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1、新概念👉一册 1-2课文详解及英语语法课文详注 Further notes on the text 1Excuse me 对不起。这是常用于表示道歉的客套话,相当于汉语中的“劳驾”、“对不起”。当我们要引起别人的注意、要打搅别人或打断别人的话时,通常都可使用这一表达方式。在课文中,男士为了吸引女士的注意而使用了这句客套话。它也可用在下列场合:向陌生人问路,借用他人的电话,从别人身边挤过,在宴席或会议中途要离开一会儿等等。2Yes?什么事?这是一个省略形式的祈使句,完整的句子应为: Give me my coat and my umbrella, please.口语中,在语境明确
2、的情况下通常可省略动词和间接宾语,如:(Show me your) Ticket, ple请as出e.示你的票。(Show me your)Passport, ple请as出e.示您的护照。2Heres your umbrella and your 这co是at您.的伞和大衣。Heres是 Here is 的缩略形式。全句原为:Here is your umbrella and your coa缩t略形式和非缩略形式在英语的书面用语和口语中均有,但非缩略形式常用于 比较正式的场合。课文中的 Yes?应用升调朗读,意为:“什么事?”Yes?以Heres是一种习惯用法,句中采用了倒装句式,即系动词
3、提到升调表示某种不👉定或询问之意,也含有请对方说下去的意思。3Pardon?对不起,请再说一遍。当我们没听清或没理解对方的话并希望对方能重复一遍时, 就可以使用这一表达方式。较为正式的说法是:I beg your pardoIn.beg your pardonP?ardon me.它们在汉语中的意思相当于“对不起,请再说一遍”或者“对不起,请再说一遍好吗?”4. Thank you very much 非常感谢!这是一句表示感谢的用语,意为“非常感谢(你)”。请看下列类似的表达式,并注意其语气上的差异:Thank you.谢谢(你)。 Thanks! 谢谢! 5数字 110 的
4、英文写法1one 2two 3three 4four 5five 6six 7seven 8eight 9nine 10ten 语法 Grammar in use一般疑问句一般疑问句根据其结构又分为若干种。通过主谓倒装可将带有 be 的陈述句变为一般疑问句。即将 be 的适当形式移到主语之前,如:陈述句:This is your watc这h.是你的手表。疑问句:Is this your watc这h?是你的手表吗?了主语之前。又如 Here is my ticke这t句话用正常的语序时为 My ticket is h。ere3Sorry = Im so。rry这是口语中的缩略形式,通常在社交
5、场合中用于表示对他人的歉意或某种程度的遗憾。Sorry和 Excuse me 虽在汉语中都可作“对不起”讲,但sorry常用于对自己所犯过失表示道歉,而 Excuse me 则多为表示轻微歉意的客套语。4. Sir,先生。这是英语中对不相识的男子、年长者或上级的尊称。例如: 在服务行业中,服务员对男顾客的称呼通常为 sir:What can I do for you, 先si生r?,您要买什么? Thank you, si谢r.谢您,先生。sir通常用于正式信函开头的称呼中: Dear sir亲爱的先生Dear sirs 亲爱的先生们诸位先生们Sir可用于有爵士称号者的名字或姓名之前(但不用于
6、姓氏之前):Sir Winston Churchill温斯顿丘吉尔爵士Sir William Brown威廉布朗爵士5. 数字 1115 的英文写法(可参见 Lessons 15式的说明。)16 语法部分有关 be 的一般现在时形11eleven1f5ifteent1w2elvet1h3irteen 14fourteen词汇学习 Word study1. coat n. 上衣,外套: Is this your coa这t?是你的外套吗?coat and ski英rt(上衣、裙子匹配的)西式女套装2dress n.(1) 连衣裙;套裙: Is this your dres这s?是你的连衣裙吗?(
7、2) 服装;衣服: casual dres便s 服; evening dress 晚礼服新概念👉一册 3-4课文详解及英语语法课文详注 Further notes on the text1. My coat and my umbrella plea请se把. 我的大衣和伞拿给我。1语法 Grammar in use 否定句否定陈述句与👉定陈述句相反,它表示“否定”,并且含有一个如not 之类的否定词。一个内含be 的否定形式的陈述句, 应在其后加 not,以构成否定句:👉定句:This is my umbrell这a.是我的伞。否定句:This
8、is not my umbrel这la不. 是我的伞。请再看课文中的这两句话:针对一般疑问句的否定的简略答语是 No ,its notit is。nt此处省略和非省略形式的关系为:is not =is;nit is = 。it全s句 应为:No, it is not my umbre不ll,a.它不是我的伞。词汇学习 Word study 1suit n.(一套)衣服:Is this your su这it是?你的衣服吗?a mans su一it套男装; a womans sui一t 套女装以疑问词 who ,what,when ,which,why ,where,whose, how 等引导的
