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1、. .Unit4 I used to be afraid of the dark自主预习Section A1.humorous原文重现：_仿写句子：_2. silent原文重现：_仿写句子：_3. helpful原文重现：_仿写句子：_4. from time to time原文重现：_仿写句子：_5. background原文重现：_仿写句子：_6. interview原文重现：_仿写句子：_7. dare原文重现：_仿写句子：_8. private原文重现：_仿写句子：_9. require原文重现：_仿写句子：_10. speech原文重现：_仿写句子：_11. take up doin
2、g原文重现：_仿写句子：_词汇学习：1. silent adj. 沉默的；寂静的词组有：remain/stay/keep silent 保持沉默如：Please keep silent while watching films in the cinema. 在电影院里看电影时请保持安静。Mary is a silent girl. 玛丽是一个沉默的女孩。【拓展】相关单词：silence n.寂静 无声 如：Silence is gold.沉默是金。silently adv. 沉默地；寂静地如：They went silently through the streets.他们无声地穿过街道。2.
3、 dare v.敢于；胆敢 通常不用进展时1dare用作实义动词，此时其后的动词不定式可带to也可不带to,，且dare有人称和数以及时态的变化。如：I dare to jump down from the top of the wall. 我敢从那墙头上跳下来。 She doesnt dare (to) meet her teachers eyes. 她不敢与教师对视。 2dare用作情态动词，后跟动词原形，主要用于疑问句、否认句和条件句中。如：How dare she do things like that to me? 她怎么敢对我做那种事? Dare you catch the mou
4、se? 你敢去抓那只老鼠吗？ I darent do that. 我不敢抓。3. from time to time不时, 偶尔, 间或,有时如：From time to time,she gave him an encouraging nod. 她不时对他点头鼓励。I can seeTom at the library from time to time. 我在图书馆有时能看见汤姆。【拓展】与time 有关的短语 all the time 一直 have a good time玩得快乐in time 及时 on time准时 once upon a time从前 time and time
5、again反复4.deal with 处理，解决(deal-dealt-dealt) 经常和疑问词how连用。如：I dont know how to deal with the problem. 我不知道如何处理这个问题。 At the beginning of this term, well have many difficulties to deal with. 这学期开场我们将有许多难题要解决。 【拓展】deal with还可以作“对待；对付解。如：The old lady is hard to deal with. 那个老太太很难对付。 What is the best way of
6、 dealing with the cruel enemy? 对付残忍的敌人最好的方法是什么？ deal with 还可以作“论述或谈论某问题解。如：This book deals with problems of pollution. 这本书论述污染问题。 He made a speech at the conference, dealing with folk music. 他在大会上做了一次演讲，谈民间音乐。【辨析】do with/deal withdo with 常与连接代词 what 连用，而 deal with 常与连接副词 how 连用。如： I dont know how th
7、ey deal with the problem . (= I dont know what they do with the problem . )我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。 He is easy to deal with . (= He is easy to do with . 这时“do是不及物动词)他是容易相处的人。这两个词组在使用时有细微的差异。一般地说，do with 表示“处置、“忍受、“相处、“有关等。如： They found a way to do with the elephant . 他们找到对付那头大象的方法了。 We cant do with such care
8、lessness . 我们不能容忍这种粗枝大叶的作风。 Its difficult for us to do with the new er . 我们很难与新来的那个人相处。 I have nothing to do with him . 我跟他无任何关系。5. interview v. 采访，面试 ; n. 面试如：Tom is interviewing the old person.Tom正在采访那个老人。相关单词有：interviewer 采访者，interviewee 被采访者。 作为名词为可数名词。I should get up early because I have a job
9、interview today.我应该早起，因为我今天有个面试。 稳固检测：I. 根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。1. As she is getting old,she d_to sing in front of others, although she was afraid of it before.2. Youd better go to bed early because youll have a job i_ tomorrow.3. The girl is a s_ student. She seldom speaks to others.4. Professor Li is very
10、 h_.He often makes us laugh.5. The leaves t_ yellow in fall.6. Now John is very famous , and he doesnt have much p_ time anymore.II.完成句子。1. 为了更好地与他的客户交流，他四十多岁开场了学习英语。To municate better with his customers, he _ _ _ English in his forties.2. 进展清晨锻炼真是个好主意！Doing morning exercise is _ _ great idea.3. 那个警
11、卫以前工作很尽职。That _ _ _ _ hardworking.4. 她很小就经常处理一些家庭事物。When she was a little girl, she often _ _ some family problems.5. 当每个学生都能认真听课时，教师会很开心。Teachers will be very happy to _ all the students _ in class.句型学习1. Mario, you used to be short, didnt you? 马里奥，你以前很矮，是吗？used to “过去常常做某事,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态，后跟动词原形。1
