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1、精品名师归纳总结一、单词New words bafflevt.Book 3Unit 8教材总结TextA可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结confuse sb. completely; be too difficult or strange for sb. to understand or explain使困惑。难住The mystery that baffled him most was Jos sudden disappearance from the lakeside cottage.最让他困惑的谜团是乔斯在湖边小屋的突然失踪。provocativea.intended t
2、o make people angry or upset; intended to make people argue about sth.挑战的。煽动的。引起争端的For our conservative small town, sexual harassment at the workplace was a particularly provocative topic.对我们这个风气比较保守的小镇来说,工作场所的性扰乱是特殊令人义愤填膺的话题。opinionateda.having very strong opinions that you are not willing to chang
3、e顽固己见的。顽固的Ever since Ive known Betty, she has been very opinionated, and she thinks that she is right about everything.自从我熟悉贝蒂起,她始终都特别顽固,认为自己每件事都是对的。dispensevt. fml.1 with not use or do sth. that people usu. use or do, because it is not necessary（因无必要而）摒弃。 不用（做）You can apply for a license from your
4、local council, which means that you can dispense with the formality.你可以向当的委员会申请一个许可证,从而就可以省掉正式手续。2 give sth. to people, esp. in fixed amounts（尤指以固定数额）分发,安排（某物）A soup kitchen was set up by the Red Cross which dispensed food to over a thousand refugees.红十字会设立了施舍处,为一千多难民分发食物。courtesyn.1 C sth. you do o
5、r say to be polite礼貌的行为（言语）When hiking in the hills, we met a young man, exchanged courtesies, and talked for a while.当我们在山可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结中徒步游玩的时候,碰见了一个年轻人,我们互致问候,并聊了一会儿。2 U polite behavior and respect for other people有礼的举止。礼貌Im upset because you didnt even have the courtesy to inform me th
6、at I might not be giving the lecture which Ive prepared for next week.我很伤心,由于你甚至都没有礼节性的通知我：我为下周预备好的演讲不能做了。obesea.fml. or medical of people very fat, in a way that is not healthy臃肿的。虚胖的。病态肥胖的We often find that teenage girls who are just slightly overweight see themselves as massively obese.我们经常发觉十几岁的
7、小女孩略微超重就认为自己极其肥胖了。gorgev.eat or drink so much of sth. that you cannot eat or drink any more拼命吃喝。塞饱Luke doesnt eat much in the presence of his mother; yet, every time she is away, he gorges himself with pizza, ice cream, candies and other junk food.妈妈在场的时候,卢克吃得不多,然而每次趁她不在的时候,他都狼吞虎咽,大吃比萨、冰淇淋、糖果和其他垃圾食品
8、。n.C a deep narrow valley with steep sides（山）峡。峡谷We believe that it is the water from the spring that makes the river that snakes along the gorge a few hundred meters away.我们信任是泉水形成了几百米外沿峡谷曲折流淌的小河。humanea.showing kindness toward people and animals by making sure that they do not suffer more than is
9、necessary和善的。慈爱的。人道的To have an ideal world, our international community needs to end wars, hunger and disease and aim fora just and humane society.为了实现抱负世界,国际社会需要终止战争,排除饥饿和疾病,建立一个公正人道的社会。ideologicala.based on strong beliefs or ideas, esp. political or economic ideas思想上的。思想体系的。意识形状的Despite wide ideol
10、ogical disagreements, they remained friends, mutually respectful and mutually supporting.他们尽管意识形状上存在庞大的分歧,但依旧是伴侣,相互敬重,相互支持。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结cradlevt.hold sth. gently, as if to protect it轻拥。轻抱。捧住He cradled the baby in his arms, his hands cupping her tiny skull.他轻轻的抱住婴儿,双手捧着她的小脑袋。n.C a small be
11、d for a baby which can be pushed gently from side to side摇篮When the new baby was born, her grandparents brought over the beautiful old hand-made cradle, whichthey had saved since their children had outgrown it.宝宝诞生的时候, 外公外婆带来了手工制作的美丽老式摇篮,这摇篮他们在自己的儿女长大不用后就始终储存至今。insulatevt.1 sb. / sth. from / against