9、问句都叫特殊疑问句,也叫疑问词疑问句,有时还被称为 wh-问句(wh-questio)n 。结构一般为:疑问词+助动词+主语+主动词等。作为疑问词的 what 可以用来询问名字、国2. pleas:einterjection籍、工作、颜色、型号等。例如以下几个问句:(表示有礼貌地请求对方)请;烦劳:What make is this c这ar辆?小汽车是什么牌子的?My coatand my umbrellaplease.请把我的大衣和伞拿给我。Please come in请. 进。What nationality are y你ou是? 哪国人? What is your job你?的工作是干
10、什么? What colour is i它t?是什么颜色的?新概念👉一册 5-6课文详解及练习答案What size is this s这ki条rt裙?2a 和 an子是多大号的?新概念👉一册 5-6课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text 1Good morning上好。英语中常见的问候用句。对此问候的 应一般也是 Good morning。根据一天中见面时间的不同还可以说 Good afternoon(下午好)和 Good evening(晚上好)。有时英美人见面时只简单地说一声Hello。2. This is Miss
11、 Sophie Dupon这t位是索菲娅杜邦小姐。 Thisis+姓名是将某人介绍给他人时常用的句式。课文中的例子还有:Sophie, this is Ha索ns菲.娅,这位是汉斯。 And this is Naok这o.位是直子。3. Mr BlakeMiss Sophie Dupon,t布莱克先生索菲娅杜邦 小姐。英语国家中人的姓名通常由 3 部分组成,即:名+中间名+ 姓。在一般情况下,不用中间名。在熟悉的人中间,以名相称, 而在正式的场合中常用 Mr (先生),Mrs(太太),Miss(小姐)或Ms (女士)这些称呼再加上姓。 Mr用于男士的 姓之前,不能单独使用, 如课文中的Mr B
12、lake;而 sir一般单独使用,是对长者、上司或男顾客的尊称,如:Sorry, si对r.不起,先生。Miss 一般用于指未婚女子,不过有时在不知道对方是否已婚时也可使用。4. Nice to meet you很高兴见到你。用于初次与他人见面等非正式场合。对方的 应一般应为Nice to meet y,outoo(我也很高兴见到你)。人们在正式的场合初次见面时常用:How do you do?相应的答也是:How do you do?这是一句问候语,并非问话。5. 国籍与国家名称有别请不要将国家名称和与其对应的国籍搞混。课文的 French, German ,Japanese,Korean
13、以及 Chinese都是表示国籍的词。句中表示中国国籍的词应为 Chinese 而不是 China。语法 Grammar in use 1特殊疑问句2Sophie is a new stud索en菲t.娅是一名新学生。This is an umbrel这la是. 一把雨伞。这两个句子中出现的 aan 在英语中被称为不定冠词。a 和an 在意义上没有区别。用 aan 时,我们必须记住两条基本原则:(1) aan 有不确定的意义(即所说的人、动物或东西对听者或读者来说可能是不知道的)。(2) aan 只能用于单数可数名词之前。此外还需注意a 和an 的发音:a(在平时讲话中发+音) 用于辅音(不是
14、辅音字母)之前;an(+()用于元音(不仅仅是以元音字母 a,e,i,o,u 开头的词)之前。当我们把 a 或an 用来说明字母表中的字母时,便会一目了然:This is aBC D G JK PQ R TU V W Y Z这是一个 B C D G JK PQ R TU V WY Z 字母。This is anAE FH ILM N O SX 这是一个A EFH ILM N O SX 字母。词汇学习 Word study1. make n.(产品的)牌子;类型,型号;式样: What make is your watch你?的手表是什么牌子的? Her dress is of Italian她
15、m的ak连e.衣裙是意大利式的。2. English adj. 英国(人)的;英格兰(人)的;英国化的:Is it an American car or an English它c是ar美?国车还是英国车?John is very Engli约sh翰. 生活行事非常英国化。练习答案 Key to written exercisesLesson 6 AAlice is a student. She isnt German. She is French. This is her car. It is a French car.Hans is a student. He isnt French.He
