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1、一、一般现在时一般现在时表示常常性、习惯性的动作, 或表示现在的特点、状态；当主语是非第三人称单数时,行为动词要发生相应的变化；一般现在时的用法及特点:1） 、表示常常或者反复发生的动作. 如: 我每天吃午饭 . I have lunch every day.2） 、仍表示现在存在的一种状态. 如：我姐姐是一位老师My sister is a teacher.3） 、客观真理, 客观存在, 科学事实； 例如： The earth moves around the sun.地球围着太阳转； 4）、一般现在时态常常与 often（常常） sometimes（有时） always（总是） usual
2、ly（通常）等频率词连用, 也常常与 every day（每天） , every week（每周） , every month（每月） , everyterm（每学期） , every year（每年） , once a week （一周一次） ,twice a year （一年两次）等表示时间的词连用；5、第三人称单数问题一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,即常在动词原形后加-s 或-es；1、当主语不是第三人称单数时,结构是：确定句 : 主语行为动词原形其他We speak Chinese.否定句 : 主语 dont行为动词原形其他We dont speak Chinese.一般疑问句：
3、 Do 主语行为动词原形其他？Do you speak Chinese. 确定回答： Yes,主语 doYes, we do.否定回答： No ,主语 don tNo, we don t.2、当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词不能用原形了,而是要相应的变化,其变化规章是： 动词原形变第三人称单数的规章与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请仔细观看；1） 、大多数动词在词尾加“ S在”清辅音后发音为 s ,在浊辅音及元音后发音为z ；如：stopstops s ; make makes sread reads z ; play plays z2） 、以辅音字母加“ y结”尾的,要先将 “ y变”为
4、 “ i,”然后在加 “ es读”iz如：fly flies z ； carry carries z studystudies z; worry worries3） 、以 “ s, x, ch, sh结尾的”,在词尾加“ es,”发音为 iz如：teach teaches iz; watch watches iz4） 、以 “ o结”尾的动词,加 “ es,”读 z 如：go goes z do does z其结构是：确定句：主语 +动词的第三人称单数 +其他He speaks English.否定句：主语 +doesnt+动词原形 +其他He doesnt speak English. 一般
5、疑问句： Does +主语 +动词原形 +其他.Does he speak English. 确定回答：Yes,主语 does.Yes, he does.否定回答： No ,主语 doesnt.No, he doesnt.练习题：workwatchcleanwriteteachwashplayreaddoflystudygodrinkcryhavesitSwimmakeruncarryleavearrivejumpcomeSpeakwearwalkbuyhelppacktaketalktellknowlookloveliveeatwantsay1. HeTV every evening. wa
6、tch2. We alwaysto school on foot. go3. Tom, with his classmates, oftenfootball after school. play4. Your shoesunder the bed. be5. here andby me. come, stand6. His uncle usuallyto work by bus. go7. I alwaysup at six in the morning.get8. Johnlike his father. look布莱克太太常常在英语上帮忙我们；Mrs. black oftenusour e
7、nglish .用词的适当形式填空；1. What timehis fatherdo the work.2. He get up at five oclock.3. youbrush your teeth every morning.4. What do he usually do after school.5. Tom study English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Kitty sometimesgo to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she watch
8、TV with her parents.8. Mike read English every day.9. How many lessonsyour classmates have on Monday. 10.We often play football in the playground.三挑选 1.you have a book.A. DoB. AreC. IsD. Have2. Theyon a farm.A. workingB. is workC. workD. is worked 3. Does Peter like to watch TV.A. Yes, he likeB. No,
9、 he doesntC. Yes, he d likeD. No, he likes 4. She doesnt her homework in the afternoon.A. doingB. to doC. doesD. do5. HowMr. Brownto America.A. do,goB. is,goC. does,goD. does,goes 6. Where s my camera. I it.A. am not findingB. am not seeingC. can t findD. can t look at7. Howhe go to work.Heto work b
10、y bike.A. does ;goB. do;goesC. do ;goD. does;goes8.you usually late for school.No,.A. Do ; I amB. Does ;notC. Are ; I m notD. Are ; I arent 9.shehome at six every day.A. Is , leaveB. Does , leaveC. Is , leavesD. Does , left 10. Mr. YangEnglish this term.A. teaches ourB. teaches usC. teachs usD. teac
11、h our填空题 1.Let himplaybasketball. 2.Everyoneknowwhat he really like.3. Tose girlsbemy sister.4. That girlcallme evety Sunday.5. Howdoshespellthe word.用括号里面的词的适当形式填空1. The deskhavefour legs.2. Shedo her homework every day.3. “This problem is easy,” say Ann.4. Helive in Shijiazhuang.5. Heneed a pair o
12、f shoes.6. Does Dannysee the apple tree.7. Shecome from America.8. The girllook out of the window and sees many birds in the sky.9. Jenny runs home andsit on the chair.10. The trainleave at 10:13 in the morning.11. That hatlook like a cat.12. Dannyhurt his nose.13. Dannyfall and breaks his tail.14.
