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1、精品训练八年级下册英语重要学问点归纳M1重要语法： 感官性系统词： feel摸起来 、look看起来 、smell闻起来 、 taste尝起来 sound听起来 ,后接形容词作表语, 不能接副词； 构成疑问句或否定句要借助助动词；The silk dress feels soft.The flowers look very beautiful.Does it smell nice.The songdoesn t sounbde noisy.2. What a delicious smell多.么香啊！对名词或名词短语感叹用what感叹句结构： What+ a/an+ 形容词+ 单数可数名词 +
2、 （主语+ 谓语）！ What an interesting book it is.What+形容词+ 不行数名词 / 复数名词 + （主语+ 谓语）！ What bad weather it is today.What good students they are.对形容词、 副词或动词感叹用how How + 形容词/ 副词+ 主语+ 谓语！ How fast he is running.How delicious it smells.How I miss the days we spent togethe我r.多么怀念我们一起度过的日子！3.I m afraid+:句恐子怕I m afr
3、aidhe has no time today.4. be done 做好了 Is your homework done你. 的作业做好了吗？Dinner is done晚.饭做好了！- 可编辑 -5. have a try试一试；尝一尝6.have a sweet tooth喜好甜食7. thanks for=thank you for+名词/ 动词-ing；因而感谢你；Thanks for your help.=Thanks for helping me .Thank you for inviting me to your party.8. hear from =get /receleiv
4、tteerafrom收到的来信9. can t wait to do sth.迫不及待去I 做ca某n 事 t wait to see you.10. 人+ spend+时间（ in）doing sth.；=It takes +人+ 时间+to do sth. 某人花费多少时间做某事He spent two days in reading the novel.=It took him two days to read the novel. 11.too 也（置于句末,前加逗号）also也置于居中 be 或情态动词之后 as well也（置于句末,前不加逗号）12. be proud of以为M
5、豪y parents are proud of me.13. How do you feel about+名词 / 动词-ing？ =What do you think of+ 名词/ 动词-ing？你觉得怎么样？How do you feel about the film.=What do you think of the film.How do you feel about coming to China.=What do you think of coming to China.14. be afraid of+名词/ 动词-ing：可怕.I am afaid of dog/going
6、out at night. be afraid of doing sth.=be afraid to do sth. 可怕做某事She is afraid of sleeping alone at night.= She is afraid to sleep alone at night.15. What does sb. look like某.人长得怎么样（问外表） 答： short/tall/young/prettyWhat is sb like某. 人性格怎么样？（问性格或品质）答： quiet/nice/strict/kind.-What does your English teach
7、er look like. -He is tall with pair of glasses.-What is your English teacher like. -He is strict but friendly.M2重要语法：现在完成时（一）：描述过去已经、曾经或仍没有做过某事的经受或体验,对现在造成的影响；结构： have/has +动词过去分词 否定 haven t/hasn t + 动词过去分词含义：已经 / 曾经做过仍没有做过标志词： already、ever、never、yet、just 等；I have seen the movie我. 已经看过这部电影；（我现在明白该电影
8、了； ）He has already finished his homewor他k.已经完成了作业；（他可以交作业了） We haven t had dinner ye我t. 们仍没有吃晚饭； （我们现在饿）Have you ever entered a speaking competitio你n曾. 经参与过演讲竞赛吗？ （变一般疑问句把 have/has 提到句首）Yes, I have./No, I haven t.2. enter a competition=take part in a competitio参n 加竞赛3. help sb.to do sth帮. 助某人做某事He o
9、ften helps me learn English.4. affordsth.买得起某物I can t afford the new bike.afford to do sth. 付得起钱去做某事=have enough money to buy sth.She can t afford to go to school.她没钱去上学；5. stop to do sth.=stop and then do sth停. 下来去做某事stop doing sth停. 止做某事I m tired. Let s stop to have a rest.我累了；让我们停下来休息一下吧！It s tim
10、e for class now. Let s stop talking.上课时间到了！让我们不要讲话了6. make up编写make up a story编故事make it/them up 代词要放中间 7. invite sb. to do sth邀. 请某人做某事8. fifteen-year-old十五岁的（复合形容词中的名词不能加s ,作定语） fifteen years old十五岁（短语,不能作定语,常作表语）He is fifteen years old.=He is a fifteen-year-old boy.9. at the moment =now此刻（常用于现在进行
