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1、学习资料Unit 4 Earthquakes重点词汇及短语1.burst into +n =burst out doing突然 起来, burst into tears =burst out crying 2.as is known to everybody总所周知3.be injured 受伤4.cut across穿过 横穿5.as usual像平常一样6.give out 散发出 精疲力竭7.instead of代替8.give a speech演讲9.put up shelters搭建避难10.be pleased to do sth乐. 意做某事11.be proud of以 而骄傲
2、12.the number of 的数量13.in the open air在户外14.right away 立刻15.in ruins 破败不堪 成废墟16.dig out 掘出17.at an end终结 18.a number of很多 大量的19.tooto 太而不能20.tens of thousands of成千上万的21.be trapped in =be caught in被困在中22. all not = not all 并非全部 都23. to the north of =north of 在的北面 24.be rescued from 被从 解救出25.be buried
3、被掩埋 被埋藏 26.bury oneself in =be buried in用心于 埋头于27.think little of 评判不高think highly of 称赞 赐予较高评28.as if 似乎 20. be/ get shocked震惊 21.at an end终结1) right away 立刻,立刻 = immediately / at once / right now / in no time 你必需立刻交作业； You must hand in your homework right away.2) well n. 井adv. 好；充分地 e.g. think wel
4、l 充分摸索Learn it well. 好好地学； adj. 健康的You dontlook well. 你看上去气色不太好； int. 好啦；好吧vi./vt. 涌出；涌上Tears welled up in her eyes.泪水涌上她的双眼；3) million n. 百万详细数字 + million 单 + n.百万 确数millions of + n.大量,很多,好几百万 概数用法同 billion, hundred, thousand等3 百万美元 3 million dollars好几百万美元 millions of dollars4) burst vi./vt. burst,
5、 burst （使）爆裂； 使）破裂；（使）爆发 e.g. The balloon burst. 汽球爆破了；He burst with anger.他勃然大怒；精品文档The boy burst the balloon.那男孩把气球弄破了burst into sth./ burst out doing sth.突然.起来e.g. She burst into tears/ laughter.= She burst out crying/ laughing. 她突然哭 /笑起来； c.n. 突然破裂；爆发a burst of . 一阵.e.g. a burst of laughter/ange
6、r一阵笑声 /大怒5) as if 似乎；似乎 = as though 引导表语、状语从句 1 + 陈述语气 从句可能性大 It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来似乎要下雨了；2 + 虚拟语气 从句内容非真实的 She treats me as if I were her sister她.像我是她姐妹一样；He turned around as if hehadnsteen me. 他转过身,似乎没观察我；6) at an end终止；终结 = finished over e.g. The war was at an end.战争终止了； 相关短语：in
7、the end最终；最终at the endof 在的终点by the end of 到, 底（末）为止待我就come to an end终止 （物作主语 , 不及物） put an end to sth.终止 （人作主语, 及物）e.g. The meeting came to an end会. 议终止了；The chairman put an end to the meeting主. 席终止了会议；7) ruin c.n. 废墟; 遗迹 常用复数 e.g. the ruins of Yuanmingyuan 圆明园遗迹 u.n.毁坏；破坏；破产 e.g. The company is fa
8、cing ruin.那公司面临破产；vt. 毁灭；使破产e.g. The fire ruined the house.火把房子烧毁了；The bad news ruined his hope.这个坏消息毁灭了他的期望；in ruins 严峻受损；破败不堪；成为废墟；落空e.g. The earthquake left the city of Tangshan in ruins.地震使得唐山这座城市成了一片废墟；His career/plan is in ruins.他的事业尽毁； / 他的方案落空；8) shock vt. 使 震惊；震惊u.n. 休克 c.n. 冲击；震惊；震惊常用结构： b
9、e shocked at/by sth. 对惊讶be shocked to do sth. 因做某事而惊讶 shocking adj. 骇人听闻的,令人震惊的e.g. 他们对这个骇人听闻的消息感到非常震惊；They were shocked at/ by the shocking news或.They were shocked to hear the shocking news. 她的死对我是个很大的震惊；Her death was a great shock to me. 9）rescuec.n./u.n. 援救；营救e.g. a rescue team一支营救队短语： come/ go t
10、osbrsescue来/去救援/帮忙某人 The fire fighters came to their rescue.消防人员来营救他们；vt. rescued, rescuing援救；营救常用结构 rescue sb./ sth.from （从中）搭救 /营救出某人The fire fighters rescued them from the fire.消防人员把他们从大火中救了出来；10）trapn. 陷阱,圈套,阴谋；困境vt. 使陷入困境 ; 设陷阱,诱骗 （-pp-） be trapped in/by 被困住,陷入 e.g. They were trapped in the bur
