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1、精品名师归纳总结八年级上册英语各单元学问点大归纳Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation.【语法解析】不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。用法留意:1. some 和 any +可数名/不行数名。 some 多用于确定句, any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句 。有些问句中用 some,不用 any, 问话者期望得到对方确定回答。2. 由 some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词用第三单3. 不定代词如有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后:如:something interesting二、学问点:1. buy
2、 sth for ab./ buy sb. sth为某人买某物2. taste + adj.尝起来3. nothing.but + V.原形除了之外什么都没有4. seem + to be + adj看起来5. arrive in +大的方 / arrive at +小的方 到达某的6. decide to do sth.打算做某事7. try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth.喜爱做某事9. want to do sth.想去做某事10. start doing sth.开头做某事 =begin doing sth
3、.11. stop doing sth.停止做某事 区分: stop to do sth.停下来去做某事12. dislike doing sth.不喜爱做某事14. so + adj + that +从句如此以至于16. tell sb. not to do sth.告知某人(不要) 做某事17. keep doing sth.连续做某事18. forget to do sth.遗忘去做某事 / forget doing sth遗忘做过某事词语辨析:1. take a photo/ take photos拍照quite a few+名词复数 “很多”2. seem形容词看起来 . You s
4、eem happy today.to do sth.似乎、似乎做某事I seem to have a coldIt seems +从句 似乎 . It seems that no one believe you. seem like. 似乎,似乎 .It seems like a good idea.3. arrive in +大的点,= get to= reach+的点名“到达.” arrive at +小的点(注:如后跟的点副词 here/there/home, 介词需省略, 如: arrive here; get home)4. feel like sth/ doing sth. 感觉像
5、是 5. wonder “想知道 ”,+疑问词( who, what, why引导的从句。6. because of +名/ 代/V-ingBecause+从句,表示直接明确的缘由或理由。He cant take a walk because of the rain.I don t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.7. enough +名词“足够” 形容词/副词+enough可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Unit2How often do you exercise.【语法解析】1. 频率副词 : always, usual
6、ly, often, sometimes, never频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态中2. “次数”的表达方法一次 once, 两次 twice ,三次或三次以上用基数词 + times, threetimes, fivetimes,3、how often “多久一次”问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语。常见的 how 疑问词: 1)How soon 多久(以后) How soon will he be back.他多久能回来? He will be back in a month. 他一个月后能回来。2) how long “多久”,eg.How
7、 long did it take you to clean the house. 你打扫房子用了多久? It took me half an hour to clean the house.我打扫这房子用了半小时。3) How many+名复/How much+不行名“多少” 问数量(how much 仍可问价格)二、学问点:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. go to the movie去s3. surf the interne上t看电影2. look after = take care 照of 顾网4. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式可编辑资料 -
8、- - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结5. go skate boardin去g 划板6. keep healthy=stay health保y持健康可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结7. eating habits饮食习惯8. take more exercis做e9. the same as与什么相同10. be different from不同更多的运动可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结11. once a mont一h 月一次12. twice a wee一k 周两次13.make a difference t对o 什么有影响14. most of the stu
