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1、大学英语四级考试2024年6月真题(第二套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose your university is seeking studentsopinions on whether university sports facilities should be open to the public.You are now to write an essay to express your view.You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 12
2、0 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end ofeach news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will bespoken only once.Afier you hear a ques
3、tion,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)It hit a bird shortly after takeoff.B)Its crew members wen
4、t on strike.C)It narrowly escaped a plane crash when turning around.D)Its captain got slightly injured during the forced landing.2.A)Panic. C)Relieved.B)Nervous. D)Contented.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)He is now kept in a secure area.B)He has escaped the zo
5、o once again.4.A)SqueezedB)Threatened.C)He has been caught a second time.D)He finally disappeared six days ago.C)DisappointedD)Frustrated.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)It is condemned as a crazy idea.B)It is enriching the citys night life.6.A)Avoid entering on
6、e-way streetsB)Ensure the safety of pedestrians.7.A)To ease the citys busy traffic.B)To bring new life into the city.C)It is questioned by local residents.D)It is giving rise to safety concerns.C)Follow all the traffic rules drivers do.D)Give way to automobiles at all times.C)To add a new means of t
7、ransport.D)To reduce the citys air pollution.Section BDirections: In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end ofeach conversation,you will hearfour questions.Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer
8、from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Thenmarkthe corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centreQuestions 8 to 11 are basedon the conversationyou have just heard.8.A)Take it seriously.C)Make it sound scary.B)Discuss it regularly.D)Talk about it openly.9.A)Byshoppin
9、g around for the best deals.C)By citing concrete examplesB)By making abstract sums relevant.D)By visiting discount stores.10.A)Paying their kids to help with houseworkB)Setting kids a good example by sharing choresC)Giving kidspocket money according to their needs.D)Urging kids to deposit some of th
10、eir gift money.11.A)The importance of cutting down family expenses.C)The delight in seeing their savings grow. B)The need to learn important lessons from her elders.D)The necessity of saving into a pension.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)He is a successful b
11、usinessman.C)He has published a new bestseller.B)He reviews books on political affairs.D)He has worked in several banks.13.A)The mans ideas about educationC)The mans attempts at drawing public attention.B)The mans academic background.D)The mans proposals to solve economic problems14.A)To reduce stud
12、entsfinancial burden.B)To motivate all students to be successful.C)To give students incentive to excel in economics.D)To provide remedies for studentspoor performance15.A)Improving school budgeting.C)Seeking donations.B)Increasing tuition fees.D)Raising taxes.Section CDirections: In this section,you
13、 will hear three passages.At the end ofeach passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Shee
14、t I with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)To show his sympathy towards people always being busy.B)To prevent people from complaining about being“busy”.C)To call on busy people to take care of themselves.D)To help busy people to sor
15、t out their priorities.17.A)Avoid saying we are busy. C)Describeour schedule in detail.B)Reflect on their true purpose D)Respond as most busy people do. 18.A)To show their achievements resulted fromgreat efforts.B)To prove they stand out as accomplished professionals.C)To cover up their failure to a
16、chieve some purposeD)To tell others a complete lie about their inability.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passageyou have just heard19.A)They will help one reduce fearC)They will be less challenging after a time.B)They should become so popular.D)They should cover so many different types20.A)To br
17、eak ones ultimate limits.C)To avoid dangerous mistakes.B)To stop being extremely afraidD)To enjoy the sports to the full.21.A)By allowing our motivation to be at an all-time high.C)By burning as many as 300 calories per hour.B)By stopping us hurting the same muscles repeatedly.D)By enabling us to ge
18、t an all-over workoutQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)It isnaturalB)It is instrumental.23.A)To guard against being perceived negatively. B)To prevent themselves from being isolated.24.A)It helps to enhance team spiritB)It stimulates innovative ideas25.A)An innovat
19、ive mind.B)Corporate culture.C)It is personalD)It is vital.C)To conceal personality preferences.D)To maintain workplace harmony.C)It helps to resolve problems.D)It facilitates policy-making.C)Mutual trust.D)A healthy mentality.Part Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this sectio
20、n,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding lett
21、er for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A team of researchers led by Priyanka Joshi examined the degree to which men and women relied on “communicative abstraction”to verbally convey their ideas and emotions
22、.Communicative abstraction, according to the researchers,reflects the tendency of people to use“abstract speech that focuses on the broader picture and 26 purpose of action rather than concrete speech focusing on details and the meansof 27 action.”Interestingly,they found that men were far more like
23、ly to speak in the abstract than werewomen.To arrive at this 28 ,the researchers examined the linguistic(语言的)patterns of men and women in over 600,000 blog posts written on websites.To do this,the researchers computed abstractness ratings for 29 40,000 commonly used words in the English language.Wor
24、ds considered to be concretecould be easily visualized,such as “table”or“chair”.Words that were more 30 to visualize,for example, “justice”or“morality”were considered to be more abstract.They found that men used 31 more abstract language in their blog posts.What is the 32 of this effect?The research
25、ers suggest that power differences between the genders that is,men having more power in societymight be a key determinant(决定因素).For instance,in a follow-up study conducted with a sample of 300 students,the researchers 33 power dynamics in an interpersonal setting to see if this would influence commu
26、nicative abstraction.They found that participants in a high-power interviewer role were more likely to give abstract descriptions of behaviors than were participants in a low-power interviewee role.This suggests that communicating more abstractly does not reflect a 34 tendency of men or women but ra
27、ther 35 within specific contexts.A)approximatelyI)manipulatedB)attainingJ)recommendedC)conclusionK)refrainingD)difficultL)signalsE)emergesM)significantlyF)fixedN)sourceG)ignoredO)ultimateH)legallySection BDirections: In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.
