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1、一般现在时1概念引入在英语中,不同时间发生的动作和情况,要用不同的动词形式表示,这种不同的动词形式叫做动词的时态。今天我们要学习的是一般现在时。2用法讲解一、一般现在时的使用范围。1. 表示现在的状态。例如:Im twelve. 我十二岁。Wheres the schoolbag? 书包在哪里?2. 表示经常或者习惯性的动作。例如:I have lunch every day. 我每天吃午饭。Gina always asks: “Where is my schoolbag?”Gina总是问:“我的书包在哪里啊?”3. 表示客观事实或者存在。例如: My sister is a teacher.
2、 我姐姐是一位老师。The earth turns around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。4. 表示主语所具备的性格和能力。例如:She likes English very much. 她很喜欢英语。Bill likes beef, but he doesnt like chicken.比尔喜欢牛肉但是不喜欢鸡肉。以上所述均是一般现在时的基本使用范围,除此之外一般现在时还有其他一些特殊用法,比如:一般现在时可以用在一些从句中表将来等,我们会在以后的学习中讲到。注意:一般现在时态经常与often(经常),sometimes(有时),always(总是),usually(通常)等副词连
3、用,也经常与every day(每天), every week(每周), every month(每月), every term(每学期), every year(每年), once a week(一周一次),twice a year(一年两次)等时间状语连用。例如:She gets up early every morning. 她每天早上早起。I go to see my grandmother every month. 我每个月都去看我的奶奶。二、谓语动词在一般现在时中的使用情况。一般现在时态分为be动词的一般现在时和实义动词的一般现在时。1动词be的用法be动词包括“am,is,are
4、”,中文意思为“是”。这三个词的用法要随着主语的变化而变化。“am”用于第一人称单数(I);“is” 用于第三人称单数(he,she,it),以及单数可数名词或者不可数名词前; “are”用于第一人称复数(we),第二人称单数和复数(you), 第三人称复数(they)。例如:I am a student. 我是个学生。He / She is a student. 他/她是个学生。We/They are students. 我们/他们是学生。You are my teacher. 你是我的老师。You are my teachers. 你们是我的老师。be动词用法歌诀:英语有个动词be,“面孔
5、”不同要注意;我(I)用am; 你(you)用are, is连着他(he)/她(she)/它(it);主语单数用is,主语复数都用are;变疑问,将be往前提;变否定,be后加not;句首大写莫忘记,句末标点莫丢弃。be动词有时可与其前面或后面的单词构成缩写形式。I am=Im he is= hesis not=isnt are not=arent注意:am和not 没有缩写形式。含有be动词的一般现在时的基本句式如下:2实义动词的用法。(1)概念和用法实义动词是表示动作和状态的词。英语动词是词类中最复杂的一种,谓语动词的单复数要和主语人称和数保持一致。当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要变成三
6、单的形式(即在动词后面加s或者es)。当主语是其他人称时,谓语动词用原形。第三人称单数的变化规则如下:注意:有些动词的三单是特殊变化。例如:have has动词第三人称单数变化的歌诀:动词三单现在式,一般词尾加-s。s、x、ch、sh 连词尾,直接加上-es。词尾若是字母o,考虑是否加-es。辅音字母+y 来结尾,变y为i有道理,-es后面紧跟随,大家一定看仔细。(2)频度副词的使用一般现在时中,在表示经常性或者习惯性的行为时,常会使用频度副词。常用的频度副词有always(总是), often(经常), usually(通常), sometimes(有时), seldom(很少), neve
7、r(从不),频度副词要放在谓语动词之前助动词之后。例如:She often plays the piano after dinner.她经常饭后练钢琴。I always get up early. 我总是起的很早。My father usually goes out for a walk after supper. 我爸爸经常晚饭后出去散步。She never plays computer games. 她从来不玩电子游戏。(3)句式变化以下是行为动词作谓语时的句式变化:否定句。行为动词的一般现在时变为否定式时,要在行为动词前面加dont 或者doesnt;主语是第三人单数时用doesnt,其
8、余人称用dont。此时后面的行为动词要用原形。例如:He gets up very early. 他起床很早。(肯定)He doesnt get up very early. 他起床不很早。(否定)I like music. 我喜欢音乐。(肯定)I dont like music. 我不喜欢音乐。(否定) 一般疑问句。一般现在时中,含有行为动词的一般疑问句就是在句首加上do 或者是 does。此时,句中的谓语动词也要用原形。并且这种一般疑问句的简略回答也要用do 或者是does。例如:I like football. 我喜欢足球。(肯定式)Do you like football?你喜欢足球吗
9、?(一般疑问式)Yes, I do. 是的,我喜欢。(肯定回答)No, I dont. 不,我不喜欢。(否定回答)She likes English. 她喜欢英语。(肯定句)Does she like English? 她喜欢英语吗?(一般疑问句)Yes, she does. 是的,她喜欢。(肯定回答)No, she doesnt. 不,她不喜欢。(否定回答)特殊疑问句把特殊疑问词Who,Where,What,When,How以及What,How与其它词构成的词组,如:What class,How old等放在句首,加上一般疑问句,便构成各种特殊疑问句。例如:They have lunch a
10、t about 12 oclock. 他们大约12点吃午饭。(陈述句)Do they have lunch at about 12 oclock?他们大约12点吃午饭吗?(一般疑问句)When do they have lunch? 他们什么时候吃饭?(特殊疑问句)注意:特殊疑问句不能用Yes或No回答,要视情况直接回答。How do you do?形式上是特殊疑问句,实际上是人们初次见面时的一种问候语。回答这种问候语只要重复原句即可,也就是相互问候。巩固练习.用am,is,are填空。1.What _ your name? My name _ George.2. Her name _ Hu
11、Li.3.What _ this in English?It _ a key.4.What color _ it? It _ red.5. Hi! How _ you? I _ fine, thank you. And you? I _ fine, too. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. The lion _ ( not , eat ) grass. It likes _ (eat) meat.2. _ the snake _ ( like ) fruits ? No, it _ . ( not, do )3. My father _ ( go ) to work at 8:00 every
12、day. He _ ( not , go ) to work on foot.4. _ Jack _ ( have ) four classes in the morning ?Yes, he _ ( have ) four.5._ you often _ ( listen ) to music?No, I dont. I like _ ( play ) table tennis. 句型转换。1. We often read books after school. (用the girl做主语)The girl often _ books after school.2. Playing the