12、There used to be.反义疑问句didnt there? 过去有-2否认形式为: didnt use to 或 usednt to如：You didnt use to like apples. 你过去不喜欢苹果。3疑问形式为: Did.use to.? 或 Used.to.?如：Did you use to be shy? 你过去很内向吗？（4） be/get used to doing sth.习惯于, to 为介词。如：I am used to getting up early.我习惯了早起。2. Its been three years since we last saw o
13、ur primary school classmates. 自从我们上次见到我们的小学同学已经三年了。此句为“It is/ has been+时间+since从句句型构造。【拓展】“It is +时间+since/that/when/before从句的用法区别。(1) “Its +some time + since 从句意为：“自从-以来已经很久了。Since从句的时态必须是一般过去时。如：Its ten years since I graduated.自从我毕业以来已经十年了。(2) “Its+some time+that从句意为：“ -多久了。此句为强调句，去掉Its 和that之后，剩下
14、局部必须是个完整的句子。 如：Its ten years that Ive lived here for.我在这儿居住已经长达十年了。 原句为：Ive lived here for ten years.(3)“Its +some time+ when从句意为：“-是在某个时刻。When从句是定语从句，要求从句的时态和Its的is/was对应。 如：It was ten years ago when I graduated.我毕业十年前。(4) “Its + some time +before从句意为：“过了多久-才-。Before从句的时态必须是一般过去时；Its=it is。如：Its te
15、n years before I graduated.过了十年，我才毕业。3. Its interesting to see how people have changed.看人们是如何变化的很有趣。此句为“It be+形容词+for/of sb.to do -句型构造。句中的It是形式主语，动词不定式短语 to see-是真正的主语，这个句子可写成：To see how people have changed is interesting.如：Its good to help each other.可以写成：To help each other is good.帮助别人很不错。【拓展】(1)
16、英语中，如果作主语用的不定式短语太长，那么通常采用本句型构造。将it置于句首，而将真的主语置于句尾，以防止“头重脚轻的现象。(2)用不定式复合构造即for/of sb.to do作真正的主语时，for sb.前通常使用表示客观情况的形容词，如：easy容易的, hard困难的, difficult困难的, important重要的, interesting有趣的等；of sb.前通常使用表示主观感情、态度，人物的性格、品德的形容词，如：good好的,kind善良的,nice好的,clever聪明的,foolish傻的等。如： It is important for us to learn En
17、glish well.对于我们来说，学好英语很重要。 Its really nice of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好了。4. She explained that there are many good things, like being able to travel and meet new people all the time. 她解释说有很多好的事情，像能够旅游并能见到一些没见过的人。(1)all the time 意为“一直、总是，侧重于一段时间内连续的动作，或时间上的不连续，表示始终如一、没有停顿，通常位于句子末尾。如：It rained all the t
18、ime. 雨一直下个不停。(2)like 为介词，后面加动名词doing做其宾语，而meet和travel并列，共用了一个being able to。5.Only a very small number of people make it to the top. 只有非常小的一局部人才能够到达顶端。1“a number of+名词复数,意为“许多，相当多，其中心词是后面的复数名词，相当于many；作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，可用large, small等形容词修饰number。如： A large number of foreign people were present at the me
19、eting.相当多的外国人出席了会议。(2)“the number of意为“-的数目、数量，“the number of+名词复数这一构造中心词是number，不是后面的名词复数，因此作主语时，谓语动词必须与the number照应用第三人称单数形式。如： The number of students in our class is 45. 我们班的学生数是45。 (3)make it 成功，make it to the top 成功地登顶。稳固检测I. 按要求完成句子。1.Believe yourself and you can succeed.(改为同义句You will _ _ if
20、you believe yourself.2Its almost impossible for me to hang out with friends(改为同义句_ _ with friends _ almost _ for me.3.The old man used to be a soldier.改为同义句The old man _ a soldier in _ _.4. John used to collect stamps.对划线局部提问_ John _?5._, but now she is outgoing.根据句义，完成句子II. 翻译句子。1.我只是偶尔去超级市场。I only
21、 go to the supermarket _ _ _ _.2. 你知道怎样处理这个问题吗？Do you know_ _ _ _ this problem?3. 这是我第一次在公共场合发言。It is the first time that I speak _ _.4. 那个八岁的亚洲男孩放弃了比赛。The _ _ boy _ _ the petition.5. 我已经两年多没见到她了。It is over two years_ _ _ her.6. 桌子上苹果的数量是多少？What _ _ _ of the apples on the table?7. 很多人愿意参加这项活动。_ _ _
22、people would like to take part in the activity.语法学习used to sth. used to do (sth) used to是一个固定构造，它的意思是“过去经常做某事、过去曾经，它的后面用动词原形，它表示过去存在某种状态或者过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在，所以它只能用一般过去时，不能用现在时态。1. 它的陈述句的肯定形式：主语used to动词原形。例如：I used to play with my friendsafter school. 过去放学后我常常和朋友们一起玩。2. 它的否认形式：主语did
23、ntuse to动词原形。或usednt to例如：You didnt use to like pop songs. 你过去常常不喜欢流行歌曲。3. 它的一般疑问句形式：Did主语use to动词原形其他或Used -to例如：Did your sister use to be quiet? 你的妹妹过去常常是很安静吗？4. used to的状语可以用副词always，often，sometimes等，但是仍然是过去的习惯，不是指现在的习惯，所以不能用一般现在时。表示过去总是，过去常常，过去有时候。例如：He always used to be late for class. 他过去常常上课迟
