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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上改错好像一直都是我们专八复习中的难点，有些错误根本就看不出来啊有姆有啊，好不容易看出来了一个还不是要改的那个错误啊有姆有，即便看出来也未必能改对有姆有啊，有的时候甚至连一半的分都拿不到啊有姆有但是看完这篇攻略后，相信你不会再迷茫改错是一道基础性题目，考查的是基础语言能力，因为专八没有单项选择题（语法、词汇），所以对基础能力的考查都放在改错这一道题目上。改错主要考查：1.语法是否扎实；2.词汇掌握是否丰富，词汇的搭配与用法；3.对篇章结构（句子间逻辑关系）是否敏感以下八大高频考点的分类出自华研专八人文知识与改错，现将八大类错误整理如下，主要包括：1.短语搭配错误；2.易
2、混词错误；3.逻辑关系错误；4.代词错误（一致错误）；5.冠词错误；6.形容词和副词使用错误；7.成分残缺或冗余；8.动词时态或语态错误。 笔者认为这八类错误基本涵盖了改错考试中出现的错误，首先了解错误类型，对应对改错具有重要意义。 另外，笔者在总结华研专八人文知识与改错和星火专八改错满分突破60篇两本练习册中近100篇改错题的基础上，搜集其中出现的所有典型错误例子（语法词汇类错误居多），并根据所属错误类型整理如下。（注意：带的表示前边的是错误的，后边的是改正之后的；其他的没有正确错误之分）1.短语搭配错误 （大部分为介词错误）carry/get with things carry/get o
3、n with thingsto let alone let alonein return to in return forthe need of the need forsubstitute A with B substitute A for Baccount 70%- account for 70%under the grounds of/that on the grounds of/thatattitude on life attitude towards/to lifein a quick speed at a quick speedwith many respects in many
4、respectsat the face of in the face(s) ofconsiderations to considerations forbecome victims of - become victims to ride in a train ride on a trainthe problems with the government the problems for the governmentresistive against resistive toresistance of resistance toembark sth embark on sthwith the b
5、elief that in the belief thatat advance of sth in advance of sthinterpret to interpret asin line to in line withto varing degrees in varing degreestake pride of take pride inleap out to me leap out at meinject them lethal strains inject them with lethal strainscharge himwiththe same price charge him
6、 the same priceimbalance of A and B imbalance between A and Bshortage of protein with them shartage of protein among themfortify sb for sth fortify sb against sth (加强以抵御)shed light to sth shed light on sthin proportion with in proportion topay for it with dollars pay for it in dollarsbe in liberty t
7、o be at liberty tobegin at doing begin with doingbe contrasted to be contrasted withcommit an offence to commit an offence againstmodern time modern timesability of (doing) sth ability in (doing) sthdefend sth against defend sth fromat the first place in the first placepay money in doing pay money f
8、or doingtake to do take to doing (“求助于，开始”，to为介词)yearn to yearn forat average on averageidentify oneself to identify oneself withbe successful on doing be successful at/in doingget ones teeth on get ones teeth into(埋头做，认真做)the action of formation the action of forming (of后应接动名词而非名词)approach to do ap
9、proach to doing one contributor of one contributor toconsumers demand of luxury goods consumers demand for luxury goodson ones 30s in ones 30sbalk to balk at (回避，绕过)differ A from B distinguish A from Bsuit to sb/sth suit for sb/sthvary by vary withemphasis of emphasis on2.易混词错误(1)形近异义词imaginative im
10、aginaryadapt adoptconfirm conformformer formaldiary dairypersonal personnelbeside besidesprincipal principleintelligent intelligibleconscious conscientiousstationary stationeryconsiderate considerableaffect(影响) effect(致使、达成)contact contractmoral moraleindustrious industrialdesert dessertrequire acqu
11、ire inquirepresence presentationsensible sensitivetransformation transmissionvalue evaluatetense tensionanything somethingcooker cookcomplexity(复杂性) complex(合成体)insurance assuranceprovide(提供) provided/providing(假设，如果)perceive conceiveeffective(有效的) affective(受影响的，由引起的)(2)形近(形异)近义词latter laterlate(迟的
12、，已故的) latest(最晚的，最新的)farther(距离更远) further(程度更进一步)healthy(健康的) healthful(有益健康的)effective efficientcontinual(连续的) continuous(持续不断的)respectable respectfulhistoric historicalrise arise raise arousesure insure ensure assurein return to in response toopposite oppositionproducing productivelonely aloneacr
13、oss crossimpressed - impressivepermit(n.通行证) permissionrelating relatedmemorizing memorablenormal(n.常态,通常标准,一般水平) norm(规范,行为标准)favorite favorableacceptability acceptanceeconomical economicfew littlea few fewlittle a littleinvent discoverbefore agoanother otheragent(代理人) agency(代理机构)reward(回馈) award(
14、奖赏)special specific(3)兼有两种形式的副词firstly first (firstly用于列举条目或者表示顺序，first表示时间上“第一次、首次”)hardly(几乎不) hard(努力地)sure surelylate latelyclear(完全地、径直地) clearly(显然、清楚地)high(高度高地) highly(程度高地、非常)close(接近地、紧密地) closely(紧密地、严密地)most(最) most(大部分)(4)反义词with withoutpossible impossiblesubjective objectiveimport expo
15、rtbetter worseemployee employeremployment unemploymentmodifiable unmodifiablenatural unnaturaldiscernable indiscernablelent borrowedexclusive inclusiveindependency dependencywilling unwillingnothing more than nothing less thanagree disagreerarely frequently / oftenspecific generalless more (still mo
16、re still less)most leastknown unknownrespective irrespective (irrespective of表示“不管”)majority minorityresult in result fromfortunately - unfortunatelypowerful powerlesseasiness uneasinessprofessional amateuraware unawareinclude exclude(5) 名词单复数异义moral morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示“道德、伦理”)collection(不可数名词表示“各种因
