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1、初中八年级上册英语知识点总结八年级上册英语语法、短语与知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 本单元得话题: 谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。本单元得语法: 1、复习一般过去时; 2、学习不定代词与不定副词得用法。1、本单元出现得 动词不规则过去式有:isam-was就是 are - were就是 go-went去 buy bought 买 take -took拿走 dodoes did feedfed 喂 see saw 瞧见 eat ate 吃 havehas had 有,吃feel felt感觉 riderode 骑 get got 到达,
2、得到 can could 能,会forget forgot忘记 drinkdrank 喝 findfound 找到2、不定代词与不定副词得用法:some body any one every thing no where(疑问副词)不定代词与不定副词(1)左边得 some 、any、every 、no 与右边得 body、one、thing 构成不定代词 ,some 、any、every 、no 与右边得疑问副词where 构成不定副词 ;(2)一般情况下以some开头得不定代词与不定副词用于肯定句,以any 开头得不定代词与不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no 开头得不定代词与不定副词表示否定
3、含义(no one 为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词与形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。He has something important to do、她有重要得事情要做。(肯定句用 something ,形容词 important放后)Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用 anything ,形容词 special放后)Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月您去令人感兴趣得地方了吗?( 一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词 interesting放后) (4)不定代词与不定副词做主语时,后
4、面得动词用 单数形式 。Everone is here today、今天每个人都在这里。本单元得短语与知识点:1、(P1,图片 ) go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/ 进山2、(P1,1a) stay at home呆在家 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去夏令营 3、(P2,2b) study for tests为考试而学习备考 go out出去精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - -
5、- - - -第 1 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结4、(P2,2d) quite a few相当多 , 不少(后跟可数名词复数)He has quite a few friends、她有不少朋友; take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间5、 (P3,语法表格 3 行) buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物My mother bought me a sweater=My mother bought a sweater for me、我妈妈给我买了一件毛衣。6、 (P3,语法表格
6、 4 行) taste good、 尝起来很好taste (尝起来)、look (瞧起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词The food tastes delicious、这食品尝起来非常可口。The T-shirt looks beautiful、这件体恤衫瞧起来很漂亮。The songs sound beautiful、这些歌曲听起来很优美。7、 (P3,语法表格 5 行)have a goodgreatfun time过得高兴,玩得愉快( =enjoy oneself)They had a good time yesterday、= They enjoyed themsel
7、ves yesterday、她们昨天玩得很开心。8、(P3,3a) go shopping去购物9、(P3,3b,4行) nothing but+动词原形:除了之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday、昨天她在家除了读书无事可做。10、(P3,3b,5 行) seem to do sth:好像 I seem to know him、我好像认识她。seem+ (to be )+形容词:瞧起来 The work seems(to be )easy、这工作瞧起来很容易。11、 (P3,3c)keep a diary记日记12、(P5
8、,2b,1 行) in+大地方:达到某地(get to +地方:达到某地)arrive at+ 小地方:达到某地 (get得过去式为 got) He arrived in Beijing yesterday、她昨天达到北京。若就是 arrive与 get 后跟 home 、there 、here 三个地点副词 ,后面得介词 inatto必须去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening、昨晚汤姆到家。13、(P5,2b,2 行)decide to do sth:决定做某事He decided to go
9、home、她决定回家。14、(P5,2b,3 行) try doing sth、尝试做某事 try to do sth、尽力去做某事The boy tried riding bicycle、这个小孩试着骑自行车He tried to help the old man、她尽力帮助这个老年人。15、(P5,2b,4 行) feel like给得感觉;感受到16、(P5,2b,1 段末行 ) in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事He enjoys playing basketball、她喜欢打篮球。17、(P5,2b,2 段 1 行