13、Danny and her mother sometimesgo for a walk after supper.15. My motherwalk to the office every day.5 、用括号里所给词的适当形式,写出以下句子的否定句；1.The desk havefour legs.2. She do her homework every day.3. Danny fall and breaks his tail.4. He live in Shijiazhuang.5. He need a pair of shoes.6. Danny see the apple tree.
14、7. She come from America.8. My mother and father walk to the office every day.9. Danny and her mother sometimes go for a walk after supper.10. The train leave at 10:13 am.11. That hat look like a cat.12. Danny hurt his nose.二、现在进行时现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在 ”,动作目前的状态是 “正在进行中 ”；所谓 “正在进行中 ”,是指在说话时动作正在进行中；现在进行
15、时的构成是 : 主语 +be+v.ing 现在分词形式第一人称 单数 I+am+doing+Sth.第一人称 复 数We+are+doing+Sth.其次人称单复 数 You+are+doing+Sth.第三人称单数He（ She, it ） +is+doing+Sth.第三人称复数They+are+doing +Sth.确定句 :主语 +be（ is/am/are ）+现在分词否定句：主语 +be（ is/am/are）+not+ 现在分词一般疑问句 :be（ is/am/are ） +主语 +现在分词特别疑问句 ：特别疑问词 +相应 be 动词 +主语+现在分词 +Sth.变化规章1.直接
16、 + ing 例： sleep+ing sleeping2. 去掉不发音的 e+ing 例： bite-e+ing biting3. 重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母 ,双写辅音字母 +ing 例： sit sittingbeginning, getting,puttingrun - runningstop - stoppingcut - cuttingcontrol - controlling4. 特别变化： die-dying,lie-lying , tie-tying现在进行时的基本用法：A表示现在 指说话人说话时 正在发生的事情；例：We are waiting for you.B
17、. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行；例： Mr. Green is writing another novel.说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态；例：She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.C .已经确定或支配好的 将来活动, 表示将要发生的动作,一般跟时间状语,说明动作发生的时间；常见的动词有：come、go、begin、leave、start 等短暂性动词；Im leaving for a trek in Nepal next week. （ 已经支配了） were flying to Paris tomorrow. 票已经拿
18、到了） D、现在进行时可与 always constantly continually等副词连用, 表示一种感情颜色； She is always singing in her room. 她老是在她房间里唱歌 （厌恶的感情；可用来表示现在进行时的时间状语 ,常用的有： now, this week, at this moment等；或者告知你一个精确的现在时间,或者用look, listen 提示听者留意正在发生的事；例如：They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球；Listen. She is singing an English song. 听,
19、她正在唱英语歌；Look at the picture. The children are flyingkites in the park. 看这幅图那些孩子正在公园放风筝；We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型；Its 6:30 now. I am getting up.现在是 6： 30.我正在起床；I. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空：1. My parents （ watch ） TV now.2. Look. Three boys （run ） .3. What your mother （ do ） now.4. Areyour
20、 dog _ now. （ sleep ）5. you _ _（listen ） to music. Yes, I am.6. Look, Miss Chen_football.（ play ）7. Tom and his sister （ wait ） for you over there.8. Now Class 3 and Class 4_（ have ） a test.9. Listen, someone _（sing ） in the classroom.10. Where is Zhang Yan.She _（ talk） with her teacher in the teach
21、ers office.II. 挑选填空：（） 1. Whoover there now.A. singingB. are singC. is singing（） 2. It s nine ten.The students a music class.A. haveB. havingC. are having（） 3. Listen. The boy. A. cryingB. is cryingC. cries（） 4. Don t talk here. Grandparents .A. sleepB. is sleepingC. are sleeping（） 5. Is the mantea
22、or milk. A. drinksB. drinkC. drinkingIII. 按要求进行句型转换：1. Look. Lilyis dancing. （改为一般疑问句） _ 2. Kate is looking for her watch.（改为否定句）3. Mrs White is watching TV.（对划线部分提问）Mrs White 4. I am doing homework.（改为否定句）5. They are waiting for you at the library.（就划线部分提问） they IV. 依据中文提示完成句子：1. 小花不是在写作业,她在画画；Xiao