28、Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to better wo
29、rk towards long-term goalsA)Hal Hershfield,a psychologist at the UCLA Anderson School of Management,wanted to know why people werent saving for retirement.Across the board,people are living longer.Logically,theyll need more money to live comfortably in their post-work years.And yet,savings rates in
30、the U.S.have gone down in recent decades,not up.B)To help explain this seemingly irrational behavior,Hershfield and his team scanned the brains of study participants while asking them to what degree various traits(特征)like “honorable”or “funny”applied to their current self,their future self,a current
31、 other,or a future other.As participants answered,Hershfields team recorded which parts of their brains lit up.Unsurprisingly,peoples brains were most active when thinking about their current selves and least active when thinking about a current other.But the team found that participantsbrain activi
32、ty while considering their future selves more closely resembled their brain activity while thinking about a current other rather than the current self.C)Put in practical terms,when thinking of yourself in a month or a year or a decade,your brain registers that person in ways similar to how it would
33、registerTaylor Swift or the mailman.Understood in that way,savingfor retirement is the equivalentof giving money away to someone elseentirelyD)In light of Hershfields study,one simple question arises:Is it possible to make our present selves give a damn about our future selves?The answers are anythi
34、ng but simple.E)Seen through the lens of the present self versus the future self,our self-defeating actionslike choosing to watch television rather than go to the gymsuddenly make perfect sense.We get to enjoy the very concrete, immediate benefits of our actions while someone else (namely,our future
35、 selves)suffers the hypothetical (假设的),far-off consequences.As a result,the decisions we make for our present selves often look very different from our decisions for our future selves.We believe that tomorrow.will be different.We believe that we will be different tomorrow;but in doing so,we prioriti
36、ze our current mood over the consequences of ourinaction for the future self.F)Understanding our procrastination(拖延)through the lens of the present and future selves,were left with three possible solutions:The first is to force your future self to do whatever your present self doesnt want to do.The
37、second is to convinceyour presentself that your future self is,in fact,still you.If the central problem is that we think of our future selves as other people,it follows that trying to identify more closely with our future selves will encourage us to make better long-term decisions.G)In a follow-up s
38、tudy,Hershfield wanted to explore ways to bridge the disconnect between the present and future selves and encourage people to save more for retirement.He and his team took photos of study participants,and then used image processing to visually age their faces.Participants were then placed in a virtu
39、al reality setting where they could look into a mirror and see their aged selves looking back at them. Participants who saw their aged selves said they would save 30%more of their salary for retirement than the control group.H)Whatever your long-term goals may begetting in better shape,launching you
40、r own business,writing a bookthinking about your deadline in terms of days rather than months or years can help you wrap your mind around how close the future really is.I)The third solution is to forget about your future self and use your present selfs love of instant gratifcation (满足感)to your advan
41、tage.While the two tactics(手段)above can be effective in making better long-term choices,in the end,youre still struggling against human nature.Our brains are hard- wired for instant gratification.Instead of fighting your present selfs need for immediate rewards,why not use it to your advantage?When
42、most of us set goals,we focus on long-term results we want to see e.g.,losing weight,getting a promotion,retiring in comfort,etc.While those visions of our future selves can be inspiring,when it comes to actually doing the day-to-day work,it may be more effective to reframe activities in terms of th
43、eir immediate,or at least very near-term,rewards.J)Take writing this article,for instance.Its easy for me to imagine how amazing it will feel at the end of the workday to have this article done.This isnt just my opinion.Research partners Kaitlin Woolley of Cornell University and Ayelet Fishbach of t
44、he University of Chicago have made a career out of studying the differences between the goals that people achieve and the ones that fall to the waysideK)“In onestudy,we asked people online about the goals they set at the beginning of the year.Most people set goals to achieve delayed,long-term benefi
45、ts,such as career advancement,debt repayment,or improved health.We asked these individuals how enjoyable it was to pursue their goal,as well as how important their goal was.We also asked whether they were still working on their goals two months after setting them.We found that enjoyment predicted pe
46、oples goal persistence two months after setting the goal far more than how important they rated their goal to be,”Woolley said.L)This pattern held true across a wide variety of goals from exercising to studying to eating healthier foods For example,people ate 50%more ofa healthy food when directed to focus on the good taste rather than the long-term health benefits.Other studies have shown a greater uptake of exercise in people who were told to think of the enjoyment of d