11、ning hotel.他们被困在失火的酒店里；trap sb. into doing sth. 使某人陷入圈套,用计使某人做某事11）dig out dig-dug-dug; digging 找出,挖出,掘出,发觉dig out the truth 找出真相dig sth./ sb. out of （从中）掘出；挖出他不得不从雪里把车挖出来； He had to dig his car out of the snow. 12）buryvt. 1 掩埋；掩埋；隐匿e.g. His body was buried under a tree.他的尸体被埋在一棵树下；2 用心致志于某事bury one
12、self in sth. sb. be buried in sth.埋头于；用心于 e.g. He buried himself in his studies.= He was buried in his studies.他埋首于学习；13） frightenvt. 恐吓,是惊讶,使可怕e.g. The dog frightened the child. 狗吓坏了小孩； frighten . away 把.吓跑e.g. The barking of the dog frightened the thief away.狗吠声把小偷吓跑了；了frighten sb. into doing sth.
13、 / frighten sb. out of doing sth. 恐吓某人 不做某事frightc.n. / u.n. 惊骇,惊讶frighteningadj. 令人惧怕的,惊恐的,可怕的 frightenedadj. 感到可怕的,受惊吓的14） congratulationn. 庆贺,贺词 （常用 pl.）“就某事庆贺某人 ”offer / send oness to sb. on/upon sth.或 offer / send sb.oness on/upon sth.e.g. 我们庆贺他的胜利； We offered our s to him on his success. congr
14、atulate vt.庆贺,庆贺 sb. on/upon sth. 就.向某人庆贺 oneself on/upon sth. 庆幸自己 .e.g. 他庆幸自己考试及格；He d himself on passing the exam.15) judge c.n.裁判员；法官；审判员；鉴赏家vt. & vi. 判定；判决；审理；评判Never judge from/by appearances别. 以貌取人； 常用结构： judge + n.e.g. You canjtudge a book by/from its cover. 你不能凭封面来评判一本书；judge + sb. to bee.g
15、. I judged him to be about 50.我判定他大约 50 岁；judge + sb./sth. + adj./n.e.g. I judged him the oldest.我判定他年纪最大；judge + clausee.g. I canjtudge which answer is better.我无法判定哪个答案更好些； judging by/ from 从 看,依据 判定 （作状语）e.g. Judging from his response, he was satisfied with the performance.从他的反应看来,他对这场演出是中意的；Judgi
16、ng by his accent, he must be from the U.S.A. 从他腔调判定,他肯定来自美国；judgement c.n.判定；判决 u.n. 判定力；识别力16) express vt.表示；表达expressoneospinion/ idea/ attitude/ meaning/ 表达某人的看法 /想法/态度/意思等 express oneself表达自己的意思 Try to express yourself clearly. 尽力把你的意思表达清晰吧； n. 快车；速递expression n.表达；表情；表达法重点句子分析1) But the one mil
17、lion people of the city, who thought little of these events, were aslee p as usual that night. Readingthink little/poorly/badly/ill of sb./sth.对某人/物评判不高、不好、不看重 think a lot/ highly/well of sb./sth.对某人/物评判很高、很好、很看重e.g. 他不看重钱； He thinks little of money.读者们对她的书评判很高；The readers think highly of her book.被
18、动： Her book is highly thought of by the readers.2) Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake三.震中死去或受伤； Reading分之二的人在地分数的表达法,分子用基数词 one, two, , 分母用序数词 first, second, , 当分子大于 1 时,分母的序数词要用复数形式,如 , 1/5 为 one-fifth, 4/5 为 four- fifths ；“当分数 /百分数 of 名词/代词”作主语时,谓语的单复数由 of 后的名词 /代词打算；e.g
19、. About three-fifths of the earth susrface iscovered with water. be Ten percent of the students are from China. be3) A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty mitres wide cut across house s, roads and canals. Readingcut across 1走捷径,穿过去假如穿过这片地,我们可节约时间；We can save time if we cut across th
20、is field. 2和. 相反, 违反他的讲话和他以前说的相反； His speech cut across what he had said before. 4In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. Readinglie 1说谎 lied, lied2位于,在于 3躺着 4处于某种状态lay, lainlie “出于某种状态”+ adj. / 介词短语e.g. 战争过后,这村庄成了一片废墟； The village lay in ruins after the war.书打开在桌子上； The book lay open