23、 Hua _ homeworkpictures.2. 今日李老师穿着一件红色的连衣裙；Miss Li a red dress today.3. 你爷爷在看报纸吗？_ your grandpa the newspaper.4. Tom 和 Jim 在做什么？_What Tom and Jim .5. 他们是在打篮球仍是在打排球？_ _ they_basketball_volleyball.6. 孩子们在干什么？他们在唱歌、跳舞； the children. They _ 7. 你喜爱跑步吗？不；and .V. 改错：you _like .No,I_.1. People like swim in
24、summer.（）_ 2. He is go to the park with his mom.（）3. Are you listen to me.（）4. I am not writing a letter.（）5. Does she still helping Li Ling.（）VI. 将以下句子译成英语：1. 在这张照片中,我的小弟弟在吃冰淇淋；2. 你在等谁？3. 现在,他们在打篮球吗？4. 我正在打扫教室；5. 那个男孩不是在弹吉它；三、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态； 过去习惯性、常常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的才能和性格；基本结构：主语 + 动词过去
25、式 + 其他；否定形式was/were+not;一般疑问句was/were+主语+其他；在行为动词前加didnt,同时仍原行为动词；一般疑问句 Did+ 主语+do+其他；1. Be 动词的一般过去时态 .在没有实义动词的句子中使用 be 动词, am/ is 的过去式为 was; are 的过去式为 were.构成：确定句：主语+was were +表语如：I was late yesterday.（昨天我迟到了；）否定句：主语+was were +not+表语如：We werentlate yesterday. 我 们昨天没迟到 疑问句： Was Were +主语+表语如：Were you
26、 ill yesterday. （你昨天病了吗？）确定回答： Yes, I was. 是的, 我病了； 否定句： No, I wasnt. 不,我没病； 特别疑问句：特别疑问词+was were +主语+表语如： When were you born. 你是什么时候诞生的？2 实义动词的一般过去时态确定句要使用动词的过去式, 否定句和疑问句要使用助动词 do 和 does 的过去式 did.确定句为：主语 +动词过去式 +宾语如： I went home at nine oclock yesterday（. 我昨天九点钟回的家；）否定句：主语 +didnt +动词原形 +宾语如： I didn
27、t go homeyesterday. 我昨天没回家； 疑问句： Did + 主语+动词原形 +宾语 如： Did you go home yesterday. 你昨天回家了吗？ 确定回答： Yes, I did. 是的,我回了； 否定回答： No, I didnt. 不,我没回家； 3 助动词和情 态动 词过 去 式如 下： shall should（ 将要 ） 用 于 第一 人称 单数 will would（将要）用于全部人称 cancould（能,会） may might （可以） mustmust （必需） have to had to（不得不） 助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的
28、过去式, 后面的动词仍使用原形； 如： I hadto do my homework yesterday. 昨 天我不得不做作业； 时间状语 :Ago（two hours ag（o 一段时间 +ago）, yesterday句子开头或结尾） , the daybefore yesterday, last week,lastyear,ignht, month 具, 体时间（如 Jan.fourth, just now, at the age of , one day, long ago, once upon a time 很久以前 , and so on,this morning.long lo
29、ng ago.动词变化规章规章变化：1.直接加 ed：work worked look looked play played,2.以 e 结尾的单词,直接加 d： live lived hope hoped use used, 3 以辅音字母+y 结尾的,变 y 为 i 加 ed：study studied carry carried worry worried,4以元音字母 +y 结尾的,直接加 ed：enjoy enjoyed5 以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最终的辅音字母 +ed： stop stopped plan planned口诀一般过去时并不难,表示过去动作、状态记心间；动词要用过去式
30、,时间状语句末站；否定句很简洁, didnt站在动词原形前,其它部分不要变；一般疑问句也好变, did 放在句子前,主语、动原、其它部分依次站；特别疑问句也简洁,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间；最终一条请留意,动词过去式要牢记；练习题：一、句型转换1. The children had a good time in the park.否定句： 一般疑问句： 对划线部分提问： 2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert.否定句： 一般疑问句： 对划线部分提问： 3. Ann did her homework yesterday even
31、ing.否定句： 一般疑问句： 对划线部分提问： 4. Last week I read an English book.否定句： 一般疑问句： 确定 / 否定回答： 对划线部分提问： 5. My brother was in the park just now.否定句： 一般疑问句： 对划线部分提问： 二、写出以下动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式形式go enjoy buy eat get walk take dance write run swim find begin eat play study 三、用所给词的适当形式填空；1. Tom and Marycome to China las
32、t month.2. Mikenot go to bed until 12 oclock last night. So heget up late.3. Maryread English yesterday morning.4. Tombegin to learn Chinese last year.5. My mothernot do housework yesterday.6. Therea telephone call for you just now. be7. -Whenyoucome to china.-Last year.8. be it cold in your city ye