9、dents=most student 15.shop=go shopping=dosome shopping 购 物 16. be good for对 什 么 有 益17. be bad fo对r 什么有害18. come home from scho放o学l回家19 .of course = certainly = su当re然20. get good grade取s 得好成果21. keep/be in good hea保lth持健康22. take a vacation去度假【词语辨析】一、 maybe / may be1. The baby is cryingshe is hungry
10、.2. The womana teacher .maybe 是副词,意为 “大致, 可能,或许 ”,一般用于句首。 May be是情态动词,意为 “可能是 .,或许是 .,大致是 . ”.二、1)a few / few / a little / little1. people can live to 100,butpeople can live to 150.2. There istime left, I don t catch the first bus.3. Could you give memilk.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结a few 少数的,几个,一些 a li
11、ttle 一点儿,少量 表示确定可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结few 很少的,几乎没有的 little很少的,几乎没有的 表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不行数名词2)、hard / hardly可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. The ground is tooto dig2. I canunderstand them.3. It s raining,the people cango outside.hard 作形容词,意为 “困难的,艰苦的,硬的 ”。作副词,意为 “努力的,猛烈的”。Hardly意为“几乎不 ”。4. As for homework , mo
12、st students do homework every day .as for.意. 思是 “至于。关于 ”, +名词、代词或动词的 -ing形式(即动名词)。如: As for him,I never want to see him her至e.于他,我永久不期望在这里见到。 As for the sto,ryyoud better not believe 关it. 于那故事, 你最好不要信任。5. That sounds interesting.这是“主语+系动词 +表语”结构的简洁句。 sound(听起来),look(看起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来),feel
13、(觉得), seem(好象),grow(变得) ,get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语。如:It tastes good. 这味道好。The music sounds very swe这et.音乐听起来很入耳。The smoke grew heavier and heav烟ier雾. 变得越来越浓了。2. Be about(介词) “是关于 ”+名/代/V-ing 4.Here be is+名单:Here is a photo of my family. “这是” are +名复:Here are some books. 5.findfound+that 从句:发觉 Eg:
14、I found that most students go to school by bike. 6.percent名词,意为 “百分之 ”百分数用基数 + percent 不用复数形式 ,percent 做主语时,谓语动词的数要依据其后面的名词来确定e.g. 50 fifty percent百分之五十Fifty percent of the apples are bad.50%的苹果都坏了。Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge.20%的肉都在冰箱7. not taall 意为“一点也不 ”. not 应放在 be 动词、情态动词或助动词之后。
15、e.g. The story isn t interesting a那t a个ll.故事一点也没好玩。8. It is + adj. to do sth. 干某事是例如:It is interesting to play computer games.玩电脑很好玩。9. the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式e.g. The best way to learn English is through more practice10. take, spend, payIt takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“花费某人时间来做某事 ”。人sb.
16、spend 时间/钱 on sth.“买某物花了钱” 。in doing“花费多少时间来做某事 ”。pay 的主语必需是人,而 “花钱买某物 ”为 pay for11. however 副词,意为 “然而,可是 ”,表示转折关系,可放在句首、句中、句末可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Unit3 I m more outgoing than my sister.【语法解析】形容词比较级1. 形容词的原形就是原级, 2.比较级, 表示较或更 3.最高级, 表示最.。2. 比 较 句 型 :A+be动 词 + 形 容 词 的 比 较 级 +than+B “A 比 B 更”(留意: A
17、 与 B 必需是同级的,即必需是人与人,物与物进行 对比)副词比较级常用的句型结构:1. “A+ 实意动词 +副词比较级 + than + B”表示 “A 比 B”2. 比较 A ,B 两人/两事物问其中哪一个较 时用句型。 “Who/which + 谓语动词 + adj./adv.比较级, A or B .”Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary.特别用法1. “比较级 +and+比较级 ”,意为“越来越 ”。多音节比较级用 “more and more+原级”2. “the+比较级 , the+比较级”意思是: ”越 越”The more, the better. 3.