16、is German. This is his car. It is a German car. B1 Is she a German student or a Japanese stSuhdenits?nt a German student. Shes a Japanese student.2 Is thisa German car or a French car?It isnta16sixteense1v7enteenei1g8hteen19nGerman car. Its a French car.ineteentw2e0nty3 Is he an Italian student or a
17、 German studeHnet?isnt an Italian student. Hes a German student.语法 Grammar in use以疑问词what 所引导的特殊疑问句4 Is she an Italian student or a Chinese stuSdheenti?snt(可参见 Lessons5 6 中的有关说明。)What ?这一问an Italian student. She is a Chinese student.5 Is thisan American car or an Englishcar? Itisntan American car. I
18、ts an English car.6 Is he a Japanesestudentor a Korean student?He isnta Japanese student. Hes a Korean student.7 Is thisan Englishcar or an Italiancar?Itisntan English car. Its an Italian car.8 Is he an English student or a Chinese studHeenti?snt an English student. Hes a Chinese student.句可以用来询问国籍、工
19、作等等:What nationality are y你ou是? 哪国人? Whats your job你? 是干什么的?对于以上两个问句可如下 答: Im Swedish.我是瑞典人。Im an air hoste我ss是.一名空中小姐。现在不妨改用👉 3 人称单数来进行类似的问答: 词汇学习 Word study1. job n.9 Is this a French car or a German carI?t isnt a French(1)职业: Whats your job你?是做什么工作的?car. Its a German car.(2)(一件)工作,活计: The
20、 whole job takes about 4010 Is this a Chinese car or a Japanese car?It isnmtinautCehsi.n整es个e 工作大约需要十分钟。car. Its a Japanese car.11 Is thisan Englishcar or an American car? Itisntan English car. Its an American car.(3)职责: Its your job to be on 准ti时me是. 你应该做到的事。2nurse12 Is this a Japanese car or a Kor
21、eanItcairs?nt a Japanese car. Its a Korean car.新概念👉一册 7-8课文详解及练习答案(1)n护士;照料者:Is she a nurse or a housew她if是e?护士还是家庭主妇?(2)v照料;照看:All her time goes into nursing her她c把hi全ld部.时间都花课文详注 Further notes on the text 1My names = My name i。s这是自我介绍时通常使用的句型:My name is(后面加上自己的姓名)。有时也可用Im这一句型。2. Are you Fr
22、enc,h too?你也是法国人吗?在英语中,too和 either两个词都表示“也”的意思,然而 too仅用于👉定句中,either则限于用在否定句中。too和 either一般都放在句末,且前面通常用逗号隔开。例如:于照看自己的孩子上了。(3)v 养护;培养: nurse a young tr养ee护树苗nurse an author of pro培mi养se有前途的作家练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 8A1 My name is Robert. I am a student. I am Italian.Is Sophie Ital
23、ian,索to菲o?娅也是意大利人吗?2 Sophie is not Italian. She is French.Is Robert a keyboard operator,罗t伯oo特? 也是电脑录入员吗?3. What nationality are?y你ou是哪国人?此问句用来询问对方的国籍。也可以问 Where are you from?或 Where do you come fro?m4. Whats your j?ob你是做什么工作的?3 Mr. Black is my teacher. He is not French. B1 Whats his job? Is he a po
