is better to s
7、tay home than _A_ out. A. to go B. going C. go D. gone .动名词和不定式做主语的不同点 1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念时,多用动名词,如: _B_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk 2.在”There/It +be+ no use(good/help/need)”之后常用动名词做主语,而少用不定式,如: It /There is no use crying
8、over the split milk. It /There is no help taking this medicine. 但是如果该句型中用了for引出不定式的逻辑主语,就只能用不定式,如: There is no good for us to do that exercise. 3.不定式可以和when, where, how, what, whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语,而动名词则不能,如: How to solve the problem is a hot potato. Where to put the box seems hard to decide. Whether to do it hasnt been decided. What to do next is up to you.专心-专注-专业