18、主 is the 形比+of the two+名复 “主语是两者中较 .”4. 两者在某一方面相同:A+谓语动词 +as+ adj./adv原.级+ as+ B.Helen is as tall as Amy.Peter studies as hard as Tom.表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时, 用“noat s/so+形容词或副词原级 +as”Eg. I am not as tall as my sister.形容词,副词比较级前的修饰语。当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时, 可以用 much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等来修饰形容词比较级。留意 : 比较级不能用
19、very, so, too, quite等修饰。二、学问点1. have fun=Have a good time 玩得高兴have fun doing sth :做某事很高兴2. do the same things as me.(翻译);the same as 表示:,3. A good fried is good at sports(. 翻译) be good at意为 ,其后可接名词、代词或动名词。同义词组: do well inHe English.他 善于英语 I m basketba我ll.擅 长打篮球 4. care abou,t 意为 关怀 ;care for 意为 关爱 ;
20、take care 当/当心take care of照料=look after可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结5. makes me laugh. 翻译; make sb. do sth意.为:.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结His father always up before five o让使某人做某事( make 后跟不带 to 的不定式)让他起床clock.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结make sb. +形容词:使某人保持某种状态 : e.g. My friends always make me happy6. be like 就“
21、像” :I am like your sister.Look like“外貌上的像 ” I look like my sister. 7.That s wh句y+子:那就是 的缘由/那就是为什么 Eg: 那就是我学习英语的缘由:8. Its+形+(for sb.) to do sth. “做某事(对某人来说)是 . ”9. make friends with sb.与某人交伴侣10. as long as只要。既然,引导条件状语从句可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结11. be different from与不同。反: be the same as与 相同12. though a
22、dv.不过。可是。然而(句末补充说明使语气减弱) conj. 虽然。尽管。 =although 与 but 不能同时用在一个句子中eg :He said he would come, he didn t, thou他gh说. 他要来,可是并没有来。 Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him. 尽管他已经去世很多年了,但很多人仍旧记得他13. get better grades取得更好的成果14. does助动词 do/did ,为了防止重复,可代替上文显现过的实意动词。I wo
23、rk harder than Tomis/do/does/did.15. be good with sb. 与某人相处得好Unit 4What s the best movie theater.【语法解析】1) 形容词最高级: 用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较。2) 标志词:表比较范畴时用 in/of3形容词最高级前须加定冠词 the.副词最高级前可省略 the。表示“三者(或以上)中最的”的句型1. A + be + the 形容词最较级 + 表示范畴( in/of 介词短语)2. A + 实意动词 + the 副词最高级 + 表示范畴的 of/in 介词短语常用句式:1) Who/ Wh
24、ich +最高级 , A, B or C .2) one of +the +形容词最高级 +名词复数形式 ,意为“最之一”。3) 序数词后跟形容词最高级二、学问点1、in town 在镇上2、welcome to + 的名:欢迎来到 .3、How do you like + 名/代/V-ing :“你认为怎么样? ”=What do you think of 4、Thanks for=Thank you for +名/代/V-ing: “感谢”5.不客气: No problem. = Youre welcome. =Not at all. 6.talent 名(可)天赋talent show
25、:才艺表演talented 形:有天赋的: be talented in7. be good at善于 do well in反义短语: be poor / weak in在.方面弱。be good for“对 有益”,后跟人或事物。其反义短语是be bad for。 be good to“对 好和善。慈祥 ”,相当于 be friendly to,后面通常接人8. have in commo有n 相同特点。 想法、爱好等方面 相同9. all kinds of 各种类型的。各种各样的different kinds of 不同种类的a kind of一种* kind of有点+ 形 : kind
26、 of boring / fat /thin10. It s up to sb. to do 做sth某. 事是某人的职责11. make up 编造(故事、谎言等)Dont make up a story.12. take seriously仔细对待可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Don t take it so seriously.别把这件事看得这么严峻。13. play a role in doing sth.“在中发挥作用 /扮演角色 ”14. win 动-won:赢得 +奖品winner 名:赢者15. give gave过) give sb. sth= give s