11、时中）10. have/hasbeen to+某地：曾经去过某地（人已经回来,常与次数连用） have/hasgone to +某地：到某地去了（人未回, 不能与次数连用 ） have/hasbeen in +某地：在某地呆 / 逗留（常与 for + 时间段连用） I have been to Hong Kongtwice.He isn t here now. He has gone to the USA. We have been in China for 20 years.11. be different from与 . 不同12. find it +形容词+ to do sth. 发觉
12、做某事是. 的it（是形式宾语,无义,替代后面不定式） Ifind it easy to learn maths.我发觉学数学很简单；Tony finds it hard to speak Chinese托. 尼发觉说汉语很难；13. so far到目前为止（常用于现在完成时） So far I have learnt ,3 000 English words.14. all over the world=around the world全世界15.count down 倒数M31. already已经（常用于现在完成时确定句句中或句末）I have already known him yet
13、尚,仍（常用于现在完成时否定句或疑问句句末）Has it arrived ye？tjust 刚刚（常用于现在完成时确定句句中） They have just arrived.2. What are your up to.=What are you doin你g.在忙什么？3.I m not surheow to make it.= I m not suhreow I can make it.4. That s why . 那就是的缘由了；5. in order to+动词原形：为了He works so hard in order toget the best score. so that+句
14、子=in order that+句子：为了He works so hard so that in order that he can get the best score.6. there is 现在完成时形式 there has been已经有 / 存在there are 现在完成时形式 there have been已经有 / 存在There have been many buildings in our village since 15 years ago.7. go around环绕转8. none of +名词复数 / 宾格+ 动词（单 / 复形）：没有一个（既指人也指物）no on
15、e +动词（单）=nobody（仅指人, 不与 of 连用,常用于 who 提出的问题）None of the students knows the anwer没. 有一个同学知道答案；-How many people are there in the room. None.一个也没有（强调数量）No one knows the answer. Who s in the classroom-.No one.没有人（强调有没有人）9. be called被称为10.a small part of . 的一小部分municate with与联系 12.finish doing sth完. 成做某事
16、13.write back回信M4重要语法：1. 现在完成时（二）：描述一个动作或状态从过去连续到现在乃至将来有多长时间；常与 “ for+时间段/since+ 时间点”、so far、recently（最近）、in the last 10 years（最近十年）等表示连续的时间连用,也用于how long 问句中；I have learnt English for 6 years.He has lived here since he was born. China has changed a lot in the last 30 years.How long have you learnt
17、English.特殊留意： 在现在完成时（二）中,与 “ for+时间段/since+ 时间点”或 how long问句中,动词必需为可 连续性动词（ learn, stay, live,不能为短）暂性动词 buy,borrow, die , 如为短暂性动词就要转换成连续性动词或短语如；：buy have borrow-keep/have leave-be away die-be dead come/go/reach be in join the party-be in the party错误： I have bought the bike for 3 days.buy为短暂性动词,不能与 f
18、or + 时间段连用正确： I have had/kept the bike for 3 days将.buy 改为连续性动词 have2. （问） - How long .多久 .（答） -For +时间段/since+ 时间点； How long have you been like this.你这样多久了？I have been ill for about three day我s.生病大约三天了；3. catch a cold感冒have a fever发烧take one s tempera测tur量e 某人的体温do exercise锤炼fast food 快餐not usually
19、不常常three times a day一天三次4. be harmful to对 P.l.ay有in害g computer games is harmful to your eyes.5. by doing通过做dec. iden（ot） to do sth. 决心（不）做某事in excellent/bad condition 身体状况良好 / 差ride to work=go to work by bike 骑车上班arrive at/in=get to = reach 到达with a smile on one面带s f笑ac脸ego for a run 去跑步feel awful 感
