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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上金牌新概念英语第一册Lesson13-24知识点归纳Lesson 13-16 一、词汇1. 表示颜色的名词:white blue (Lesson 11出现) green brown red grey yellow black orange 2. 指示代词:these (this的复数形式) those(that的复数形式)3. 表示国籍的名词:Danish Norwegian Russian Dutch 以上所有表示国籍的名字还可以做形容词,表示某国的。如Chinese既可以是中国人,还可以是中国的,汉语。表示国家的名词:4. 其他名词:colour (=color)
2、 hat (和cap有区别,cap指前面带沿的帽子) case carpet dog customs officer girl friend passport brown tourist 5. 形容词:smart lovely same 6. 动词:come 副词:upstairs二、语法:1、名词变复数(本册书出现的第一个大的语法点,比较重要,要牢记)名词从大体上可以分为普通名词和专有名词,如China the Changjiang River 都是世界独一无二的,我们称之为专有名词。普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是表示能够以数计算的人或事物的名词,可数名词有单复数之分。其变化
3、规则如下:1.1 多数名词在词尾加-s。读音为,结尾是清辅音读/s/ ,结尾是浊辅音读/z/ 例: girl-girls tree-trees dog-dogs teacher teachers shirt-shirts1.2 以s, sh, ch, x结尾的名词,加-es。读音为/iz/。 例:watch-watches class-classes box-boxes bus-buses1.3 以f 或fe结尾的名词,需要把f或fe变成v再加-es。读音为/vz/. 例:housewife-housewives leaf-leaves knife-knives但也有个别单词虽以f或fe结尾,
4、但是直接加s,需要特别记忆。roof-roofs gulf-gulfs belief-beliefs 以“辅音+y”结尾的名词,要将y变为i,再加-es。读音为/vz/.例:family-families city-cities sky-skies 以“元音+y”结尾的名词,直接加-s。 例:boy-boys day-days monkey-monkeys 1.5 以o结尾的名词,如果不是外来词或缩写,就加-es,否则加s+es的几个单词:tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes hero-heroes Negro-Negroes echo-echoes (这几个单词特殊
5、记忆)其他+s。用 zoo-zoos radio-radios kilo-kilos piano-pianos photo-photos bamboo-bamboos video-videos1.6 部分单词的单复数是一样的。例:fish-fish sheep-sheep cattle-cattle deer-deer means-means Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese1.7 改变单数名词的元音字母。例:man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice goose-geese 1.8 改变单数名词的
6、词局。例:child-children ox-oxen 1.9 有些名词只有复数没有单数。如:Trousers (裤子) glasses (眼镜) clothes (布) scissors(剪子)除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、欧元等都有复数形式。 dollar-dollars2、主要交际句型:What colours your shirt? Its blue.What colour are your handbags? Our handbags are red. 或 They are red.Are these your books? Yes, they are. No, they are
7、nt.Lesson 17-18 一、词汇1. 表示职业的名词:sales reps assistant 2. 其他: employee hard-working man office 二、语法:1、进一步复习可数名词复数用法。2、主要交际句型:A: What are their jobs?B: They are milkmen (policemen, postmen, engineers-)A: Are they mechanics or sales reps?B: They arent mechanics. Theyre sales reps.3、几种特殊疑问句的区别讲解。Who is -?