12、 protect sb. or sth. from unpleasant experiences or influences使免除（不开心的经受）。使免受（不良影响）。隔离All around the world, extremely wealthy people live a rather protected lifestyle and are insulated from thesuffering lives of the poor all around them.纵观世界,巨富之人的生活都是被重重爱护起来的,不受四周贫苦民众苦难生活的影响。2 protect sth. with a ma
13、terial that prevents heat, sound, electricity, etc. from passing through使隔热。使隔音。使绝缘The roof is adequately insulated against extremely hot or extremely cold weather.屋顶对极热和极冷的天气隔绝成效很好。presumptionn.1 C, U law the act of supposing that sth. is true, although it has not yet been proved or is not certain推
14、定。假定。假设I cannot make a statement about Johns complaints against his neighbors based on presumptions sinceI dont really know anything about his case.我不能仅凭估计就对约翰投诉邻居发表看法,由于我的确对这个案子一无所知。2 C sth. that is thought to be true or probable可能的事。认为真实的事There is a general presumption that fatty foods are bad for
15、 your heart.人们普遍认为含脂肪多的食物对心脏不好。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结milestonen. C1 a very important stage or event in the development of sth.重要大事。转折点。里程碑Rituals mark a persons milestones in life and at work, and they bring members of the family together tocelebrate those moments.各种仪式标志着一个人生活和工作中的重要大事,能够将家庭成员聚在一起
16、庆祝这些重要时刻。2 a stone by the side of a road that shows how far it is to the next town and to other places里程碑 The group of hikers, tired and thirsty, hoped that the next milestone might be reached soon.这群远足者又累又渴,期望很快就能到达下一个里程碑。hesitanta.slow to speak or act because you feel uncertain, embarrassed or unw
17、illing徘徊的。徘徊的。不愿意的Bill was a little hesitant at first to speak before an audience, but he quickly blossomed into an eloquent speaker.比尔在听众面前刚开头说话有点犹徘徊豫,但很快变得能言善辩。intellectn.1 C, U the ability to understand things and to think intelligently才智。懂得才能。思维才能This postgraduate course shapes intellect and ent
18、husiasm, and it provides practical and professional skills.这门争论生课程培育同学的思维才能和热忱,并传授实际的专业技能。2 C sb. who is very intelligent才智出众者He is a first-rate intellect and he impresses people with his organization and his thoughtfulness.他才智一流,组织才能和深思熟虑令人印象深刻。grossa.1 very unpleasant令人不快的。令人恶心的。使人厌恶的I tried to ea
19、t the tablets. They were so gross that I spit them out again.我想把这些药片吃下去,但太难吃了,我又吐了出来。2 only before noun being the total amount of sth. before anything is taken away总的。毛的In some countries today, gross investment accounts for roughly 15 percent of national income.在今日的某些国家,投资总额大约占到了本国收入的15% 。irrespecti
20、vead.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结 of used when saying that a particular fact has no effect on a situation and is not important不受某事物影响。不考虑某事物。不问某事物The way you approach practice greatly affects how much you improve, irrespective of your talent.不管你才能如何,你的训练方式会极大的影响进展程度。disposaln.U the process of getting ri
21、d of sth.丢掉。清除。处理The new bill will also place a duty on council members to include recycling in their waste disposal plans.新法案仍将使议员们承担职责,把垃圾的回收利用包含在废物处理方案中。hardya.strong and healthy and able to bear difficult living conditions能吃苦耐劳的。顽强的。强壮的A few hardy joggers were out running in the cold.几个强健的慢跑锤炼者正