27、th. to sb. 给某人某物He gave me some money.= He gave some money to me.16. watch sb.do sth.观看某人做了某事 .doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事17. 举例: like : 可和 such as互换.such as常: 列举几个例子,不能穷尽,可和and so on等等连用for example:一般只列举一个, 作插入语用逗号隔开, 可置于句首 /句中/句末。e.g.I like fruits , apples. apples, bananas and pears.Unit 5 Do you want to
28、 watch a game show.【语法解析】1.询问某人对某物的观点及看法: What do you think of .=How do you like. 2.描述喜好 I love/ like/ don t mind/dislike/cant stand复习巩固一般现在时态:主语 +V+ 其他。 主语(三单) +V 三单+其他一、学问点1. want + n想要want to do sth想要做某事want sb to do sth 想让某人干某事 2. mind: 介意; 其后+名词/代词/V-ing4. stand1 “站, 站立”e.g. Stand up.起立2忍“受”多 用
29、于否定句、疑问句 , 后可+名/代/V-ing5. plan vt. & vi. 方案, 准备, plan to do sth.plan 仍可作名词,如: make plans 制定方案6. 动词 discuss 争论 + ion discussion had a discussion about sth.7. happenv. 发生; 显现 sth+ happens to sb”.或“ Sth happeend +时间/的点 ”句式8. 情态动词 : may:语气弱于 can,意为 “可能” might 表估计,语气最弱,意为 “可能”may/might not 表示否定估计时语气最弱,意为
30、 “可能不 ” They may not be very exciting. 她们可能不是那么另人兴奋9.expect to do sth.期盼做某事hope to do sth: 期望干某事很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语,如:want, like, hope, wish, learn, start, begin, prefer, try, ask10. be famous as +职业名 “作为而出名 ”,be famous for sth. 表示 “以某种学问技能,作品或特点而出名 ”,11. one of后跟可数名词复数,表示 之一。 其后的谓语动词用单数。e.g. One of
31、my favorite movies is Mr. Bean.我最喜爱的电影之一是憨豆先生。12. always ready to do sth., 表示“总是预备好做某事13.try one s be尽st力; “竭尽全力 ”的意思可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结14. show名:“节目”: TV shows/ talent shows动:“展现” show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.15. take one s pla代ce替; 替换16. do a good job干得好Unit 6I m going tostudy computer scie
32、nce.【语法解析】1.将来时用于表示将来将做的事,常用“ be + going to动+ 词原形 ”来表达, 表示方案或依据某些现象或征兆猜测不久即将发生的事情。含有 “准备”之意。常与 tomorrow, next Sunday, next month, the day after tomorrow 等表示将来的时间状语连用。1.结构“主语 + beis/am/are going to + do sth”2.否定式:主语 + be not + going to do sth.二、学问点1. want to be/become + 职 业名词 :“想要成为 .”I want to be be
33、 a scientist when I grow up. 2.write stories 写故事tell stories讲故事3. keep on doing sth连续做某事(表动作的反复)keeping doing sth. 保持做某事(表动作或状态的连续)4. be sure about +名/代/V- ing “确定”- Are you sure about that. make sure that+从句“确保”Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out 5learnsth.We must learn English eve
34、ry day.to do sth.I am going to learn to play play the piano.6. discussv. 争论。商议名词是 discussiondiscuss with sb. 与某人争论: Discuss this question with your partner. Let s discuss this problem. 让我们争论一下这个问题。All we need now is action, not discussion.我们现在需要的是行动,不是争论。7. be able to do sth 能够做某事区分( 1)can : can+动词原
35、形,无人称和数的变化。只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时,不能用于将来时beable to +动原,有人称和数的变化。(be:is/am/are/)可用于多种时态2 can常指客观上能够。 be able to更侧重于“克服肯定困难”、“经过努力”、“有才能”做成某事。He will be able to能够 speak English next year(. 在此不能填 can)8. promisen. 承诺。诺言v. 许诺。承诺。答应make a promiseto sb.对某人) 许下诺言keep a promise遵守诺言break a promise违反诺言promise sb. to
36、do sth.许诺某人干某事+that 从句He promised to help me.他许诺过要帮忙我。I promised that I study hard from now on. 我承诺从现在起努力学习。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结9. have to do with关于。与有关系The book has to do with computers.那本书与运算机有关。10. take upsth.(尤指为消遣)学着做。开头做doing sth.I am going to take up cooking next year. 明年我将要学煮饭。11. Someti
