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1、. .小学阶段不规则动词全表动词原形 过去式 动词原形 过去式1. am, iswas2. keepkept3. arewere4. letlet5. bee became6. make made7. begin began8. meet met9. bite bit10. put put11. blow blew12. read read13. buybought14. ride rode15. catchcaught16. run ran17. e came18. saysaid19. cost cost20. seesaw21. cutcut22. sing sang23.dig dug
2、24. sit sat25.do did26. sleep slept27. draw drew28. speak spoke29. drink drank30. sweep swept31. eat ate32. take took33. fall fell34.teachtaught35. feedfed36. tell told37.feelfelt38.think thought39. flyflew40. throw threw41.forgetforgot42.understand understood43. getgot44. givegave45. wakewoke46. go
3、 went 47. wearwore48. grow grew49. winwon50. have/hashad51. write wrote52. know knew一般疑问句一般疑问句是疑问句的一种。它是指用yes或no来回答的句子。其结构是:系动词be/助动词/情态动词主语其他成分?如:Is this your pen?Yes it is./No it isnt.注意:将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am is are )时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:Im in Class Grade Are you in Class Grade W
4、ere watching TV Are you watching TV陈述句中有情态动词(can may must )时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:He can swim now Can he swim nowThe children may e with us May the children e with us陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如:I like these animals Do you like these animalsShe wants to go to the
5、movies Does she want to go to the movies一般疑问句一般读升调()一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。一、一般疑问句一般疑问句也可称为 “yes no questions”,因这种问句通常用yes no来回答,相当于汉语中的“吗?”其语序是:系动词 助动词 情态动词主语其他成分?如:Are you from JapanYes I am No Im notIs her sister doing her homework nowYes she is No she isntDoes he work in a bankYes he does No he doe
6、sntDo you live near your schoolYes I do No I dontCan you speak FrenchYes I can No I cantMay I go home nowYes you may No you mustnt注意:将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am is are )时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:Im in Class Grade Are you in Class Grade Were watching TV Are you watching TV陈述句中有情态动词(can may mus
7、t )时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:He can swim now Can he swim nowThe children may e with us May the children e with us陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如:I like these animals Do you like these animalsShe wants to go to the movies Does she want to go to the movies一般疑问句一般读升调()一般疑问
8、句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如:Are they in town nowI think so.May I sit hereCertainlyDoes he like soccerSorry I dont know6. 一般疑问句的第一单词总是虚词,读的时候要读轻声。二、特殊疑问句以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:what who whose which when where how why等。特殊疑问句有两种语序:如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(主语)谓语动词其他成分?如:who is singing i
9、n the roomwhose bike is broken如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词一般疑问句语序?如:what class are you inWhat does she look likeWhere are you fromWhat time does he get up every morningHow do you know注意:回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:Who is from CanadaHelen (is)Wheres the restaurantNear the stationWhy do you li
10、ke koalasBecause they are cute特殊疑问句一般读降调()。特殊疑问句以疑问词who,what,when,which,why,where,whose,hou等引导的问句都叫特殊疑问句,也叫疑问词疑问句,有时还被称为wh-问句(wh-question)。结构一般为:疑问词+助动词+主语+主动词等。特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头,询问的内容不同, 使用的疑问词也不同。我们学过的疑问词有what(询问事物), how much(询问价格), what time (询问时间,尤其是点钟), what kind of(询问种类), why(询问原因),who(询问人),
11、where(询问地点) 等等。如: What is this? 这是什么? Its a key. 这是一把钥匙。 How much is it? 这个多少钱? Its twenty dollars. 二十美元。 What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢哪一类型的电影? I like action movies. 我喜欢动作片。 二、特殊的语序。 特殊疑问句由疑问词开头,其构成是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。如: What time is it? 现在几点钟? Who is your teacher? 谁是你的老师? 三、特殊的答语。 特殊疑问句不能用yes, no
12、来回答,而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如: What time is it, please? 请问几点了? Its 7:30. 七点半了。 Where are they? 他们在哪儿? Theyre in the playground. 他们在操场上。 Whats your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么? English. 英语。 四、 特殊的语调。 一般情况下,特殊疑问句要用降调()来读。如: Whos that? How old isJack?1)what引导的各种特殊疑问句。1.-Whats this/that in English?这个那个用英语怎
13、么说?-Its a ruler.是一把尺子。2.-Whats one and two?一加二等于多少?-Its three.等于三。3.-What are these/those?这些那些是什么?-They are apples.是苹果。4.-What can you see in the picture?你在图画里能看见什么?-I can see a lot of people in it.我能看见许多人。5.-Whats the time?现在几点了?-Its five twenty.五点二十分。6.-What colour is the car?这辆车是什么颜色的?-Its red.红色
14、的。2)who引导的特殊疑问句。1.-Whos this?这是谁?-This is Lily.这是莉莉。2.-Whos the girl on the chair?坐在椅子上的那个女孩是谁?-Shes Lucys sister.她是露西的妹妹。3.-Whos on duty today?今天谁值日?-Han Mei is.是韩梅。3)whose引导的特殊疑问句。1.-Whose is this knife?这把刀是谁的?-Its his.是他的。2.-Whose coats are these?这是谁的上衣?-They are theirs.是他们的。4)which引导的特殊疑问句。1.-Wh
15、ich food do you like?你喜欢哪种食物?-I like eggs and meat.我喜欢蛋和肉。2.-Which man?哪位男士?-The one in the white car.在白色小汽车里面的那一位。5)where引导的特殊疑问句。1.-Wheres Jim?吉姆在哪儿?-Hes at home.他在家里。2.-Wherere Lucys books?露西的书在哪里?-They are in her bag.在她的书包里。6)how引导的特殊疑问句。1.-How are you?你好吗?-Im fine,thank you.我很好,谢谢。2.-How do you
16、 do?您好!-How do you do?您好!3.-How do you spell it?它是如何拼写的?-B-double O-K.B,O,O,K。4.-How old are you?你几岁了?-Im ten.我十岁。5.-How many birds can you see in the picture?你在图画中能看到多少只鸟?-I can see five.我能看见5只。一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six
17、 every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加-s或-es。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工
18、人。一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt构成否定句。如:He doesnt often play.一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当
19、主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-stu
20、dies现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音
21、字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent)带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句:di
22、dnt +动词原形,如:Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则:1一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音
23、字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studiedThere be 句型与have, has的区别1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is ; 主语是复数,be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品,be 动词根据最靠近be 动词的那个名词决定。3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)
24、 表示某人拥有某物。5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用:some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是: How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语? How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是: Whats + 介词短语?将来时理论及练习一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomo
25、rrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。 二、基本结构:be going to + do;will+ do. 三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如:Im going to have a piic this afternoon. Im not going to have a piic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如:We are goi
26、ng to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如:Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 问干什么。What do.例如: My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候。When.例如:Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句:be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow. . .word.