8、 Who are -? 开头的特殊疑问句通常是用来询问一个人的姓名或身份。如: Who is this young man? Hes our office assistant.Who are those men? They are my brothers.Who, how, what 对人提问的区别是:Who 用于对人的姓名、身份提问; What 用于对人的职业提问,而how则是问人的状态或特征。请对照以下例句理解。Who is the man ? He is Mr. Wang.What is the man ? He is a teacher. What are you? I am a do
9、ctor.How are you? I am fine, thank you. How is that woman? She is old and lazy.Lesson 19-20 一、词汇1. 形容词:big- small open-shut heavy-light long-shout thirsty tired 2. 其他: matter children sit down ice cream shoe grandfather grandmother 二、语法:1、在第10课基础上,进一步学习主语为复数的形容词做表语的用法。Look at them! They are heavy.2、
10、初步接触There be 句型:There is an ice cream man. (第25课重点讲)3、两个重要句型:Whats the matter with you? 是一个用于询问别人遭遇什么不愉快或不舒服之类的专用语。如果要问“你怎么了”或“他怎么了”可以在后面加上“with”连接。Whats the matter with you? Whats the matter with you dog?4、进一步学习选择疑问句。Are his shoes dirty or clean? Theyre not dirty. Theyre clean.Lesson 21-22 一、词汇形容词:
11、empty full large little sharp blunt small big餐具类名词:glass cup bottle tin knife fork spoon 特殊疑问词:which 代词:one二、语法:1、祈使句1. 祈使句分肯定祈使句和否定祈使句两种,本课涉及肯定祈使句。11 以动词原形开头的祈使句是祈使句中的一种。祈使句是用来表达命令、请求或建议等意义的句子,主语you常常省略,谓语动词为动词原形,句末用叹号或句号。Give me a book please, Jane.Give her two oranges.Give them five pears.以上三个例句中
12、有一个共同特点,即谓语动词后面跟了两个宾语,一个是人称代词的宾格(me you him her it us you them one),表示人,另一个是book oranges pears 等表示物,这种现象叫双宾语。其中表人的宾语叫间接宾语,表物的宾语叫直接宾语。通常的表达顺序是间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。12 祈使句的否定形式在前面加Dont. Dont play football on the road.2、主格人称代词和宾格人称代词主格人称是在句中作主语或主语补语的代词,而宾格人称代词则是在句中作宾语的代词形式。基本形式对比为:主格Iyouhesheitweyoutheyone宾格me
13、youhimheritusyouthemone例句:He is a teacher. 作主语Give him a book. 作动词的间接宾语3、形容词用法区别large biglarge 主要指体积、面积、形状、数量方面的大。比如:This is a large blackboard. 这是一块大黑板。large 也可以用于指人,表示块头大。比如:This large man is her husband. 这个大块头的男人是她的丈夫。big着重表示又大又重,比如:There is a big box in the bed.床上有一个又大又重的盒子。big 用于指人,表示大人物。比如:She
14、 is big in this school. 她是这个学校里一个大人物。Small littleSmall和large对应,表示体积面积形状数量方面的“小”。比如:This is a small car.Little 表示“小”这个概念时,带有很浓重的感情色彩,强调“小而可爱”。比如:This is a little cat in her handbag.Lesson 23-24 一、词汇家具类及其他名词:desk table plate dish cupboard cigarette television floor dressing table magazine bed newspape
15、r stereo shelf 介词:on 代词:ones二、语法:本课无新的语法知识点,是在21课基础上将原单数祈使句转换成复数。Give me a book please, Jane. - Give me some books. JaneWhich book?- Which glassesThis one? - These ones?No, not that one. The red one. - No, not those ones. The red ones.This one? - These ones?Yes, please. -Yes, pleaseHere you are. - H
16、ere you are.Thank you. -Thank you.3、形容词用法区别desk tabledesk通常是指带有抽屉的桌子,主要用于办公、读书、写字等,一般翻译成中文的“书桌”、“会议桌”、“写字台”、“办公桌”。比如:There is a new computer on his desk.table 通常指由几条腿支撑起来的平板,通常是没有抽屉,一般翻译成中文的“餐桌”、“会议桌”、“操作台”、“手术台”等。如:There are two spoons on the table.plate dishplate 是指大盘子。dish是指小盘子,通常指放在自己面前供自己临时存放菜的小盘子。另外dish还可以指菜。a plate of vegetable 一盘子蔬菜I like this dish. 我喜欢这道菜。 These dishes are delicious.这些菜很好吃。专心-专注-专业