17、素集合体”) collections(可数名词表示“收藏品”)manner(方法,方式) manners(礼仪,礼节)saving savings(复数表示“存款”)specie(硬币) species(种类)（species只有单数）mean(n.平均值) means(方法)(6) 易混短语live with(同一起生活,忍受) live by(靠过活)go about (doing) sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流传,经常从事于) go around(四处走动,绕道走)tend to intend toin next week(以当下时间为基准点) in the next week(以过
18、去的时间为基准点)spend in doing sth spend on sthdie of(内部) die from(外部)rather than other thanhave sb do sth have sth donetake on(从事，开始对付，呈现) go on(继续)take place take the place ofconsist in(在于) consist of(包括)in all(总共) after all(毕竟)in return(作为报答) in turn(反过来，轮流)one reason for +短语 one reason why +句子bring out
19、(使显露，使显现) bring up(教育，培养，提出，(船)抵达目的地)be worth doing be worthwhile to doreact to(对作出反应) react with(以作出反应)apply to(将应用于) apply for(请求，申请)3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）therefore nevertheless/however(大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然)and but / whileor andbut becausemoreover howeverafter beforesince althoughthere is no the
20、re is alsothat iffrom now on from then onall nonebesides yetif unlessbesides excepttherefore becauseso becauseso does he neither/nor does hethats why +结果 thats because +原因as if even ifwhether if4.代词错误（一致错误）their itsthat those(需要特别注意)which that (有些情况下关系代词只能用that)which whatit itself (主宾相同，宾语用反身代词)that
21、/this it (只有it可作形式主语)his ones (泛指时用one)you yourselfit theythis suchXX is less sophisticated than what they are today XX is less sophisticated than they are today5.冠词错误(1)定冠词多余on the either side on either sidein the Europe inEuropein the winter in winter (季节前不加定冠词)Kaufman, the/an author of a recent b
22、ook Kaufman, author of a recent book(同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词)take the issue take issue(对持异议，不同意)(2)定冠词缺漏among most among the mostone of first one of the firstatmosphere the atmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)（另外还有如：the Equator, the Outerspace）between us and rest between us and the restin minority in the minorityaround
23、floor around the floorpiano the piano (西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)English language the English languageat heart of at the heart ofworld the world(表示“地球”这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)in long run in the long run(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用illustrate the further difference illustrate a further difference (diference第一次提及)注意以下短语的区别in church in
24、the churchat college at the collegein court in the courtin hospital in the hospitalin office in the officein prison in the prisonat sea at the seain school in the schoolat table at the table6.形容词与副词使用错误have been currently currentbe well equipped as be as well equipped asheavy industrialized heavily-
25、industrializedspread colossal spread colossallysimilar strong similarly strongkeep the number constantly at X a year keep number constant at X a yearfeel hopeless thwarted feel hopelessly thwartedcomparative high proportion comparatively high proportion(quakes) start deeply in the earth start deep i
26、n the earthin the passed 5 years in the past 5 yearsculture embedded attitudes culturally embedded attitudesas much as as often asfrom one meter afar from one meter awayincreasing increasinglysimple simplypure purelymuch manymany morelarge largerearly earlier7.成分残缺或多余(单复数错误)a world which I could get
27、 a world in which I could getshows that shows (先行词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不可省略)take for granted that take it for grated that1980 1980sone of the most glaring form one of the mist glaring formstheir jobs engage in their interest their jobs engage their interest (engage单独使用表示“占用（某人时间），吸引（某人注意力）”)complain about
28、sth complain sthwork sth work out sthbelieve in believe (believe单独使用表示一般的“相信”，believe in表示“信任某人，信仰”)point sth point out sth20 percents 20 percenteyes contact eye contactseven sevenththe process which it function the process by which it functioncommunication service communicationsservice (通信服务、通讯服务)a
29、verage incomes average income (income为不可数名词)the like of the likes of(诸如此类的)be referred to XX be referred to as XXbe viewed as work of are be viewed as a work of art(work作为“作品”讲时，为可数名词)8.时态或语态错误went goagreeing agreedconsisted consistingbored boringfavoring favoredif she was if she were(非真实条件句)involve
30、s involvingwill would (虚拟语气中)delaying delayed (已完成概念或者被动概念)the promise of improving quality of life the promise of improved quality of life (已完成概念或者被动概念)assure assures (第三人称单数)have has (要看清句子真正的主语)developing developedconfronting confrontedthe least understanding the least understoodwhat the have tol
31、d what they have been toldif circumstances become favorable if circumstances should become favorable以上近300个典型例子基本涵盖了所有容易出现的错误，我认为一开始就去记这些例子的效果并不理想，最适宜的方法是先做一定数量的改错练习，然后再看上边的总结以及例子，过后再去做题，就能够掌握改错的一些规律，识别出更多的错误并能将其改正，形成自己的做题方法。另外，要将语法词汇错误和语篇错误区别开来，语法词汇掌握较好，并不代表改错能做好，还要在文章理解上下功夫（有的改错文章其实比较难），应先通读全文，然后再一行一行地去识别错误所在，这样一些很隐蔽的语篇错误就能显现出来。不要一上来就开始找错误，边找错边读文章，这样的结果往往是，一些词汇错误都能找到，但做完后不知所云，好多语篇错误也没有看出来。本文的语料资源主要来自以下两本书：专心-专注-专业