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1、学校代码 !Q22学 号J型世也童!一隶北装警t-謦硕士学位论文农产品供应链中农民合作社助农增收的影响及对策研究基于黑龙江省240个农户的调查作 者姜丢瑞学位类别 蟹理堂亟一级学科巫拄经溘筐理导 师郭翔主数授所在学院经遗筻堡堂院二级学科巫些经渣管理弛五博一一矧特级j分Y图1中密万方数据Classified Index：Confidential(yesno)：noCode：10224No140810689Dissertation for the Master DegreeResearch on the Influence andCountermeasures of FarmersCooperat
2、ivesHelping Farmers to Increase Income in theAgricultural Supply Chain-Taking 240Farmers in HeUongj iang Province forExampleCandidate：Jiang TianruiSupervisor：ProfGuo XiangyuDegree Category：Master of ManagementCollege：College of Economics and ManagementFirst level discipline：Agricultural and Forestry
3、1一 P2conomlcs and ManagementSecond level discipline：Agricultural Economics andManagementHarbin rhinaJune 2017万方数据目录目 录IIII IIII I III I III III I IIlY3231678曼摘要I英文摘要IIIl引言l11研究背景、目的及意义l111研究背景111，2研究目的1113研究意义212国内外研究综述3121国外研究综述3122国内研究综述4123简要述评一613研究的主要内容与方法7131研究的主要内容7132研究方法82相关概念界定及理论基础1021农民合
4、作社的概念界定10211农民合作社的概念与特征10212农民合作社的原则10213农产品供应链及其管理的概念12214农产品供应链的特征1322本研究的理论基础1322，1供应链管理理论13222委托代理理论l 5223公共物品理论15224博弈论理论153农产品供应链中农民合作社的运作现状与发展趋势1731黑龙江省农民合作社的整体概况1732农民合作社的规模与带动能力1833农民合作社的产品加工能力1934农民合作社的品牌培育能力1935农产品供应链中农民合作社的发展趋势204样本选取与描述性统计分析2241样本与数据获取2242样本农户基本特征2243样本农户种植情况统计分析2344样本农
5、户生产成本投入统计分析24万方数据东北农业大学管理学硕士学位论文45样本农户参加合作社情况统计分析25451农户参加合作社意愿25452农户参加农民合作社情况2646农民合作社加工、仓储配送与销售情况分析265农产品供应链中农民合作社助农增收实证分析2851分析框架的构建与说明28511合作社提供的服务28512农户特征28513农户收入2852农产品供应链中农民合作社对农户收入影响的计量分析29521模型假设的提出29522模型中变量的说明3053实证结果分析与讨论3l6促进农产品供应链中农民合作社助农增收的对策建议3561完善管理体制，延伸合作社产业链条3562增加对农民合作社的财政和相关
6、基础设施的支持力度3663完善农业科技推广机制，优化农业技术环境一3764建立长期的教育培训制度，注重人才培养377结论39致谢40参考文献41附录44攻读硕士学位期间发表的学术论文49万方数据CoNTENTSAbstract in ChineseIAbstract in English1II1 IntroductiOn11。1 Research background、purpose and significancel111 Research background。1l，l，2 Research purposel113 Research significance-212 Research re
7、view and summary at home and abroad-3121 Foreign research summariesj122 Domestic research summaries斗123 Brief review713 The main contents and methods ofthe research-8131 Research contents8132 Research methods-62 Relevant concept definition and theoretical basis-1021 The concept and characteristics o
8、ffarmer cooperatives1022 The principle of farmer cooperatives-。_1 123 Knowledge of agricultural supply chain1224 Characteristics of agricultural supply chain1425 The theoretical basis ofthis study一l斗251 Supply chain management theory一14252 Principalagent theory1。253 Public goods theory-+1。254 Game t
9、heorylo3 The operation of farmet cooperatives in the agricultural supply chain-1 731 The overall situation offarmerscooperative in the agricultural supply chain1732 Size and drive capacity ofFarmer Cooperatives-1833 The product processing capacity ofFarmersCooperative1934 Cooperative branding capaci