24、liceman? Yes, he is.2 Whats her job? Is she a policewoman? Yes, she is. 3 Whats his job? Is he a taxi driver? Yes, he is.4 Whats her job? Is she an air hostess? Yes, she is.Whats =What 。i询s do you d?o问对方从事何种职业时还可以说:What5 Whats his job? Is he a postman? Yes, he is. 6 Whats her job? Is she a nurse? Ye
25、s, she is.5. Im an engineer我是工程师。Imaim=I am。口语中经常使用这种缩略形式。英语不定冠词有两个:a,an。在发音以元音音素开头的词前面用 an,7 Whats his job? Is he a mechanic? Yes, he is.8 Whats his job? Is he a hairdresser? Yes, he is. 9 Whats her job? Is she a housewife? Yes, she is.在发音以辅音音素开头的词前面用 a。engineer?enDNini+10 Whats his job? Is he a mi
26、lkman? Yes, he is.的发音是以元音音素开头的,所以前面要用 an。(可参见 Lessons 56 中的有关说明。)6. 数字 1620 的英文写法3新概念👉一册 9-10课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text 1How are you tod?ay你今天好吗?这是朋友或相识的人之间见面时问对方身体情况的寒暄话, 一般 答语为:Fine, thank yo很u.好,谢谢。Im fine, thank y很ou好. ,谢谢。(1) 健康的;舒适的: How is Steven today?史蒂文今天怎么样?(2) 极好的,优秀
27、的: a fineview 美好的景色a fine teacher一位优秀教师Im very well, thank很yo好u.,谢谢。(3) 优雅的,雅致的: He is a man with fine manne他rs.如问及对方的先生或太太的情况,可以说 How is Tony?或Hows Emma ?等。相应的答可为 Hes fine,thanks 或 Shesvery well, thankyou等。2. And you?你好吗?是And how areyou?的简略说法。在答对方问候健康的话之后反问时用。3. 数字 21 与 22 的英文写法21twenty-one 22 twen
28、ty-two语法 Grammar in use1. How ?的一些社交上的用法how 是一个表示“如何”的疑问词,可以用来引导一些用于社交场合的套话:(1) 用于询问健康状况或一般生活情况: How are you?你好吗?How is Helen today?海伦今天好吗? How have you been?你一向可好?(2) How do you do?(你好吗?)是正式介绍中的一句套话,从不用来询问健康:(3) how 经常用在询问目前状况的疑问句里,如: Hows life? 生活如何? How are things? 情况怎样? Hows work? 工作怎么样?2 形容词的意义
29、与作用(1)形容词修饰名词所指的人、物等。我们用形容词说明人、物等是什么样或看上去是什么样的。例如,形容词可以表示质量、大小、新旧、温度、外形、颜色、产地。(2)许多形容词可用以答 What like?这样的问题,并可根据上下文给出笼统的或确切的信息。是一个举止优雅的男人。练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 10A1 Mr. Blake isnt a student. Hes a teacher.2 This isnt my umbrella. Its your umbrella.3 Sophie isnt a teacher. Shes a keyboa
30、rd operator.4 Steven isnt cold. Hes hot.5 Naoko isnt Chinese. Shes Japanese.6 This isnt a German car. Its a Swedish car. B1 Look at that man. Hes very fat.2 Look at that woman. Shes very thin.3 Look at that policeman. Hes very tall.4 Look at that policewoman. Shes very short.5 Look at that mechanic.