33、sterday.9. How many peoplebe there in your class last term.10. Therebea footballmatch on TV yesterdayevening,but I have no time to watch it.四、改错题 请改正每个句子中的一个错误1. How is Jane yesterday. 2. He go to school by bus last week. 3. He goes home at 6:00 last month. 4. I can fly kites seven years ago. 5. Did
34、 you saw him just now. 6. Tom wasnt watch TV last night. 7. I did not my homework yesterday. 8. He wait for you three hours ago. 9. Who find it just now. II.翻译以下句子1. 我过了一个劳碌但却刺激的周末； but exciting weekend.2. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了；Whatthey Saturday.They homework and .3. 今日早上方方得做饭,由于昨晚他父亲不在家；This morning
35、Fangfang because his father yesterday.4. 他在打扫教室的时候,发觉地上有块表；When hethe classroom, hea watch on the ground.5. 他什么时候诞生的？ 1980年；-Whenhe 1980.四现在完成时；现在完成时（ Presentperfect）过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果,过去某一时间开头并始终连续到现在并且有可能仍会连续的动作或状态；2. 用法 :（ 1 ）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在留下了某种影响和结果；常被 just 、already 、 yet等副词修饰；如：-Ha
36、ve you had lunch yet.-Yes,I have. Ive just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过；（现在我不饿了）（2 ）表示从过去某一时刻开头始终连续到现在的动作或状态；这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍旧在进行；常带有for 和 since 等表示一段时间的状语；如： He has taught here since 1981.他自 1981 年就在这儿教书； （可能仍要连续教）I havet seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了；3. 结构 1 ）陈述句结构：主语 have has （ not ） +过去分词其它；have not
37、=haventhas not=hasnt. 2） 一般疑问句结构：Have Has 主语过去分词其它？3） 特别疑问句：特别疑问词havehas + 主语+ 过去分词其它？eg. He has already finished his homework.He hasn t finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet.-Yes, he has./ No, he hasnt./ No, not yet.（ 3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种体会,一般译为汉语“过”,常带有 twice, ever, neve
38、r, three times等时间状语；如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次；4. 现在完成时的时间状语（1） ）现在完成时属于现在时范畴,故不能和过去的时间状语连用；如：yesterday,lastSunday,in1990,three years ago等；但是,在强调动作产生的后果和影响时,可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用；（2） ） a.用副词 already和 yet ；already 一般用于确定句中, yet 一般用于否定句和疑问句中；如： We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了；T
39、hey havent finished their homework yet.他们仍没有完成作业；b. 用 ever和 never ；多用于否定或疑问句中,表示 “曾经 ”或 “从未 “等；如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall.你曾经去过长城吗？-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城；c. 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,如just, before, up to now, the past few years等；例如： I have seen her before, but I can not reme
40、mber where.我以前见过她,但记不起在哪里见过；He has been there three times the last few days.近几年他去过那里三次了；d. 用包括 “现在 ”在内的时间状语,如：now, today, this morning month ,year, term等；例如： -Have you met him today.-No,I havent.今日你见过他吗？我没有；How many times have you been there this？今年你去过那里吗？（2 ）现在完成时可以和带有since 或 for 等表示 “一段时间 ”的状语连用 ,
41、表示动作或状态从 某一时刻开头,始终连续到现在；如：I havent seen him for two years.但是,像 come,arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间 ”的状语连用；要用,必需改为“be （在） ”等连续性动词来表述；现归纳总结一下由非连续性动词到连续性动词的转换：arrive be herebeginstart be ondie be deadcome back be backleave be awayfall illsick,asleep be illsick,asleepget up be upgo out be outfinish be overput onwear或 be onopen be openjoin be in 或 be a member ofclose be closedgo to school be a studentborrow keepbuy havecatcha cold havea coldget to know know begin to study studycome to work work 等如： He has been a soldier for three years. 他参军三年了；His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了；The