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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -优等生的要领1 一位争论训练的老师针对成果优异的同学做过重点争论，发觉最聪慧的同学不见得总能得高分。依据这位教授、其他训练专家以及优等生们自己的观点，懂得如何充分发挥自己的潜能对于同学来说更为重要。2 在班上名列前茅的同学之所以学习优秀，是由于他们把握了几个基本原就。第一，优等生知道如何打算轻重缓急。他们从来不会为了打电话、看电视或者吃零食而牺牲学习时间。换言之，学习总是摆在消遣之前。另外，优等生们总是留意随时随的学习。有位成果优异的同学同时也是优秀的运动员，每天利用户外训练时间背生物学术语。而另一位同学
2、就利用每天早上刷牙时间记一个新单词。全部受访的同学无一例外都认为，在什么时间学习完全是个人偏好问题。有些人在夜深人静时学习成效最 好，有些人就喜爱趁着自己仍能清晰的记得上课所讲的内容，一放学回家就开头学 习。尽管如此，全部优等生都一样认为，假如想任何时候都表现优秀，一个主要的因素就是要持之以恒。3 同学仍必需学会有条理。举个例子，有一位优等生在学校乐队、田径队、橄榄球协会和辩论小组里都很活跃。他透露，他之所以把东西放得井井有条是由于他铺张不起处处找东西的时间。仍有一位同学喜爱把当天的笔记立刻整理出来并放进用不同颜色标记的文件夹里，以便接近考试时能随时用来复习。优等生们提倡的另一个技巧是有效的阅
3、读，其中包括快速阅读，提高记忆才能以及主动提出问题以便充分懂得作者的意思。4 对于同学们来说，合理支配时间也同样重要。他们必需懂得如何依据每天的时间表和学习才能来支配做作业和项目的速度，不至于让手头的工作压得喘不过气。能制定时间表不仅让同学能够腾出更多时间来复习和完善功课，而且仍能防止他们拖拖拉拉。成果优异的同学认为，他们胜利的一大要领就是上课时做好笔记，供复习时使 用。有个同学透露，她把从课文上摘抄的内容记在笔记本的一边，把课堂笔记写在另一边。这样，就可同时复习到两方面的内容。她仍透露，她不会铺张下课铃响前的几分钟跟伴侣交头接耳，预备随时冲出教室。相反，她会利用这几分钟用两三句话概括那节课的
4、要点，然后在下次上课前浏览这些笔记，加深印象。5 老师们提倡的致胜要领是尽力让自己的作业干净。有位老师说，同学交上干净作业就已向高分迈进了一步。在课堂上大胆发言和提问也同样重要，这或许是同学澄清可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -疑问的最好方法。课堂参加仍能反映一个同学的求知欲。有个同学概括得好，“好成果来自透彻的懂得”。6 在一所世界顶级高
5、校进行的一项试验证明白小组学习的价值所在。争论说明，同学们假如一起争论家庭作业和问题，尝试不同的解决方法，并且相互说明各自的答 案，分数就会比那些单独用功的同学要高。试验也证明白同学间相互进行模拟测试或自我测试的好处。这就是说，同学们依据笔记设计可能的试题，在考试前一天相互之间进行书面测试或自测。专家们证明，那些能设计模拟试题的同学，往往会在正式考题中发觉很多相同的试题，自然能得高分了。7 优等生使用的另一个技巧是超额完成规定的家庭作业。一位同学透露，老师如是布置五道题，她会做上十道。用她的话说，“练习是学习的一部分。练得越多，学到的也越多。 ”最终一点同样不容忽视：全部的专家和优秀同学都认为
6、，全优生们之所以胜利，父母的功劳至关重要。从孩提时起，父母就给他们灌输学习的重要性，为他们制定高标准，并且引导他们达到这些标准。在学习方面他们给孩子以勉励，而不是代 劳。这些父母从不给孩子施加压力，永久都温顺慈祥，不厌其烦的说明和勉励。他们使孩子们牢记肩负的责任，而孩子们就将其付诸实践。上高校的压力威廉 .津瑟1 身为布兰福德学院的院长，我发觉当今的高校生面临着四种压力：经济压力，来自父母的压力，来自学伴的压力，以及自己给自己的压力。环顾四周， “罪魁祸首 ”轻而易举便可找到：学校收费太高，老师布置太多作业，父母逼迫孩子太紧，同学对自己要求太严。但在压力问题上，没有恶人，只有受害者。2 当今的
7、同学生活在一个残酷的经济现实中，学费、住宿费、书本费及这样那样的费用加起来数额不菲。即使一个同学在校期间做兼职，暑期做全职，四年内仍是会欠下 5,000 美元贷款，毕业后一年内就要开头偿仍。3 少数幸运的同学能得到父母的经济救济，钱并不是一个麻烦的问题，但是来自父母的压力让他们的日子也不好过。4 我看到很多同学一门心思修读医学院预科课程，却毫无欢乐可言。他们去试验室就像去看牙医一样痛楚。这让我很难过，由于我知道在生活的其它方面他们是开朗欢乐的人。5 我问他们： “你想学医吗？ ”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页
8、，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -6 他们回答说： “其实并不想。 ”7 “那为什么仍要进医学院了？”8 “嗯，由于我爸妈期望我当医生。他们始终在供我读书，而且。”9 可怜的同学，可怜的父母啊！他们被困在一张亘古以来由爱、责任和自责交错而成的网中，难以自拔。父母的本意是好的，他们想引导自己的孩子走向无忧无虑的未来，但孩子们却想攻读历史、古典文学或哲学，这些专业毫无“有用 ”价值。人文学科的专业有什么回报？要说服这些关爱子女的父母人文学科的专业确有回报并非
9、易事。攻读历史、古典文学等专业而开发出来的智能，正是这种智能造就了商界及其他领域内富有制造力的领导人物。然而，很多家长仍是宁愿出钱供孩子攻读那些面对某一具体职业的课程，比如法律预科、医学预科、商务预科、或者是我有时听到的所谓“财宝预科 ”。10 可是，同学承担的压力太大，他们简直无所适从了。一方面，他们觉得有义务不辜负父母对自己的期望，究竟父母比自己年长，该更有聪慧吧。但另一方面，他们又觉得，父母认为合适的期望未必适合自己。11 犹如经济压力和来自父母的压力，来自同伴的压力和自己给自己的压力也是交错在一起，而且几乎是从高校一年级刚开学就开头存在了。12 有一位系主任告知我：“我知道这么一个大一
10、的同学，姑且叫她琳达吧，她来向我诉说她正承担着可怕的压力，由于室友芭芭拉比她更聪慧，一天到晚在学习。我不好告知她，就在两小时前芭芭拉也来我这里，说了与琳达同样的话。”13 这件事看来可笑，但实际上并不行笑，这说明全部压力都聚集在一起了。当每个同学都认为别人更为勤奋、成果更好时，他唯独能做的就是更加努力的学习。我看到很多同学每天吃完晚饭就去图书馆，直到深更半夜图书馆关门才回来。我真期望他们有时能忘掉他们的学伴，去看场电影。我经常在拂晓时分仍听到打字机在噼噼啪啪的响，考试来临或论文限期快到时，我能从同学的眼神中看到他们的紧急心情：“我能把全部的事情做完吗？”14 他们很可能完成不了。由于他们会生病
11、，脑袋会“僵硬 ”，无法正常思维。他们要睡觉，而且会睡过头。15 显现这一问题的部分缘由是：他们会远远超额完成任务。老师布置一篇5 页的论文，一些同学就会写上10 页，而少数人甚至会增加到15 页。可怜那些仅仅依据要求完成作业的同学。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -16 一位系主任指出：“一旦 20或 30 的同学刻意的过分努力，对每个同
12、学来说都不是好事。当一位老师看到班上同学更加的努力，那些只是正常完成作业的同学就会被看作是表现不够好。就心理上而言，这个策略仍是有效的。”17 要打破这些同学陷入的“怪圈 ”，四周的人们、老师、父母、伴侣都能赐予帮忙，但归根结底仍是要靠同学自己。他们太年轻，不该成为父母的理想和惧怕同学心理的俘虏。我们必需唤醒他们，使他们信任自己是独一无二的、有才能制造自己将来的人。Listen and RespondTask One Focusing on the Main Ideas1 Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sent
13、ences according to the information contained in the listening passage.1) In this monologue独白 the speaker mainly talks about .A) stories about college lifeB) the life of college freshmenC) carefree life of college studentsD) differences between college and high school2) According to the speaker, the
14、freshman experience will .A) enable students to find true friendshipB) leave a deep impression on every studentC) decide what a student can do in the futureD) teach students the importance of responsibility2 Read the following statements and then decide whether each of them is true or false based on