21、 on the table.5) Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed他.一切都被摧残了；everywhere们所看到的地方几乎(1) adv. 处处,处处 You can see flowers everywhere.你处处可看到鲜花； 2 conj. 无论哪里 = wherever无论你走到哪里,都能看到鲜花； You can see flowers everywhere you go.3 n到.处 Everywhere seems to be quiet.处,处6) All hope was not lost.不是全
22、部的期望都破灭了；处处似乎很寂静；all, both, each, every等词与否定词 not 连用,构成部分否定,表示 “不都, 不全是”的意思； no, none, never等词用于全部否定； e.g. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的不都是金子；All the students didn ptass the exam. =Not all the students passed the exam.不是全部同学都通过考试； 有的同学通过了考试,有的没有通过； None of the students passed the exam没. 有一个同学通过
23、考试；16、大量的修饰不行数名次 a great / good deal / a large amount of / much修饰可数名次 many / a number of / a greatgood many即可修饰可数名次也可修饰不行数名次 plenty of / a lot of / lots of / a large quantity of / quantities of / a mass of / masses o f 即时活用：1、I spentof my time in this work.A. a plentyB. a good manyC. a good dealD. g
24、reat deal答案： C 2、How many books does he have.- He possessesthem.A. plenty ofB. very muchC. a great dealD. an amount of答案： D protect vt. 爱护用法归纳： （1） protect sth.To protect the environment, we should drive less为.车；（2） ） protect sth. / sb. from + n.了爱护环境,我们应当少开You should wear a pair of dark glasses to
25、protect your eyes from the snow.下雪天你应当戴副墨镜爱护你的眼睛；（3） ） protect sb. / sth. from doingGe You speaks carefully in public to protect himself from being hurt. 葛优在公共场合说话很当心,爱护自己不被损害；（4） ） protect A against BThe tree belts can protect this area against shifting sand护. 林带能爱护这个地区不受流沙的侵害；即时活用：1、He raised both
26、 his arms to protect his facethe ball.A. fromB. forC. withD. to答案： A2. At the meeting, we reached a conclusion that we should do what we couldt he Yellow River from being further polluted.A. to protectB. protectingC. protectD. protected 答案： A3. You dbetter wear your sunglasses to protect your eyes t
27、he sun. A. fromB. withC. inD. under答案： A4. As you know, it is my duty tomy younger sisters from being hurt when t hey are in danger.A. preventB. saveC. stopD. protec答t1. Peter was killed in the earthquake. I talked with him last week. A. What a pity.案： DB. I beg your pardon. C. Sorry to hear that. D
28、. Is that so. 2W. tingwe are invited.A. ifB. andC. unlessD. oncee llnot attend the mee3. They didn atttend the conference.They a long trip abroad.A. preparedB. were preparing forC. were preparingD. are preparing for4. Wash your hands with soapthe experiment.A. in the end ofB. at the end of C. to the
29、 end ofD. by the end of5. His strength had almostwhen they found him in the desert.A. given outB. given inC. given upD. given off6. Many people came to the meeting,of whom left early.A. numberB. the numbersC. the numberD. a number7. I sllpend my holiday in Shanghai,lies on the coast.A. whoB. which C
30、. whereD. that8. Onthe bad news, she cried with her facein his hands.A. hear; buryB. hear; buriedC. heard; buryingD. hearing; buried9. Not far from the club, there was a garden,owner was seated in it playing car ds with his children every afternoon.A. itsB. whoseC. whichD. of which10. It qsuite to s