22、在户外的冰冷天气中跑步。Confuciana.of or relating to Confucius or Confucianism（与）孔子（有关）的。（与）儒家（或儒学、儒教）（有关）的Business in China is still conducted in a traditional Confucian manner where politeness and the search for constructive relationships are of the essence, and successful business follows the establishment o
23、fsuch relationships.在中国,做生意仍旧以传统的儒家方式进行,特别讲究礼 和建设性的 关系 ,在建立各种关系后生意才会胜利。doctrinen.C, U a belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a church, political party, or other group教义。主义。 学说。信条The doctrine was based on three fundamental principles.该学说基于三个基本原就。clashvi.1 of beliefs, ideas or personalities be
24、very different and opposed to each other迥然不同。不相容。抵触I want you to have your own thoughts and feelings, even if they clash with mine.我想让你拥有自己的思想和感受,即使它们和我的迥然不同。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2 come together and fight or compete in a contest打斗。冲突。竞赛Eileen didnt intend to, but she clashed with a conceited woma
25、n while visiting a fashion show.艾琳观看时装秀的时候,和一位高傲的女士发生了冲突,尽管她不是有意的。offspringn.C pl. offspring a persons child or children子女。子孙。后代Genes are the structures that carry inheritance information from parents to offspring.基因是父母传递给子女的遗传信息结构。infringevt.do sth. that is against a law or sb.s legal rights违反。触犯（法
26、律）It suggested that second marriages would substantially infringe the rights of inheritance of the members of the first family.这意味着再婚将极大的侵害前一个家庭成员的继承权益。curfewn. C, U1 AmE the time, decided by a parent, by which a child must be home or asleep in the evening（父母规定的）儿童晚间必需回家（睡觉）的时间Fathers and mothers mu
27、st understand the wisdom and purpose of a nighttime curfew for teenagers.父母们必需要懂得给青少年规定晚上回家时间的聪明和目的。2 a law that forces people to stay indoors after a particular time at night, or the time people must be indoors宵禁令。宵禁时间During the wartime, people usually went back home as early as possible because th
28、e evening curfew applied.战时,由于夜间宵禁令的实施,人们通常会尽早回家。defiancen.U open refusal to obey sb. or sth.违反。反对。拒绝听从The committee was satisfied that the gesture of defiance by the chair remained within rules and hadbeen well handled by the board of directors.主席的对抗姿势并不违反规定,而且已由董事会很好的解决, 委员会对此很中意。indignationn.U fe
29、elings of anger and surprise because you feel insulted or unfairly treated愤慨。愤慨。义愤可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结The police officers and body guards have to protect public speakers who may arouse audience indignation or worse. 警察和保镖必需爱护那些会引发听众愤慨甚至更糟情形的公共演讲者。obediencen. Uthe practice of doing what sb. tells
30、 you to do, or of obeying a law or rule听从。服从。遵纪守法 Children were taught to show their parents obedience, duty, and respect.孩子们接受的训练就是服从、本分以及敬重父母。extinguishvt.1 destroy an idea or feeling, or make it stop existing使（想法、感情）破灭。使消亡Continuing budget cuts in education quickly extinguished any hopes for affo
31、rdable public education.训练预算的连续削减很快就使期望公共训练能负担得起的全部想法破灭了。2 make a fire stop burning or a light stop shining熄灭。扑灭When a fire starts, detecting, containing and extinguishing the flames are the three main principles of immediate action.火灾发生时,探测、掌握、扑灭火焰是实行准时行动的三个主要原就。submissionn.1 U the act of accepting
32、 that sb. has defeated you and that you must obey them屈服。投降。归顺The army intends to take the city or simply starve it into submission.军队准备攻占这个城市,或者直接以饥饿迫其屈服。2 C, U the act of giving a plan, piece of writing, etc. to sb. in authority for them to consider or approve, or the plan, piece of writing, etc.