15、 the information contained in the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -listening passage. Write T for True and F for False in the space provided before each statement.1) T Freshman experience
16、is an unforgettable experience to college students.2) F Students will feel just as comfortable in their first year at college as in their previous years when they were in high school or back at home. Students will be away from the comforts and friendships their home provided for them over the previo
17、us years.3) T Students are able to find very good friends at college.4) T Learning to be responsible for oneself at college is very important.5) F Freshmen should not be concerned with their future careers.During the freshman year, students may start thinking about their future. A certain professor,
18、 some ongoing school research programs, or a specific areaof study, etc. could all be the factors that may influence studentscareers.Task Two Zooming In on the DetailsListen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.1) The freshman year at college is, gen
19、erally speaking, a time filled with anticipation, some anxiety, andwonderful discoveries.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -2) The workload will beheavier and the major challenges of colleg
20、e work are a large amount ofreading and writingand the shortdeadlines .3) College Friendship will be among themost satisfyingand long-termofone s life. It s always excitinogvetor hdoiswcwonderfully diversecollegerelationships can be.4) Students should remember that they are at college with ananticip
21、ated mission : they shouldn t waste timme eoanningless things.5) Going to college is not just to get a degree: it is to find outwho you really are and what you are really made for.Related Information.Task One Discovering the Main Ideas1 Write down the main idea of the following paragraphs in the spa
22、ce provided.1) Para 2:Top students attain academic excellence by mastering a few basic principles that others can easily learn.2) Para 3:Top students learn to be organized.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - -
23、 - - - - - - - - -3) Para 4:Top students know how to schedule their time properly.4) Para 5:Top students are very serious about school and very active in class.5) Para 6:Students benefit from group study.2 Read the following statements and then decide whether each of them is true or false based on t
24、he information in the text. Write T for True and F for False in the space provided before each statement.1) T Being bright does not necessarily make one a straight-A student.2) T A top student knows how to balance between what is more important and what is less important.3) F One student thinks that
25、 learning a new word while brushing his teeth helps him learn the new word best.The student does so in order to save time.4) T A messy student may waste a lot of time.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - -
26、- - - - - - -5) F Professors may concentrate more on the neatness of an assignment than on its content.The student who turns in neat work is a step closer to a high score.6) T Students benefit more from group study than from individual study.7) F Pressure from parents is good for students.Encouragem
27、ent rather than pressure from parents helps students a lot.3 Summarize the basic principles that top students master and apply in their studying and put them down in the space provided.Basic Principles That Top Students Master and Applya. set prioritiesb. study anywhere or everywherec. study at one
28、s preferred timed. be consistentTask Two Reading Between the LinesRead the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.1) it is far more important for a student to know howto make the most of his or her innate abilities. Para. 1可编辑资料 - -
29、- 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Being bright doesn t necessarily make a student a top student. What is of more importance is that he / she learns how to make the best use of theabilities that he /
30、 she is born with.2) The students at the top of the class attain academic excellence by mastering a few basic principles that others can easily learn. Para. 2 Anyone can be a top student if he / she adopts some basic principles that are not difficult to learn.3) According to one professor,the studen