13、piano is my favourite. (变为同义句)I _ _ the piano best.3. He goes to a basketball match on Sunday. (改为复数句)_ _ to basketball _ on Sunday.4. I often get up at six in the morning. (用he改写)He often _ _ at six in the morning.5. I usually send her a birthday card. (用he做主语)。He usually _ her a birthday card.6. W
14、e have an English lesson today. (变否定句)We _ _ an English lesson today.7. They go home at five oclock. (对划线部分提问)_ _ they_ home?8. Our lessons start at eight oclock. Our lessons finish at five oclock. (用and连接) _.9. We have science on Tuesday and Friday. (对划线部分提问)_ _ you _ science?10. I do my homework a
15、t 10:00 in the evening. (改为否定句)I _ _ my homework at 10:00 in the evening. 选择填空。1. I _ a girl. My name _ Wang Lin.A. am; is B. is; am C. is; is D. am; am2. _ this your brothers book?A. Is B. Am C. Are D. Be3. Their names _ Lily and Kate.A. is B. are C. am D. be4_chemistry classes do you have every we
16、ek?AHow much BWhat CHow many D. When5. _ do you open a new document? Click “new document”.A. How B. Where C. What D. When6. _ the old man_ in the village?A. Is; live B. Does; live C. Does; lives D. Is; lives7. Do you like dogs?_. But I like cats.A. Yes, I do B. No, I am notC. Yes, I can D. No, I don
17、t8. My father_ a new car. He_ it very much.A. have, like B. has, likesC. has, like D. have, likes9. Linda _ Chinese very well, but she doesnt know how to write.A. speak B. speaks C. talks D. tells10. We usually _to school from Monday to Friday.A. goes B. go C. is going D. will go11. My grandmother_
18、up at five in the morning.A. get always B. always getC. always gets D. gets always12. He _ at 6:00 in the afternoon.A. go home B. go to homeC. goes home D. goes to home13. Do you like watching TV?Yes, I _. But only after I finish my homework.A. Am B. do C. does D. did14. We _ to bed at nine forty-fi
19、ve in the morning.A. go B. going C. to go D. goes15. They_ science today.A. have B. to have C. have not D. has真题链接1 Can your father drive? Yes, and he usually _ me to school.Adrives Bdrove Cis driving Dhas driven2. Amy will send us an email as soon as she _ in London.A. is arriving B. will arriveC.
20、arrives D. arrived3. If she _ come on time tomorrow, she wont be a member of our team.A. dontB. doesntC. isntD. wont参考答案. 用am/is/are填空。1. is; is 2. is 3. is; is 4. is; is 5. are; am; am. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1.doesnt; eat; eating2. Does; like; doesnt3. goes; doesnt ; go4.Does; have; has5.Do; listen; playing.
21、 句型转换。1.reads 2. like, playing3. They , go, matches4. gets, up5. sends6. dont , have 7. When, do, go8. Our lessons start at eight oclock and finish at five oclock.9. When, do, have 10. dont, do. 选择填空。1. A。主语是I用am; 主语是“my name”时,是单数名词,be动词用is;所以答案为A。2. A。主语是“your brothers book”,是单数,所以be动词用is。3. B。主语是
22、Their names,复数,所以be动词用are。4. C。句意:“你每周有几节化学课?”;对可数名词的数量提问用“how many”。5. A。句意:“你怎么打开一个文档?”;对方式提问用“how”。6. B。这句话的主语是第三人称单数,因此提问时用does;用does提问时,句子的谓语动词要用原形;故本题选B。7. D。由答语的第二句可知,前一句是否定回答,故排除A, C项;主语是第一人称,因此要用助动词do来否定;故本题选D。8. B. 这两个句子都是一般现在时,两句话的主语“my father, he”都是第三人称单数,因此都要将谓语变成三单的形式。故本题选B。9. B。说某种语言用
23、speak;主语是三单谓语也要变成三单;故本题选B。10. B。句意:“我们通常周一到周五去学校。”;由此可知应该用一般现在时,主语“we”是第一人称复数,因此谓语动词用原形,故本题选B。11. C。主语是“my grandfather”, 因此谓语用三单;频度副词应该放在谓语动词的前面;故本题选C。12. C。主语是“he”,为第三人称单数,因此谓语要变为三单;“home”的前面不加介词;故本题选C。13. B。一般现在时中,用do提问,答语也用do。14. A。此句是一般现在时,主语是第一人称,故动词用原形。15. A。此句是一般现在时,主语为第三人称复数,故肯定句谓语用原形;因此排除B, D项。又因谓语是行为动词,应该用do来构成否定,因此C项错误。故选A。真题链接1. A。由问句和答语里的usually可知用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故选A。2. C。as soon as意为“一就”,引导的时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来的意义。3. B。这里是由if引导的条件状语从句,符合“主将从现”的原则,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来的意义。