24、到。5. used to可以用在there be构造中表示“过去经常有的意思。例如：There used to be a lot of fishes in this river. 过去这条小河常常有许多鱼。稳固检测I.选择。1.Mary, you _ be short, but now you are tall. A. wereB. are C. use to D. used to 2 My mother _ us stories when we were children. A. was used to tell B. is used to telling C. used to tell D
25、. used to telling 3 _used to_an old bookshelf in my room. A. There; be B. There; have C. It; beD. There; having 4 There used to be a river here, _? A. used there B. didnt thereC. wasnt it D. did it 5 My brother has been used _ in the village school. A. to working B. to workC. working D. work .翻译句子：
26、1 你以前一直跟父母一起住么？ _. 2 我过去一直在中学教英语。 _. 3 这里原来是一个大的工厂。 _. 4 那个男孩以前就不安静。 _.Section B自主预习1. influence v. & n.原文重现：_仿写句子：_2. proud adj.原文重现：_仿写句子：_3. absent adj.原文重现：_仿写句子：_4. pride n. 原文重现：_仿写句子：_5. fail v. 原文重现：_仿写句子：_6. a - bus ride原文重现：_仿写句子：_7. self-introduction n.原文重现：_仿写句子：_8. general adj & n.原文重现：
27、_仿写句子：_词汇学习1.influence n. 可用于词组 have an influence on sb. 对-有影响1 影响,作用 如：The influence of parents on children is important. 父母对孩子的影响是很重要的。2 影响力;势力,权势 如：Mr. Smith is a man of influence in this town. 史密斯先生是这个镇上有权势的人物。3有影响的人(或事物);有权势者 如：Mr. Zhang is an important influence in his school.X先生是我们学校一个有影响力的人。
28、4vt. 影响,感化; 如： I dont want to influence you. You must decide for yourself. 我不想影响你。你必须自行决定。2.absent 1adj. 缺席的；不在的；缺乏的 如：Professor Li isabsent, I will take the lesson in the place of him. 李教授不在，我替他上课。用作表语时常与介词from连用,有时还可接动名词,主语一般为人。如 be absentfrom Shanghai意为“不在XX。2absent前加定冠词the可用作名词,意思是“缺席的人。类似的还有： t
29、he poor 穷人们， the old 老人们等。此时，谓语动词应为复数。如：The old are looking forward to seeing their children succeed. 老人们都期望着看到自己的孩子成功。3vt. 使缺席 如：Why did youabsentyourself from school yesterday? 昨天你为何不到校?3.fail1vi.失败，未能成功，未能做到： fail to do, fail(in) the exam如：The experiment failed. 实验失败了。We tried but failed. 我们尝试过，但
30、失败了。2衰弱，减弱，消失，衰退：如：Her sight is beginning to fail. 她的视力开场下降。4. general 1 adj.普遍的；全面的；一般性的；大致的；笼统的；常规的；总的；首席的如：They gave ageneraldescription of the man. 他们对这个男人作了大致的描述。They just asked somegeneralquestions. 他们只问了一些挺笼统的问题。3n.将军，一般如： Ingeneral, no one would like a man who says something bad about others
31、 behind their back. 一般说来,没有人会喜欢一个背后说人坏话的家伙。 Thegeneralis a respectable man. 那位将军是个令人肃然起敬的人物。5. introduction n. 介绍,说明书 其动词为introduce。introduce 表示“介绍时，主要用于介绍两个不认识的人互相认识，或是向听众或观众宣布并介绍演讲者或播送、节目等的细节。如： Allow me to introduce my wife. 让我介绍一下，这是我的太太。Its my pleasure to introduce tonights speakers.我很荣幸来介绍今晚的演
32、讲者。另外，introduce sb. to sb.把某人介绍给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍6. be proud of 以-为傲 意思类似于 take pride in。proud 为形容词，意思是“自豪的，骄傲的；pride是名词，意思是“骄傲，自豪。 如： Toms mother takes pride in her son.Tom的妈妈以自己的儿子为傲。意思等于：Toms mother is proud of her son.稳固检测I. 根据提示完成单词。1. The polluted environment has a bad i_ on our life.2
33、. I s_ watch sports programs, so I dont know the players name.3. He was sad because he f_the exam.4. The old man was guided by his _孙子.5. Though I havent seen my classmates for years, I still remember their names_准确地.6. The reporter is i_the fireman about the fire and he asked him many questions abo
34、ut it.7. The g_ ordered the soldiers not to run away.8. The boss was angry about his being_缺席from the party.9. Spiders are a kind of i_.10. Dont be n_. Youd better be brave enough.II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. This is a _ (board) school, the students live and eat here.2. The scientist improves the ways of_ (produce).3. The boy is wasting time_ (play) puter games.4. To his _ (happy), he passed the final exam.5. Most people may be afraid of _ (be) alone.句型学习1. As a small child, he seldom gave his parents any problems, and they were proud of him.小时候，他很少给父母带来任何麻烦，而且他们为他感到骄傲。(1)句中as为介词，意为“作为。如：A