10、) difference(名词,差异,差别 )- different(形容词,不同得 ) 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结18、(P5,2b,2 段 2 行) start doing sth:开始做某事(= start to do sth)He started doing his homework、 她开始做家庭作业。19、(P5,2b,2 段 3 行)over an hour一个多小时(over 超
11、过,多余 = more than)20、(P5,2b,2 段 4 行) too many 太多,后接可数名词复数。Mother bought too many eggs yesterday、昨天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。too much 太多,后跟不可数名词,修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do 、我们有很多工作要做。Don t talk too much 、不要说太多。much too 太,后跟形容词或副词The hat is much too big for me 、这帽子对我来说太大。You re walking much too fast 、您走地太快了。分辨
12、三者得口诀: too much, much too, 用法区别瞧后头 :much 后接不可数 ,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。21、(P5,2b,2段 6 行) because of 因为, 后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing) ,不能接句子。because 因为,后跟句子。He cant go to school because of the rain、她因为下雨没去上学。 (rain 为名词)He was late for school because ofget ting up late、她因为起晚而上学迟到。 (get 为动词)= He was l
13、ate for school because he got up late、I don t buy the shirt because it was too expensive、我没有买这件衬衣因为它太贵。22、(P5,2b,2 段 8 行) enough(足够得) 与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has enough money 、她有足够得钱。 (money为名词 ) enough(足够得 )与形容词或副词连用,enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school、 (old为形容词 ) 23、 (P6,2d, 倒数 4 行) doing sth、忘记已经
14、做过某事(已经做完)forget to do sth、忘记去做某事(还未做)(forget得过去式为 forgot)Dont foget to close the door、不要忘记关上门。(门还未关)He forgot closing the door、她忘记已经关上门了。 (门已经关上,但就是她忘了)24、 (P6,2e,5 行)another+ 数字+可数名词单数或复数 :额外多少某物He ate one apple,he wanted another two apples、她吃了一个苹果,还想再要两个。25、 (P8,self check,2,6行)so+形容词 +that+ 句子:如
15、此以至于too+ 形容词 +to do sth:太以至于 不能形容词 +enough to do sth:足够能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)He is so young that he cant go to school、她如此年轻以至于不能去上学。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结= He is too young to go to school、 她太年轻以至于不能去上学。= He isn
16、t old enough to go to school、26、 (P8,self check,2,7行)tell sb (not) to do sth: 告诉某人(不要)做某事My mother often tells us not to play in the street、我得妈妈经常告诉我不要在街上玩。Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 本单元得话题: 谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时。本单元得语法: 1、复习一般现在时; 2、学习表示频率副词得用法。主要频率副词得等级排序:always( 总就是) usually (通常) often(经常) someti
17、mes(有时) hardly ever(很少) never(从不) 这些副词在句子中得位置,一般放在助动词、 be 动词或情态动词之后,行为(实义)动词之前。即:“行”前“助 ( 系)”后。 Peter is always late for school、 Peter上学总就是迟到。I usually do my homework in the evening、我通常在晚上做作业。提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词,用How often I watch TV every day、我每天都瞧电视 How often do you watch TV?(您
18、多长时间瞧一次电视? ) 本单元得短语与知识点:1、(P9, 图片、 1a) on weekends在周末 go to the movies去瞧电影 help with housework帮助做家务 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不2、(P10,2a 至 2d) 2a:once a week 每周一次 twice a week每周两次 every day每天2c:use the Internet用互联网2d: be free有空 Are you free on weekends?您周末有空吗?swing dance 摇摆舞 have dance and piano l
19、essons上舞蹈与钢琴课 play tennis打网球How about? 怎么样? / 好不好?(后跟名词代词V-ing )(用来提出意见或征求对方建议) I like apple s,how about you ?我喜欢苹果,您呢?( apple, 名词,苹果) (how about =what about) How about going shopping this afternoon?今天下午去购物怎么样?(go 为动词)3、(P11, 语法表格 )go shopping购物 4、 (P11 ,3b)after school 放学后5、 (P11,3a) stay up late熬夜