10、ty135 The development trend of farmerscooperative in the agricultural supply chain-204 Sample descriptive statistical analysis二z41 Questionaire design and data acquisitionz242 Basic characteristics offarmers-一_zz43 Planting basic situation_zj44 Production cost input-2445 Participation in cooperative
11、s二3lIl万方数据451 Farmerswillingness to participate into cooperatives。452 Farmersparticipation in cooperatives。46 Processingwarehousing，distribution and saleszo5 Empirical research on the influence of farmerscooperatives helping farmersto increaseintome in the agrlcultural supply chain-o51 Processing，wa
12、rehousing，distribution and salesz6511 Cooperative service28512 Famers characteristics28513 Farmers income2852 Quantitative analysis ofthe influence offarmer cooperatives On farmers income29521 Model hypothesis29522 Description ofmodel variablesu53 Empirical analysis316 Suggestions on how to promote
13、the effective integration of farmerscooperatiVesin theagricultural supply chain-61 Expand the scale of operation，extend the industrial chainj)62 1ncrease financial and infrastructure construction On farmerscooperatives珀63 Improve the a鲥cultural science and technology promotion mechanism，op1mlze thea
14、gricultural technology environment“。764 The establishment of long-term eduction and training system，pay attention to P680彻。ltraining377 Conclusion39Acknowledgement40References41Appendix44Papers published in the period of PhMeducation-_斗yIV万方数据研究生学位论文独创声I删和使用授权书独 创 声 明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的
15、研究成果。据我所知，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含未获得(注；如没查其他盖要犍别主明的：查拦窒或其他教育机构的学位或证书使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示谢意。学位论文作者虢菩天叶 嗍刃夕年。铜学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和磁盘，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权学校可以将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编学位论文。 (保密的学位论
16、文在解密后适用本授权书)靴做储懿：撕 嗍刊陴导 师 签 名：匆扩角日期：羽7年饷巾万方数据摘要摘 要随着我国农业产业化经营深入发展，以传统的农产品批发市场为主导的供应链流通模式已经无法有效满足消费者日益多样化的需求。如今，大多数农户仍以分散、被动的方式参与供应链的管理，直接影响了农民生产的主观能动性。这种分散、经营的生产方式也很难同激烈竞争的市场环境相适应。农户作为农产品供应链中农产品的最主要生产者，农产品的最初供应方，源头质量的控制者，对于从源头上保障农产品的质量至关重要。然而由于农户具有个体性和分散性，对农产品的质量也不具备完全的可控性，加之供应链上各个企业互相竞争，不仅损害了农户的利益，
17、也降低了企业的效益。同时，农产品易腐败、易损坏、易被污染等特性也增加了流通环节的困难程度，市场交易的自由性对农产品的新鲜度、美观度、质量也提出了更高的要求。农民合作社作为农产品供应链中的重要组织成员，有效弥补了分散农户经营规模小、抵抗风险能力差、获取市场信息不畅、市场地位低，谈判处于劣势地位的先天弱质性，在减少农产品中间不必要的流通环节、流通费用，发展农业和农村经济、提高农户收入、促进城乡一体化发展和实现农业现代化、产业化等多方面都发挥不可忽视的促进作用。本文在现有国内外研究的基础上，首先对黑龙江省农产品供应链中农民合作社的现状进行分析，并对合作社提供的相关配套服务做出较为细致的阐述。其次，对
18、农产品供应链的概念及其特点进行研究，并基于供应链一体化思想，选取黑龙江省240个农户作为样本，调查农产品供应链中农民合作社对农户收入的影响。建立农民合作社影响农民收入的实证分析框架，利用多元线性回归模型对农户个体特征、种植情况、合作社参加情况、物流服务等方面进行对比，最后提出了构建以农民合作社为核心的农产品供应链的观点，并分析选取农民合作社作为核心的原因和构建这种农产品供应链模式的重要意义，为理论和实践的结合做了进一步探索。研究表明，农民合作社在农产品供应链上的地位和作用日益明显，参加合作社的农户能够获得更好的生产技术服务和更多的经济利益，对农民收入影响显著。此外，在农产品供应链中居于主导地位
19、的农民合作社能保证农户参与到供应链中来获得合理的利益分配和分享专业化生产带来的利益附加值，有助于改变传统的农业发展模式，提升农民生活品质，实现更高水平的增收。综合以上研究成果，本文提出要创新发展农产品供应链，通过强化合作社内部机制、延伸产业链条、加强农民专业素养的培训等方面来进一步完善合作社的运j亍体系，从而让农民合作社真正成为农产品供应链上的核心，并以此来更好地促进农民收入。关键词：农民合作社；农产品供应链；农民收入万方数据Research On the Influence and Countermeasures ofFarmersCooperatives Helping Farmers t
