《2022年快乐就在户外英语.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年快乐就在户外英语.docx（5页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、2022年快乐就在户外英语 Just having a break from work is not enough suggests new research, it is activities in the open air which have the strongest restorative effects on our mental states. Everyone gets down sometimes - its only natural. It would be more unusual never to be depressed. The idea that depressi
2、on is an on-off condition with a purely chemical foundation is a myth no psychologist would endorse. The causes of depression can be many and widespread. But one cause many of us have to cope with is work. One of the main weapons against stress building up from work is going on vacation. Holidays ar
3、e a firmly established way of allowing the mind and body to recuperate. In new research, however, published in the Journal of Environmental Psychology, Hartig, Catalano and Ong (2022) find that all holidays are not created equal. Getting out in the open The lead author of this paper, Terry Hartig, l
4、ives and works in Sweden, a country well known for its long, dark winters. As such, the Swedes know the importance of getting out in the sunshine, when it finally arrives. There is even a law requiring employers to provide four consecutive weeks of holiday in the summer. And its actually this law th
5、at is crucial to Hartig et als findings. Hartig and colleagues suggest that being stuck indoors on vacation can limit mental recuperation. On the other hand, when able to roam outdoors, we can exert ourselves at a favourite sport or simply linger in the park. Psychologically, beautiful scenery can d
6、istract us from our troubles, help us forget our normal stressful environments and reconnect us to nature. This is a nice theory that is intuitively attractive and plausible. The problem is how to test it scientifically. Anti-depressant prescriptions and the weather Hartig et al. decided to use the
7、number of SSRI anti-depressants prescribed between 11011 and 19101 as a proxy for the general level of depression in the population of Sweden. They then looked for correlations between the weather and the amount of anti-depressants prescribed, which they duly found. Wait, though, theres a problem wi
8、th this. Perhaps people are simply happier when the weather is warmer It would then follow there would be an association between anti-depressant prescriptions and temperature. Hartig et al. anticipated this problem. They remove the variation in anti-depressant prescriptions associated with the gener
9、al change in monthly mean temperature from the equation. Then they get a really interesting finding. Now theres only a correlation between temperature and anti-depressant medications in one month: July. Theres no similar effect even for the adjacent months of June or August. How can that be explaine
10、d Why would the relationship only occur in July Why July is unusual Here is the authors reasoning. In Sweden people take most of their holiday in July at the centre of the period stipulated by law (from 1 June to 31 August). A survey found it is over 90%. This means that during July they have the hi
11、ghest likelihood of being free to enjoy outdoor pursuits. On average, the rest of the year they will be working, so even if the weather is unseasonably warm in May, for example, they wont be able to take advantage of it. The reasoning goes, then, that if the weather is bad in July people are stuck i
12、ndoors. This means they are unable to fully recuperate mentally before returning to work. Alternately, if the weather is good in July people are, on average, mentally rested and have less need for medication. Remember that this explanation relies on averaging out many peoples behaviour across nine y
13、ears. Obviously not everyone requires anti-depressants to get through a spell of bad weather. Similarly some people require them whatever the weather. But think about it in terms of the people who are slipping across the boundary of requiring/asking for medication. Then the authors explanation makes
14、 sense. Happiness is. I know this study falls into the category of telling us something we already know. But it does so in rather an ingenious way that takes advantage of Swedish vacation patterns. Also, we cant be reminded often enough that we should take every opportunity to get out in the open air. Truly, happiness is looking out across fresh fields, gazing at a distant tree, feeling the sun on your back and the wind brushing your skin. 第5页 共5页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页