20、 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动6、(P12,1b)want sth :需要某物 He wants a new pen、她想要一支新钢笔。want to do sth: 想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school、放学后她想去瞧电视。want sb to do sth: 让某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early、妈妈让我早起。7、(P12,1b)be good for对有好处 be bad for 对有害处Swimming is good for our he
21、alth、游泳对我们得健康有好处。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结Watching TV is bad for our eyes、瞧电视对我们得眼睛有害处。8、 (P13 ,2a) play computer games打电子游戏 go camping去野营9、(P13,2b,1 行) ask sb about sth:问某人某事My parents often ask me about my stu
22、dy、我得父母经常问我得学习情况。10、 (P13 ,2b,1 段 1 行) in one s spare time在某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time、她在业余时间学习英语。11、(P13,2b)”数字 +percent of+名词”做主语时,后面得单词取决于名词得情况。若名词为复数,后面得动词用复数形式;若名词为单数或不可数名词,后面得动词用单数形式。In our class ,twenty of studentsare boys 、在我们班,百分之二十得学生为男生。Thirty of wateris dirty 、百分之三十得 水就是脏得
23、。12、(P13,2b,2 段 3 行) not at all: 一点儿也不(not 构成否定句)I dont like the movie at all、我一点也不喜欢这部电影。13、(P13,2b,3 段)go online上网 14、 (P13 ,2b,4 段) the most popular最受欢迎得15、 (P13 ,2b,3 段) the answer to+名词:得答案 the answer to the question这个问题得答案although ( 虽然)不能与 but 连用,但可以与 yet ,still 连用。Although it is dark ,they ar
24、e still working、虽然天黑了,但她们仍在工作。Although he is old ,he is quite strong、她虽然年龄大了,但身体很健壮。16、(P13,2b,5 段 1 行) the (best) way to do sth: 做某事得 ( 最好 )方式The best way to learn English is speaking English、学习英语得最好方法就是说英语、17、(P13,2b,5 段 2 行) such as 比如 (后跟名词或名词短语) for example例如(后跟句子)He likes fruits,such as apples
25、,bananas and so on、她喜欢水果,例如苹果、香蕉等。He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes、她有许多好得方法学习英语,例如,她经常听磁带。18、(P13,2b,5 段 4 行) old habits die hard旧习难改。19、(P15,3a)more than (=over) 超过,多余 go to the dentist去瞧牙医Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister、本单元得话题: 谈论事物对比,学习形容词比较级。本单
26、元得语法: 学习形容词比较级。(语法:见课本第113 页至 115页)本单元出现得形容词与副词得比较级 有:精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结long longer( 长得) tall-taller(高得) fastfaster(更快) funnyfunnier(更有趣 ) friendlyfriendlier(更友好) earlyearlier(更早) lazylazier(更懒惰 ) high hi
27、gher( 更高) hardharder( 更努力 ) quietquieter (更安静,更内向) , smartsmarter (更聪明) loud louder (更响亮) goodwell-better (更好) manymuch more ( 更多) popularmore popular( 更受欢迎 ) loudlymore loudly (更响亮)outgoing-more outgoing(更外向 / 更开朗 ) hard-workingmore hard-working (更努力)clearlymore clearly(更清楚) seriousmore serious (更严
28、肃)形容词与副词得比较级讲解:1. 比较级表示两个人或物得比较。所用得句型为“比较级 +than” (比更),若 than 前后所使用得得动词相同时,通常用助动词代替后面得动词,后面得动词或助动词可以省略。注意比较得对象必须性质相同。I am taller than my brother、我比我得弟弟高。He is more outgoing than me、她比我外向。2、比较级前,可以用 much (更,多得多),a lot (更,多得多) ,even(更,多得多),a little(稍微) 来表示程度。 I am a little thinner than my sister、我比我得妹
29、妹稍微瘦。She is much more beautiful than her sister、她比她得妹妹更漂亮。本单元得短语与知识点:1、(P17, 图片)play+the +乐器 play the drums打鼓both and两者都 ( 后面得动词用复数形式 )Both Tom and Jim are students、 汤姆与吉姆都就是学生。2、(P18,2d)the singing competition 歌咏比赛 the most important 最重要得3、(P20,1a)be good at+ 名词 代词V ing : 擅长,在某方面做得好He is good at ma