37、mes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. too+形容词/副词 to+动原,表示 “太 而不能 如:The kid is too young to play (play) this game.这个小孩太小,不能玩这个嬉戏。12. ones own +名 “某人自己的东西” 强调某物为个人全部My own book 我自己的书本Unit 7Will people have robots.【语法解析】一般将来时:1、概念:1 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 We shall go to see him tomorrow.2 表示将来常常或
38、反复发生的动作。 From now on I shall come everyday.2、结构:1) 主+be going to +V 原形+其他2)主+ 助动词 shall / will + V原形+其他.3、句中的时间状语: tomorrow 明天。 next week/month/year下周/月/年。 in+时间段:多长时间之后。 the day after tomorrow 后天。4. There be 句型的将来时:“(某的)将有某物1、There will be+名词(一般疑问句: Will +there be 肯: Yes, there will;否: No, there wo
39、n)t. 2、There is going to be+名(单) /不行数名There are going to be+名(复)5. 一般将来时和 be going to 表示将来1) 表达一种事先方案或准备时 说话人准备在将来做某事由于在过去他或她已制定了一个方案或打算去做这件事 ,只能用 be going to.2) 表达意愿时 , 只能用 will.拓展:将来时也可以用现在进行时 “be +V- ing”来表达 ,表示按方案和支配即将发生的动作,语气较动听,动词多是一些“来、去 ”的位移动词。如:go, come, leave, start, move, arrive, reach, r
40、eturn, drive, travel, land He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.他明天去北京。The plane is landing soon. 飞机即将着陆。一、课文学问点1.很多 many+ 可数名词比较级 more 最高级 most much +不行数名词少许few:比较级 fewer 最高级 fewest +可名: cars, trees, buildings, people(否)little:比: less最 least+不行名:water, air, paper, time, pollution(肯) a few / a little可
41、编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2、live to be 基数词 + years old “活到岁” 3、be in great danger处在极大的危急中4、play a part in +名/ 代/V-ing.参加某事 / 做某事Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.5、help sb. with sth. 帮忙(做) He often helps me with my English. help sb. to do sth. 帮忙做He often helps me study English.help onese
42、lf to 自用 食物等Help yourself to the fish.请任凭吃鱼6、动词后跟形容词的情形 构成系表结构 1)表状态的动词: be/seem/keep/stay I exercise to keep healthy. 2感官动词: sound/look/taste/feel That sounds great.3)表变化的动词: get/become/turn The robots never get bored.7. make sb. 代词为宾格) do (让)(做) He made Tom laugh. 使役动词是表示 “使、令、让、帮、叫”等意义的不完全及物动词, 仍
43、有 leave, get ,keep , make 使, 令 , let 让, help 帮忙 等。1. make / let +sb. +do sth.2 ). get / leave + sb. to do / doing sth. 3)leave sb. doing让连续处于某种状态Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain.8. the same as 和一样反义短语: be different from9. It takes / took / will take sb. some time to do sth.某人花了 时间做某事 时态依据详
44、细情形打算)It takes me an hour to get to my office.spend timemoney on sth.在上花费时间(金钱)。人 sb. spend timemoney in doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。I spent two hours on this math problem.这道数学题花了我个小时They spent two years building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。10. hundreds of“很多。大量 ” + 名词复数数词+hundred“多少百”类似的数词仍有 thousand (千) ,
45、million(万)There are four hundred students in our grade.我们年级有 400 名同学There are hundreds of tourists in Beijing every year.11. during“在期间” during the vacation/the daytime /the weekend12. themeaning of “的意思” Can you tell methe meaning of thewords.Unit 8How do you make a banana milk shake.【语法解析】一、会用副词 first, next, then, after that, finally 等来表达做事的次序