20、o IncreaseIncome in the Agricultural Supply ChainTaking 240Farmers in Heilon iang Province for ExampleAbstractWith Chinafurther development of agricultural industrialization，traditional circulation of89ricultural products market has been unable to meet the increasing diverse needs of consumer8effect
21、ivelyNowadays，Most of the farmers are as the family unit to produce，using a decentralizedstate to participate the agricultural supply，they are subjected tO the arrange theCOre enterDrise inthe supply chain，which are having the direct impact on thefarmersproduction enthusiasmThisd。encralized，operatin
22、g mode of production is also difficult to adapt to the highly competitivemark。t。nVironmentFarmers as the major producers of agricultural products，quality of sourcecontrol lS Vcry lmportant to ensure the quality of agricultural products from the sourceHoweverdoe to the independence of the farmers and
23、 dispersion，they are limited to control the agrieulturalproduct qualityThe interests between each enterprise on the supply chain is conflictedThis notonly harm the interests of farmers，also harm the interests of other enterprisesAt the same timetothe supply chain of agricultural products，the market
24、has higher requirement on the freshness andquality of agricultural products than beforeAgricultural products are easier to damage，perish andcontaminatedThey are also increasing the complexity of circufateFarmersCooperatives as the basic body of leading farmers into the market，the new ruralentIties o
25、f developing the agriculture and countl77side economics，its main purpose is to increasetamersS income and improve their welfareStudy the impact of FarmersCooperatives in theagricultural supply chain of increasing farmersincome has an important theoretical and DracticalslgniticanceFa砌er cooperatives
26、as a Dew agricultural product circulation mode in the agriculturalproducts supply chain，effectively make up for the scattered peasant household production of smallseale，weak antirisk ability，ineffective market information，they are not have negotiationadVantage a力d cost advantage in reducing the cost
27、 agricultural products circulationFarmers in thesuPPlY chain can Increase farmers。income，promote coordinated development of urban and ruralareas as a unit,and It also can promote agricultural modernization to play a positive role in manvaspectsBased on the review of relevant research results and sup
28、ply chain of integration ideas at homeIIl万方数据东北农业大学管理学硕士学位论文and abroad，to analysis the status of FarmersCooperatives in the agricultural supply chain inHeilongjiang ProvinceThen elaborated the relevant supporting services provided by farmerscooperativesSelecting 240 farmers in Heilongjiang Province