31、core a goal in FIFA World Cup.A. a prizeB. a price C. an honourD. a value11. I met the teacher in the street yesterdaytaught me English three years agoA. whichB. whenC. whereD. who12. The people there were greatlyto see every-thing changed over a night.A. pleasedB. shocked C. interestedD. moved13. T
32、ell us about the people and the placesare different from ours.A. thatB. whoC. whichD. whom14. is no wonder the building is.A. It; in ruinsB. That; in ruins C. This; in ruinD It; in ruin15. Do you mind if I open the window. , but I vceaught a bad cold today.A. No, not at allB. Yes, of course notC. Ye
33、s, pleaseDI. msorryPablo Ruiz Picasso was the favourite child of his family. He was the only boy among a great many girl cousins. That was enough to make him important, but the father loved him especially, because he knew his son was going to be an artist. Pablo knew the w ord for pencil even before
34、 he could see Mamma and Papa. When he was small, he spe nt hours by himself making delightful little drawings of animals and people. If his mot her sent him out to play in the square, he went on drawing in the dust under the trees.Don Jose Ruiz,Pablo fsather, was director of the museum in southern S
35、pain. He ea rned only a small salary, but there was not much work to do and he was able to practic e his hobby, which was painting pigeons. Don loved pigeons very much. He painted t hem dead or alive in ones and twos and in dozens. Sometimes he painted them on paper, cut them out and stuck them onto
36、 canvas画布 ; sometimes he stuck real feathers onto his pictures. He knew a great deal about th e technique of painting and he taught it all to Pablo.Life in Malaga was very pleasant. In the hot sunshine father and son would walk down to the beach to look at the boats on the shore or wander around the
37、 open markets. Th ey made a strange pair. Don was tall and thin, with red hair and beard, sad gray eyes a nd a fine set of whiskers 腮须. He was so shy and correct that he was nickname“d theEnglishman ”P.ablo was quite the opposite. He had hismother ssmall, strong build 体格; he had straight black hair,
38、 and bright black eyes that noticed everything that was going on around him.36. Picasso fasther loved him especially, because.A. he was the only boy in the familyB. he was going to be an important person to his familyC. he showed the gift of an artist in his early childhoodD. h e looked like his mot
39、her37. Pablo fsather painted a lot because.A. he didn htave enough moneyB. he had plenty of timeC. he liked the pigeons, especially the dead ones D. he looked after the museum38. Don Jose Ruiz and Pablo were a strange pair because.A. they liked to wander about the town B. they noticed everything tha
40、t was going on around themC. one was tall and thin, the other was small and strong D. they looked so different fr om each other39. The best title of the passage might be.A. Pablo Picasso: the great artist B. The Boyhood of Pablo Picasso C. Father of A Gr eat ArtistD. Father Insfluence 影响 on His Son1-5CCBBA6-10DBDBC11-15DBAAA 1-5CCBBA6-10DBDBC11-15DBAAA