30、th、她擅长数学( math 为名词) I am good at playing basketball 、我擅长打篮球。(play为动词 ) 4、(P20,1a)make sb do sth: 让某人做某事 He makes me help him 、她让我帮助她。5、(P20,1b)the same as 与相同 His book is the same as my book、她得书与我得书一样。6、 (P20,1b)be talented in sth: 在某方面有天赋 He is talented in music、她在音乐方面有天赋。7、(P21,2b,1 段 2 行)be like:
31、 像 The books are like friends、书像朋友。8、(P21,2b,1 段)make friends (with sb):(与某人)交朋友He often makes friends with children、她经常与孩子们交朋友、精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结enjoy doing sth: 喜欢做某事 Tom enjoys reading、汤姆喜欢读书。9、(P21,2b
32、,2 段)be different from与不同 My brother is different from me、我弟弟与我不一样。10、(P21,2b,2 段)help sb to (do) sth: 帮助某人做某事常与 help sb with sth(在某方面帮助某人 )互换He often helps me (to ) learn English、她经常帮助我学习英语。 = He often helps me with my English、她经常在英语方面帮助我。help (to) do sth:帮助做某事 He often helps( to )cook at home 、她经常
33、在家帮助做饭。11、(P21,2b,3 段)care about关心My parents often care about my study、我得父母亲经常关心我得学习、12、(P22,2d)比较级表示最高级常用:比较级 +than +the other+可数名词复数=比较级 +than +any other+可数名词单数 (用于一范围内一个与余下进行比较)例如:He is the tallest student in our class 、 (最高级)在我们班她就是最高得学生。= He is taller than any other student in our class、= He is
34、 taller than the other students in our class、在我们班,她比其她得学生高。(在我们班,她与她之外得其她得同学进行比较)shanghai is the biggest city in china、上海就是中国最大得城市。= = 13、(P24,4)be good with sb:与某人相处很好The teacher is good with students、这位老师与学生相处很好。14、(P24,4)information (n、消息,信息)不可数名词Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater? 本单元得话题: 谈论事物对
35、比,学习形容词与副词得最高级。本单元得语法: 学习形容词与副词得最高级。1、形容词与副词得最高级常用于表示三者或三者以上进行比较,后面可用of 或 in 短语表示比较得范围。 He is the tallest in his class、在她那个班,她就是最高得。Tom studies (the) best of the three students、在这三个学生中汤姆学习最好2、形容词与副词得最高级前常常有the( 副词得最高级前得the 可以省略 ),例如:He is the tallest student in our class、在我们班她就是最高得学生。 (tall为形容词, the
36、 不能省)汤姆在她那个学校跑得最快。 (fast为副词修饰动词 run,the可以省略)精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结Tom runs (the) fastest in his school、3、比较级也可以表示最高级得含义,见Unit3,12讲解。本单元出现得形容词与副词得最高级 有:good(好)best badbadly(坏得)worst frest(新鲜得 ) frestest big(大)
37、 biggest fast( 快得)-fastest new(新得) newest cheap( 便宜得 )cheapest funny(有趣得 )- funniest close( 近得)closest short(矮得) shortest quiet(安静得,内向得) quietest expensive( 昂贵得 )most expensive,popular(受欢迎得 ) most popular,quikcly(快地) most quikcly beautiful(美丽得 ) most beautiful, comefortable(舒服得) most comefortable ch
38、eaply (便宜地) most cheaply carefully(仔细地,细心地 )most carefully boring( 无聊得 )most boring exciting(令人兴奋得 ) most exciting interesting(令人感兴趣得) most interesting serious(严肃得,认真得 )most serious creative(有创造力得 )most creative, talented(有天赋得 ) most talented 本单元得短语与知识点:1、(P26,2d,2 行)welcome to +地点:欢迎来到某地 Welcome to
39、 our school、欢迎来我校。2、(P27语法表) What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?您认为、怎么样?What do you think of the book?您认为这本书怎么样? It is boring、很无聊。3、(P29,2b,1 段 2 行)watch sb do sth: 瞧见某人做了某事( = see sb do sth )I watched him play basketball yesterday、昨天我瞧见她打篮球了。4、(P29,2b,1 段 3 行)比较级别 +and+比较级:越来越(若比较级为 mor
40、e+形容词原级,则为: more and more 形容词原级)The buildings are taller and taller、楼房越来越高。Our school is getting more and more beautiful、我们得学校正在变得越来越漂亮。5、(P29,2b,1 段末行) around the world全世界 =all over the world,such as 例如Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show? 本单元得话题: 谈论自己对天使节目或电影得喜好,学会表达自己得感受。本单元得语法: 复习一般现在时。本单元得短语