31、t who turns in neat work is already on the way to scoring an A. Para. 5One professor said that the student who turns in a piece of neat work is likely to get a very good score.Task Three Voicing Your ViewsWork in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions.1) Do you know any other
32、secrets towards academic excellence besides those mentioned in Text A. If so, share them with your classmates.Other possible secrets are:find out the learning strategies that best suit oneself; consult more references;do extra reading;take a short break when tired; etc.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名
33、师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -2) Which is more important to you on your way towards academic excellence, intelligence or diligence 勤奋刻苦 . Why do you think so.Some students will opt for intelligence because some peo
34、ple hold that one can t be a top student if he / she is not bright enough. Other students may say that diligent work always pays off.3) Do you think parental influence is a very important factor ina child s academic excellence. Why or why not.Most people will say that good parental influence usually
35、 has positive effects on the children because parents are role models and first teachers of their children.4) Do you often participate in group study. Why or why not.People are sometimes divided on this question. Most people are positive towards group study because they learn better by discussing ho
36、mework and problems together. Some may be negative toward group work, as they feel they are most efficient when studying alone. The attitude toward group workhas been proven to be related to one s personality.Text BChecking Your Vocabulary Word Detective可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - -
37、- - - -第 10 页，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Play detective and find the required word or phrase in Text B according to the clues given. Then, make at least two sentences with each of the words or phrases you have found. The number of the parag
38、raph in which the target word or phrase appears is given in brackets.1) A verb meaning“ to ask in payment” : Para. 1Write down the target word here:chargea. The shop doesnchargt efor delivery.b. They chargea heavy tax on imported wine.2) A noun meaning“ a person of the same age, class, position, etc
39、. as oneself” : Para. 1Write down the target word here:peera. The opinions of hispeersare more important to him than his parents ideas.b. Children tend to be influenced bypeerpressure.3) A phrase meaning“ to arrive at a particular state or position” : Para.Write down the target phrase here:come toa.
40、 The two brothers quicklycame toblows during their quarrel.b. All this sex and violence on the TV what is the worldcoming to.4) A noun meaning“ an amount of money that a person, business, etc. borrows, especially from a bank” : Para. 2可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 42
41、页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Write down the target word here:loana. How soon do you have to pay off theloan .b. Jim took out aloanto pay for his car.5) A noun meaning“ the total produced when numbers, amounts, etc., are added together” : Para. 2Wr
42、ite down the target word here:suma. I had to spend a largesumof money to have my damaged car repaired.b. The company was sold for an undisclosedsum .6) An adjective meaning“ involving the use of imagination to produce new and original ideas or things” : Para. 9Write down the target word here:creativ
43、ea. A creativeperson has the ability to invent and develop original ideas, especially in the arts.b. This job is so boring. I wish I could do something morecreative.7) A verb meaning“ to make sb. feel it necessary to do sth., especially because of a sense of duty” : Para. 10Write down the target wor
44、d here:obligatea. He felt obligatedto visit his parents every weekend.b. Do you feelobligatedto see your teacher who is now in the hospital.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -2 Match the words in Column A with the meanings in Column