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1、 2020中考语法介词精讲1.介词和种类（1） 简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。（2） 复合介词，如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系（1） 和动词的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。（2） 和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, differen
2、t from, good at（3） 和名词的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.3介词短语在句子中的作用：(1) 作定语 I know the answer to the question .(2) 作状语 The children are playing football in the playground .(3) 作表语 Mike is in the garden .(4) 作宾补语 He found himself in the middle of the mountain .(5) 作主补语 Tom was
3、 seen inside the classroom .4、 常考介词的意义与用法区别(1)表示时间的介词A. in; on; at介词用法例句at表示时间点，时刻等at12:00/atnoonatdusk/atdawnatnighton表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间(如：某日、某节日、星期几等)表示特定日子的上午、下午、或晚上on October29onarainydayonNationalDayonChristmasEveonthemorningofJanuary3rdin表示在某段较长的时间内(如：世纪、朝代、年代、月份、或泛指上午、下午和傍晚等)inthe1980sinthe morn
4、ingafternoon/eveningintheQingDynastyinOctoberB. in; after; later介词用法例句in“在之内”或“在之后”，用于将来时，in后接时间段TFboyswillbebackinthreedays.after“在之后”。通常“after+时间段”与一般过去时连用Lu Hancamebackafterthreedays.later一段时间later：表示某一具体时间或某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后She graduated in 1981,and eightyears later shebecame the manager of the fa
5、ctory.C. for; since介词用法例句for后接时间段，表行为或状态持续了多久I have lived inChinafor 3years.since后接时间点，常与延续性动词的完成时连用I have lived inChinasince 3years ago.D. after; behind介词用法例句after主要用于表示时间We shall leave after lunch.behind主要用于表示位置Lucy is hiding behind an old house.(2)表示方位的介词A. over; above;on介词用法例子over在的正上方，表示垂直在上The
6、re is a lampover the desk.above指在上方，属于斜上方Raise your armsabove your head.on指在上面，表示两物体接触There is a cup onthe table.B. in; at介词用法例子in后接较小的地点at the bus stopat homeat后接较大的地点inChinain the worldC. in; on; to介词用法例子in在某范围之内ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.on“邻”、“接壤”MongolialiesonthenorthofChina.to在某范围之外Japanlies
7、totheeastofChina.D. among; between介词用法例子among用于三者或三者以上的“在中间They hid themselvesamong the trees.between主要指两者之间There was a fightbetween thetwo boys.E. across;through; past介词用法例子across在物体表面“穿过”They swam acrossthe river.through在物体内部“穿过”I walked throughthe forest.past在物体旁边“经过”On my way home,I went past a
8、bank.F. in the wall; on the wall; in the tree;on the tree介词用法例子in the wall指在墙壁里There is a hole in the wall.on the wall指在墙壁表面There is a picture on the wall.in the tree指树上的外来物There is a monkey in the tree.on the tree指树自身生长的东西There are many apples on the tree.G. in front of; in the front of介词用法例子in fro
9、nt of在前面(反义:behind)An old lady is standing in front of the car.in the front of在的前部(反义:at the back of)An old man is driving, sitting in the front of the car.H. except; besides; but介词用法例子except表示减的概念，表示“除了”All the students came except Tom.besides表示加的概念，表示“除了还有”The boss still needs 3 men besides Tom.but用于固定搭配nothing/nobody butI.by; with; in介词用法例子by交通工具bybike,bytaxiwith表示工具的“用”，用withHe is writing a letter with a pen.in后面接原料、颜料、语言等We measured it in pounds.