31、 Hes very dirty.6 Look at that nurse. Shes very clean.7 Look at Steven. Hes very hot.8 Look at Emma. Shes very cold.9 Look at that milkman. Hes very old.10 Look at that air hostess. Shes very young.11 Look at that hairdresser. Hes very busy.12 Look at that housewife. Shes very lazy.新概念👉一册 11
32、-12 课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text 1Whose shirt is ?th那at是谁的衬衫?这是特殊疑问句。读时用降调。(3)英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前,如:2. Yes,si?r什么事,先生?请参见 Lessons 12 课a young nurse 一位年轻的护士; an old mechanic 一位老文详注以及 Lessons3 4 课文详注。机械师a lazyhousewife一个懒惰的家庭主妇; a thinwoman 一个瘦瘦的女人词汇学习 Word study 1look v.(1)看,瞧,观,望:3. Here y
33、ou are给你。是给对方东西时的习惯用语。递给对方东西或对方在找某物而你指出该物在什么地方时,往往用这种表达方式。也可以说:Here it (is指单数的物)或 Here they a(re指复数的物)。句中的are和is一般应重读。4. 非省略形式和省略形式之间的关系:it is not = it isnLook at that man. Is he t瞧hi那n?个男人。他瘦吗?= its。notLook carefully before you cross the 过st马re路et前.要仔细看清来往车辆。(2)面向,朝向:5. 数字 30 的英文写法: 30 thirty 语法 Gr
34、ammar in use1. 以疑问词 whose 引导的特殊疑问句The room looks on the s房ea间.面向大海。(1) 用来询问所有关系。所有者总是一个人而且期望得到Two windows look to the sou两th扇. 2fine adj.窗子朝南。的 答是某人的名字加-s形式(如 Tims蒂姆的),或者是一个所有格代词(如 mine 我的)。4(2) 这时 whose 也可在句子中作表语,如:(3) 当所有关系中指的是某件东西或某种物质时,whose 后面的名词可以省略:2. 所有格形容词和所有格代词(1)所有格形容词与所有格代词都表示所有,即某人或某物属于
35、某一个人, 答以whose 引导的问句。所有格形容词 my , your 等是限定词,必须始终放在名词之前,只能作定语。它们的形式取决于所有者,而不是被拥有的东西。所有格代词 mine, yours等不能用在名词前,并且在说话时要加重语气。它们指人(1) 接住,拦住: Catch!接着!(2) 逮住,捕捉: catch a thi捉ef住一个贼(3) 染上(疾病):catch a col伤d 风I have caught a bad cold. 我得了重感冒。新概念👉一册 13-14 课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text 1Its th
36、e same colo一ur样的颜色。same 通常与定冠词the连用,表示“同一的”、“相同的”:或物,单数或复数都一样。请见下表:two boys of the same两age个同龄的男孩子This is my car这. 是我的汽车。(定语) That is her co这at是. 她的上衣。(定语)We live in the same ci我ty们.住在同一个城市里。 2That is a lovely!h真at是一顶可爱的帽子!Your car is ,remdine is blue你.色的。(主语)的车是红色的,我的是蓝句末用的是赞叹号,表现出较强的感情色彩。句中的 is 用斜
37、体,是为了强调,应重读。This book is,hniost yours.这本书是他的,不是你的。(表语)I have my way, and she has h我er有s.我的处事方式,她有她的。(宾语)(2)名词所有格是在词尾加-s构成的,不仅可作定语, 还可作表语:Is this Daves sh这ir是t?戴夫的衬衫吗?(作定语) Whose is thatshirt?Is ityour daughters?那条裙子是谁的?是你女儿的吗?(作表语)练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 12A1 Stella is here. That is her
38、 car.2 Excuse me, Steven. Is this your umbrella?3 I am an air hostess. My name is Britt.4 Paul is here, too. That is his coat. B3数字 40,50,60,70,80,90,100,101 的英文写法: 40forty 50fifty 60sixty 70seventy 80eighty90ninety 100a hundred 101 a hundred and one语法 Grammar in use1. what colou(r s)引导的非凡疑问句 (可参见 L