20、到不适all over 浑身；遍及6. too to 太而不能The boy is too young to go to school.7. choose sb. to do sth选. 择某人去干某事on the way在路上M51. It s time to 动词 do sth.=It s timsethf.该or做某事（的名时词候）了； It s time to have class.=It s timcelafsosr .play games.=games.eat dinner.=dinner2. fight （fought foutht） sb.打某人 fight with sb.与
21、某人打架 fight for为而战3. fly through 飞越climb up 爬上4. I want to be someone like him我. 想成为想他那样的人；5. keep doing something不断做某事keep sb. doing sth让. 某人始终做某事keep sb from doing sth. =stop sb. from doing sth. 阻挡某人做某事Keep trying, and you ll succeed（. 不成断功尝）试,你就会胜利！6. can t help doinsgth. 情不自禁做某事 Shecouldn t help
22、cryinwghen she heard the news. I can t help missinygou when I see the photos.The little boy can t help dancinwg ith the rock music.7. over=more than超过8. win the heart of sb赢. 得某人的心The boy won the heart of the beautiful girl.9. make a terrible mess弄得一团糟10. expect to do sth.期望做某事 I expect to see you s
23、oon. 11.ever since +句子一般过去时 常用于现在完成时）We have known each other ever since we were young.12. in the 1980s在二十世纪八十岁月in 1980在 1980年（没有 the 和 s）13. find real life hard to understand=find it hard to understand real hard发觉现实生活难以懂得find + 宾格+ 形容词 + to doin=dfit + 形容词 +to do+ 宾格：发觉做是的14. as well as=with/and al
24、so和；以及；也；像一样好He can speak English as well as Fren他ch会. 说英语,也会说法语；Tony as well as his parents lives in China no托w尼. 和他的父母现在住在国；（动词要依据就远原就,与 as well as前的主语人称和数一样） I can speak English as well as hi我m.的英语说得想他一样好；15. come to life 复活/ 复原愤怒16. be popular with sb收. 到某人的欢迎17. 几种时态区分 :时态概念谓语动词形式时间标志词一般现在时：常常发
25、生或习惯性地动作动词原形 / 三单oftenusuallysometimes every day/week一般过去式：过去发生的动作或状态动词过去式yesterday agojust now ,last week/year现在完成时：已经或曾经干过某事,对现在的影响have/has+过去分词already yetjustnever . 过去发生的动作连续到现在或将来有多久；for+ 时间段、 since+时间点,so far, rencentlyM61. take up占据（空间 / 时间）The desk took up too much room.Playing computer game
26、s has taken up most of his time. 从事 He took up art at school.他在学校教美术；2. find somewhere to sit down找地方坐下3. a bit of +不行数名词 = a little of a bit of food/orange juicea bit of a mess有点乱a bit +形容词/ 副词= a littlea bit tired/hungry 区分： not a bit:一点也不not a little: 很/ 特别4. must 肯定（表估计） It must be really valuab
27、le.他肯定很值钱；5. as+形容词 / 副词原级+as: 像一样He is as tall as his brother.否定： not as as 不如 .Tom is not as tall as his brother.6. in one s在li（fe某人）一生中7. make sb./sth. +动词原形 ：使某人 / 某物做某事Don t make me al ugh.The boss made the worker work for a long time.类似： let sb./sth. +动词原形：让某人 / 某物做某事8. grow as a person长大成人9.
28、some others一些另外一些10. develop oneintesrest 培育某人的爱好11. as well as=besides除了 . 之外,仍包括.As well as Tom, his parents came to the par汤ty姆. 和他的父母都来参与了这个聚会；12. encourage sb. to do st鼓h.励某人做某事13. come out 出版；外出；14. as a resul结t 果as a result of . 由于.=because ofHe didn t work harads, a resu,lthe didn t pass the exam.15. be interested in+名词/ 动词-ing: 对感爱好I am very interested in maths.Are you interested indancing.16. sb. spend+时间+doing sth. 某人花费多少时间做某事；= It takes sb.+时间+ to do sth.He usually spends lots of time playing computer games.=It usually takes him lots of time to play computer games.