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1、Unit4Topic 2 When was it invented.一重点短语:1. be used for +ving被用做 2. come true实现3. a piece of paper一张纸three pieces of paper三张纸4. invent创造(动词)inventor创造家invention创造(名词)3. Itssaid that据说4. .the same as和相同be similar to与相像5. in danger处于危急中4. during/in onelsife某人一生6. be known as以(身份)而闻名 7. know for certain
2、准确知道8. all the time始终、总是 9. no longer=notany longer不再 no more= not any more10. as long as只要 11. make a great contribution对作出庞大奉献二重点句型:1. Because I m not allowed toplay computer games.由于我不行以玩电脑嬉戏;allow“答应、准许”的意思;常用于以下几种形式:(1) allow sb. to do sth答应某人做某事 She allowed me togo fishing.她答应我去钓鱼;(2) be allow
3、ed to do sth被答应做某事如: The studentsare allowed toplay games on the play ground after school.放学后同学们被准许在操场上做嬉戏;(3) allow +doing sth答应做某事如: We donatllow smoking. 我们不答应吸烟;2. How do you say this in English.这用英语怎么说?其意思与 What s this in Englis相h 同;3. It s made fromwood.它用木材做的;(1) be made in在地方制造,后接表示地点的名词;(2)
4、 be made of用制造的,表示原材料未经化学变化,仍可看得出原材料;(3) be made from用制造的,表示原材料经过化学变化,已看不出其原样;(4) be made by由(被)(人)制作,后接表示人的名词或代词;(5) be made into(某物)被制成5 / 5(6) be made up of由组成如: The TV set is made inJapan这.台电视机是日本生产的;These housesare made of stones这.些房子是由石头建造的;Paperis made fromwood.纸是木头造的;Was this cakemade by you
5、r mother.这蛋糕是你妈妈做的吗?Metal can be made intoall kinds of things.金属可以制成各种各样的物品;The medical teamis made up often doctors.这支医疗队由 10 位大夫组成;4. It s used fohrelping us to improve our English.它用来帮忙我们提高英语水平;(1) be used for+ving=be used to d(o 被)用来做(2) be used as(被)作为而用,强调被当作工具或手段来用;(3) be used by被使用, by 后跟人/
6、物,强调使用者;如 : Pens are used forwriting.钢笔被用来写字;Woodis used tomake paper. 木材被用来造纸;Englishis used asa foreign language in China.英语在中国被当作外语使用;Recordersare oftenused byEnglish teachers.英语老师常常使用录音机;5. Peopleare surprised atthe development of robots.人们为机器人的进展感到惊奇;句子中 be surprised at 是一个系表结构,表示“对感到惊奇”;而 be s
7、urprised by 是一个被动语态形式,表示“被所惊奇”;如: Iam surprised atyou. 我对你的举动感到惊奇;The manager was surprised bywhat he saw on the computer.那位经理被眼前显现在电脑屏幕上的东西所惊奇;6. They willno longerwant to be our servants, but our masters.它们将不再情愿做我们的人,而要做我们的主人;no longer(通常在动词前), not any longer; not any more (用于非正式文体中)都可表示“(过去曾)现在不再
8、”如: She no longerlives here.She doesnltive hereany longer 或 any more .她不在这儿住了;(过去她曾住这儿)7. This methodworked wellat nightas long asthe weather was good and the stars could be seen.在夜间只要天气晴朗,能观察星星,这种方法就能很好地发挥作用;work well有效as long as只要三重点语法:一般过去时的被动语态谓语部分的基本形式是 be 的过去式 was/were+及物动词的过去分词;如:When was it
9、made.它是什么时候制造的? It was made in 1980.它是 1980 年制造的;When was the digital camera invented.数码像机是什么时候创造的?It was invented in 1975.它是 1975 年创造的;Unit4Topic 3 What do you know about Mars.一、重点短语:1.There will be将会有 2. Shall I/we. 我/ 我们好吗?3. travel by spaceship乘宇宙飞船旅行4. live on Mars在火星上生活live in space在太空中生活5. in
10、 the future将来 6. be able to=can+do sth.能做某事7. after watching the movie看电影后 8. Im afraid not.唯恐没有;9. in order to do sth为了做某事in order that+句子为了10.I see them with my own eyes.我亲眼观察他们;11. on TV 在电视上12. take part in参与 13.trave into space漫游太空14. grow up成长、长大15. preferto 喜爱赛过 16.make our dream come true.是我
11、们的梦实现17.be based on 以为基础 18.be/get lost丢失,迷路19.be named after以命名 20.go around绕转21.at a distance of相隔 22.Search for查找,查明23.Whatsworse更为糟糕的是24.be worth doingsth值得(做)某事二 、重点句型:1. I dontthink alienscan be foundin space.我认为外星人不行能显现在太空里;(1) 当 think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后的宾语从句含有not 的否定词时, 该
12、否定应移至主句,即否定主句的谓语动词;如:I do nthtinkit will rain tomorrow.我认为明天不会下雨;假如主句的主语是其次、三人称,否定式一般不转移;如:He supposes they wo nwtin the game.他猜想他们赢不了竞赛;(2) can +be + 过去分词 ,是情态动词构成的被动语态;如:Thisca ntbe donein a short time.这不是短期内能完成的;2. Ithas beentwo days sincewe landed on Mars.自从我们登上火星以来已经两天了;it用作主语谈论时间,常与since 连用;如:
13、 It is 或 has been three yearssince we left school.自从我们离开学校以来已经三年了;3. Whatsworse , our water supplies were very low.更糟糕的是,我们的水供应是特别有限的;Whatsworse更糟糕的是;类似结构仍有:Whatsmore 更有甚者;更为重要的是;4. Itasquarter as big asthe earth.它是地球的四分之一大;倍数表示法: 倍数+as+形容词 / 副词+as如: This box isthree times as heavy asthat one.这只箱子是那
14、只箱子的三倍重;5. Mars goes around the sunat a distance ofabout 228 million kilometers.恒星在相隔大约 228000000千 M的地方围着太阳转动;at a distance of相隔如: The moon goes around the earthat a distance of380000km.月球在距地球 38 万千 M的地方绕地球旋转;三、重点语法:情态动词的被动语态 : 是由“情态动词 +be+及物动词的过去分词”构成;如: Aliens can not be seen on the earth.在地球上不行能见到外星人;Other planets may be visited soon in the future.将来其他的星球也会有人登陆;Scientific research should be done carefully.应当仔细地进行科学讨论; These trees must be watered in time.这些树应当准时浇水;