29、as the sample points，by constructingan empirical analysis framework，using linear regression models to analysis the influence onincome-increasing of FarmersCooperatives based on the descriptive statistics of individualcharacteristics，plant situation，farmersbehaviors of participating Cooperatives and
30、logisticsservice，then give the relevant conclusionsPut forward the construction of farmer cooperatives asthe core of the agricultural products supply chain as a point of view，and analysis the reason ofselecting farmers cooperatives as a core and the significance of constructing the agriculturalprodu
31、cts supply chain model，to give a further exploration for the combination of theory andpracticeResearch shows that the status and role of FarmersCooperatives in the agricultural supplychain has become increasingly evident，farmers who participate in the cooperatives can get betterproduction technical
32、services and more economic benefits，it has significant effects on farmersincomeIn addition，FarmersCooperatives into agricultural products supply chain can ensurefarmers participate in the distribution of benefits in the industrial chain and share the benefits ofspecialization of production value，hel
33、ping to change the traditional mode of agriculturaldevelopment，improve the quality farmerslife and achieve higher levels of incomeBased on theabove findings，this paper presents to innovate the development of agricultural supply chain，toimprove the cooperative system by promoting the internal mechani
34、sm of cooperatives，extendingthe industrial chain，strengthening the training of farmersprofessional accomplishment toconstruct the new operation mode of agricuhural products supply chain based on the FarmersCooperativesIt will be an important way of helping farmers to increase their incomeKey words：
35、FarmersCooperatives；Agricultural products supply chain；FarmersincomeCandidate： Jiang TianruiSpeciality： Agricultural Economics and ManagementSupervisor：ProfGuo XiangyuIV万方数据引 言1引言11研究背景、目的及意义111研究背景随着我国农产品流通市场的迅猛发展，不同运作模式下的农产品流通方式应运而生，有效的推进农业产业化的进一步发展。农产品供应链贯穿于农产品的整个生产经营过程，其重要性日益彰显。有效的农产品供应链管理，有助于缩短
36、农产品从生产到消费的周期、最大程度的协调、重新组合链上资源、带动农产品产业链发展，对提升我国农产品综合水平、竞争能力以及推进自由的市场机制建设等有着至关重要的意义。由于单个农户生产具有分散性、掌握市场供求信息的能力较弱，导致在生产上很难形成规模经济效益，在流通上更是受到运输、包装、高成本进入市场销售等因素的制约。农民合作社作为农产品供应链中的重要组织成员，有效弥补了分散农户经营规模小、抵抗风险能力差、获取市场信息不畅、市场地位低，谈判处于劣势及成本价格可控性小的先天弱质性，在降低运作成本、交易成本、提高农户谈判地位、规范供应链、提高供应链效率等方面起到了重要作用。截至2016年底，全国农民专业
37、合作社总数达1794万户，入社农户9997万户，出资总额达373万亿元。这足以说明农民专业合作社已经成为建设现代化大农业、提高农民经济效益、拓宽农村社会组织管理的重要载体。近些年来，国家出台了一系列政策措施来支持与鼓励农民专业合作社的壮大和发展。相关部门也通过投入专项资金来完善基础设施建设、设立典型示范社吸引人才、利用宣传和教育来提高农民专业素养，并通过鼓励农民成立合作社来促进农民合作社的壮大和发展。近5年来，我国中央一号文件多次提出要大力发展合作经济组织，力图构建多种类型、多种服务功能的合作经济实体，来引导合作社顺利健康发展。其中，2015年的一号文件明确提出，要“开拓农产品的流通方式，进一
38、步推进合作社与购买力集中区域的对接如超市、学校、企业、社区等人群密集场所”；2016年更是提出要“支持并提倡供销合作社创办或领办农民合作社，引领农民参与农村的三产融合发展当中、共同分享产业链利润”的新理念。因此，在此背景下，将农民合作社置于农产品供应链当中进行深入研究，旨在促进农民合作社在顺利运行和健康发展的基础上更好地帮助农民实现收入倍增目标和推动现代农业加快发展。112研究目的我国农民合作社现已进入快速发展阶段，涉及到的乡镇、村屯、农户的范围不断变大。党的十七届三中全会的决定“提出帮扶农民专业合作社加速发展，使之成为引领农民参与到海内外市场竞争的现代农业生产经营组织。”该文件重点强调了农民专业合作社的作用和价值。农