41、与知识点:1、(P33, 图片) What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?您认为 怎么样?What do you think of the movie?您认为这部电影怎么样? It is boring、很无聊。2、(P33, 图片) (补充) mind doing sth: 介意做某事精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结Would you mind o
42、pening the door?您介意打开门吗? Of course not、当然不介意。3、(P33,1a) news (不可数名词 ,消息,信息 ) a piece of good news一条好消息4、(P34,2b,2 行)learn (sth) from sb: 向某人学习(某物)We is learning English from the teacher、我们正在向这位老师学习英语。5、(P34,2c,1行)plan to do sth:计划做某事( plan 得过去式 pla nned, 现在分词 pla nning )He is planning to visit Beiji
43、ng、她正在计划访问北京。6、(P34,2c,4行)hope to do sth: 希望做某事 He hopes to meet the famous singer、她希望与这位著名歌手得见面。7、(P34,2d,2 行)have a discussion (about sth): 讨论(某物)They had a discussion about the movie yesterday昨天她们讨论了这部电影。8、(P34,2d, 倒数 5 行)favorite (形容词,最喜爱得 )= likebest My favorite shows are talk shows、我最喜欢得节目就是谈话
44、节目。=I like talk shows best、9、(P34,2d, 倒数 2 行)expect to do sth: 期待做某事The girl alaways expects to meet her favorite actor、这个女孩总就是期待与她最喜欢得演员见面。10、(P37,2b,1 段 2 行) think of认为,想起 He often thinks of his teachers、她经常想起她得老师。11、(P37,2b,1 段倒数 2 行)in the 1930s: 在二十世纪三十年代( 1930年至 1939年)in the 2010s:在二十一世纪 10年代(
45、 2010 年至 2019 年)12、(P37,2b,2 段 2 行) one of + 可数名词复数:之一(该短语放在句首做主语时,后面得动词用单数形式) One of the students has an English dictionary、这些学生中一个人有英语字典。13、(P37,2b,2 段 3 行) try to do sth:尽力做某事 He tried to help the old man、她尽力帮助这老人。try doing sth:试着做某事 The boy tried riding a bicycle、这个孩子试着骑自行车。14、 (P37,2b,2 段 3 行)l
46、uck ( 名词,幸运, 运气) lucky( 形容词 , 幸运得 )-unlucky ( 形容词 , 不幸得) 15、(P37,2b,2 段 5 行) be ready to do sth乐意做某事He is always ready to help others、她总就是乐于助人。16、(P37,2b,2 段 5 行) try ones best (to do sth): 尽力(做某事)He often tries his best to help me、她总就是尽力帮助我。17、(P39,3a,3 行) take one s place:代替,替换(take 得过去式为 took)精品资
47、料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结Our English teacher wasnt at school,Mr、 Wang took her place to teach us English、我们英语老师不在学校,王老师代替她教我们英语。这就是八年级上册英语课本主要知识、主要考点:单词、词组、习惯搭配与重要句型,只要熟练掌握、灵活运用,一般考试就是没有问题。建议同学们经常听课本录音并跟读(利用mp3等用具)
48、 :每天至少听读三遍已学课本内容,预习两遍要新学内容。 1、注意发音、升降调、轻重读、连读、失去爆破等等,并模仿语音语调;2 练习语感、学会用英语思维。 这些全靠自己熟读课本,形成英语语感而得到。您们有了很强得英语语感加上英语思维习惯,您们把题目念完就会知道答案。我们学习外语要遵循语言学习规律:听说领先,读写跟上;由从听说促进读写,读写促进理解(循序渐进要一个过程),有了一定学习基础,精读学生课本,泛读社会。以致(广泛阅读达到)融会贯通。以不变得基础应对万变得题型,这才就是把学习变简单、变轻松得有效方法。否则,您得学习方法就需要改变。Unit6 Im going to study comput
49、er science、本单元得话题: 谈论自己将来得计划或打算。本单元得语法: 学习一般将来时be going to do sth。be going to + 动词原形 表示将来得打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来得tomorrow, next year等时间状语或 when 引导得时间状语从句连用。I am going to visit my grandparents this Sunday、这个星期天我打算去瞧望我得爷爷奶奶。Are you going to play basketball with me tomorrow?您打算明天与我一起打篮球吗?What are you going to
50、 do when you grow up?您长大了打算干什么?肯定句 :主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其她。He is going to take the bus there、她打算乘坐公交车去那里。否定句 :主语 + be not going to + 动词原形 + 其她I m not going to see my friends this weekend、这个周末我不打算渴望我得朋友。一般疑问句 :Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其她肯定回答 : Yes, 主语 + be 、否定回答 : No, 主语 + be not、Are you goi