33、itself呈送。提交。呈递。提交的方案（作品等）The application for a building permit does not require the submission of any detailed plans.申请建筑许可证并不要求提交任何具体方案。propagandan.U usu. disapproving ideas or statement that may be false or exaggerated and that are used in order to gain support for a political leader, party, etc.宣
34、扬。鼓吹These recent news reports clearly contain elements of propaganda.这些最近的新闻报道明显含有宣扬的成分。portrait n.C可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1 a painting, drawing, or photograph of a person, esp. of the head and shoulders肖像。画像Shop windows containing the presidents portrait were also smashed and vehicles were overtur
35、ned by the angry people.装有总统肖像的橱窗被愤慨的人们打碎,汽车也被掀翻了。2 a detailed description of sb. or sth.具体的描述。描画Although basically a ghost story, this short novel is a piercingly accurate portrait of childhood in the1950s.尽管基本上只是个鬼故事,但该短篇小说却敏捷精确的描述了20 世纪 50 岁月的儿童生活。militanta.using, or willing to use, force or stro
36、ng pressure to achieve your aims, esp. to achieve social or political change动武的。好战的Rising unemployment and fear of job losses weakened the dominance of militant members of our unions.失业率的上升和对失去工作的惧怕减弱了我们工会中好斗分子的主导位置。n.C sb. who uses militant methods to achieve sth.好斗分子。激进分子Over the next two days, 30
37、,000 troops and police were reported to be engaged in searches for suspected militants.据报道,随后两天,有三万军队和警察出动来搜寻嫌疑武装分子。heritagen.sing., U the history, traditions and qualities that a country or society has had for many years and thatare considered an important part of its character遗产（指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特
38、色） Manchester has a rich cultural, economic, and sporting heritage.曼彻斯特具有丰富的文化、经济和体育传统。overlapn.C, U the amount by which two activities, ideas, things, etc. overlap（两种活动、观点、事物等）交搭的数量,重叠的部分He has emphasized that there is a good deal of overlap in the figures.他强调指出,在这些数字中有很多部分重叠。v.if two or more thing
39、s overlap, part of one thing covers part of the other交搭。（与）（某物）部分重叠One of his two front teeth slightly overlapped the other.他两颗门牙有点相互交叉。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结methodologyn.C, U a system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity方法学。方法论。系统方法This new teaching methodology is based upon
40、a careful examination of the relationship between theory and practice.新的教学法是在对理论和实践的关系进行认真争论的基础上提出的。preachvt.express a strong opinion and try to persuade other people to accept it灌输。尽力劝导The people felt that the prime minister was trying to preach peace and tolerance rather than to explainthe steps h
41、e would take to accomplish the important endeavor.人们感到首相只是在鼓吹和平和忍耐,根本不说明他为了完成这一重要尝试所实行的步骤。v.talk about a religious subject at a religious meeting, esp. in church（尤指在教堂里）布道,讲道He was invited to preach in several other churches in the neighborhood.他应邀前往邻近其他几个教堂布道。armorvt.provide sb. with emotional, soc
42、ial, or other defenses为 供应（感情、社交或其他方面的）防备As was expected, she had mentally armored herself against the inevitable criticisms.正如大家所料,她已经在心理上把自己爱护起来,以应对不行防止的批判。n.U metal or leather clothing that protects your body, worn by soldiers in battles in past times盔甲。甲胄There was a man on guard, wearing leather
43、 armor and a helmet that didnt match.有个人在站岗,穿戴的皮甲和头盔都不相配。confervt.fml. give sth. such as authority, a legal right, or an honor to sb.授予（权力、权益或荣誉等）The children happen to be born in a country where birth confers the right of citizenship.这些孩子们刚好诞生在一个诞生就授予公民权的国家。vi.discuss sth. with other people in orde
44、r to reach a decision争论。商谈。商量。协商可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Political leaders were conferring with economists on how to best ease the economic depression.政界领导正在与经济学家商讨如何才能最大程度的减轻经济衰退。blueprintn. C1 a plan for achieving sth.行动方案。方案蓝图This booklet isnt a blueprint for developing an effective policy, but a
45、guide.这个小册子并不是形成有效政策的蓝图,而只是一个指南。2 a photographic print of a plan for a building, machine, etc. on special blue paper蓝图。设计图These WII documents contain the blueprint for a nuclear bomb which Hitler ordered his team of scientists to develop.这些二战期间的文件含有希特勒命令他的科学家团队研发核弹的设计图。puddingn.C, U a cooked sweet d
46、ish served after the main course of a meal布丁（主食后的甜点）Phrases and expressionsgorge oneself on sth.eat until you are too full to eat any more贪婪的吃。狼吞虎咽After youve gorged yourself on all the all-you-can-eat buffet, you will be too tired to go out with us and have fun.当你狼吞虎咽的吃完 不限量自助餐 全部的东西,你也就疲惫了,没法跟我们出去玩乐。lose weighttake off weight减轻体重tiptoe around sth.try to avoid dealing with a difficult or embarrassin