39、essons 56 语法中有关非凡疑问句的说明。)以疑问词 what 引导的 What colour ? 和 What colours ?类型的非凡疑问句式用于询问颜色。又如:What colour is Annas h安at娜? 的帽子是什么颜色的? What colours Helens d海og伦? 的豿是什么颜色的? What colours your sh你ir的t?衬衣是什么颜色的? What colour is 它it是? 什么颜色的?2. 祈使句(1) 祈使句的主语通常不直接表示出来,其谓语动词用原型。祈使句用来表示请求、建议、命令、叮嘱等。如:Follow me. 跟我来。1
40、 Whose is this handbag? Its Stella s. Its her handbag.2 Whose is this car? Its Pauls. Its his car.3 Whose is this coat? Its Sophie s. Its her coat.Shut the door, plea请se关.门。 Look out! 当心!Keep off the gras请s!勿践踏地!4 Whose is this umbrella? Its Stevens. Its his umbrella.Help yourself请.自己动手。5 Whose is t
41、his pen? Its my daughters. Its her pen.(2)某些祈使动词可以后跟 and 和另一个祈使动词,而不6 Whose is this dress? Its my sons. Its his dress. 是后跟人们预料的带to的动词不定式结构:7 Whose is this suit? Its my fathers. Its his suit.8 Whose is this skirt? Its my mothers. Its her skirste.e)Come and see this goldfi来sh看. 这条金鱼。(不用 Come to9 Whose
42、 is this blouse? Its my sisters. Its her blouse. Go and buyyourself a new pair of sho去es给. 自己买双新10 Whose is this tie? Its my brothers. Its his tie.鞋吧。(不用 Go to bu)y11 Whose is this pen? Its Sophies. Its her pen.12 Whose is this pencil? Its Hans. Its his pencil. 词汇学习 Word study1perhaps adv.或许,大概,可能:
43、Perhaps it is, 也sir. 许是,先生。 Perhaps it will ra也in许. 要下雨了。Perhaps its Sophies hand也ba许g.这是索菲娅的手提包。2catch v.5Wait and see等. 着瞧吧。(不用 Wait to s)ee词汇学习 Word study1. nice adj.(1) 美好的,好看的:Its a nice day today, i今sn天t天i气t?真好,不是吗? Thats a nice dr那es件s.连衣裙真好看。(2) 和蔼的,友好的:He is very nice to his neigh他bo对ur邻s.居
44、很友善。(3) 使人兴奋的,令人愉快的:It is so nice to have you你h能er在e.这儿真是太好了。 Have a nice tim祝e!你玩得愉快点!2. smart adj.(1) 漂亮的,时髦的,巧妙的:Annas hat is sma安rt娜. 的帽子漂亮而别致。语法 Grammar in use1. 表示复数的-s或-es一般遵循的发音规则(1) 假如名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音(如 f, k, p,t,I;但s,M ,tM 除外),-s发 s的音,如:booksbuks suits su:ts(2) 假如名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音(如b,d,g,l,m ,n,R
45、 ;但z,N ,You look smartin thatnew dress.你穿那件新连衣裙看上去时髦而潇洒。DN 除外)或元音,-s发 z的音,如:tiestaizdogzdogs(2)聪明的,伶俐的,精明的:(3)假如名词词尾的发音是s,z,M ,NShe is a smart stud她en是t.一名聪颖的学生。,tM 或DN ,-s 发iz的音,如:dressesdreszHe is a smart businessm他an是.一位精明的商人。 blousesbluziz练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 14A1 This is Pauls car.词汇学习 Word study 1blue adj.(1)蓝色的,蔚蓝的:The sea is deep bl大ue海.呈深蓝色。2 This is Sophies coat.3 This is Helens dog.4 This is my fathers suit.5 This is my daughters dress. B1 What colours Stevens car? His cars blue.2 What colours Tims shi